气相色谱法测定环境空气中1,2-环氧丙烷

以活性炭吸附环境空气中 1,2 -环氧丙烷 ,用二硫化碳洗脱 ,OV - 10 1:30m× 0 32mm× 0 2 5 μm毛细管柱低温分流进样分离 ,氢火焰离子化检测器测定 ,保留时间定性 ,峰高定量 ,采样吸附率达 99%。方法有较宽的线性范围 ,较高的灵敏度和精密度。当采样体积为 30L时 ,1,2 -环氧丙烷的检测限为 0 0 0 5mg/m3     

毛细管柱气相色谱法测定环境空气中1,2-二氯乙烷

采用毛细管柱气相色谱法测定环境空气中的1,2-二氯乙烷,用活性碳吸附,二硫化碳解析,FID检测器分析.方法在0 mg/L～311mg/L范围内线性良好,当采样体积为20 L时,最低检出质量浓度为0.006 mg/m3,标准溶液平行测定的RSD≤2.2%,加标回收率为98.4%～101%.     

热脱附进样-气相色谱法测定空气中的乙烯和丙烯

在常温条件下,用填充Carbosieve S-Ⅲ固体吸附剂的采样管,采集环境空气中的乙烯、丙烯,通过热脱附仪经二级脱附后,导入气相色谱仪,HP-PLOT Q毛细管色谱柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)进行检测,以保留时间定性,峰面积外标法定量。当采样体积为2.25 L时,乙烯、丙烯的方法检出限均为0.2μg/m3,该方法的测试相对标准偏差小于5.5%,加标回收率为89.3%~105%。     

热脱附-GC/MS法测定垃圾填埋场周围空气中氯代烃

采用热脱附-冷阱捕集-GC/MS法测定垃圾填埋场周围空气中24种氯代烃,通过试验优化并确定热脱附质谱的最佳处理条件。方法在5.00 mg/L～100 mg/L范围内线性良好,24种氯代烃的方法检出限为0.060μg/m~3～0.200μg/m~3,测定下限为0.240μg/m~3～0.800μg/m~3。空白加标回收率为91.8%～110%,6次测定结果的RSD均5%。实际样品测定结果为0.112 mg/m~3～0.412 mg/m~3,表明离垃圾填埋场最近的居民区环境中氯代烃为未检出或痕量分布,对生命体危害极低。     

便携式GC/MS热脱附法直接测定环境空气中挥发性有机物

采用便携式气相色谱/质谱联用热脱附法直接测定环境空气中的挥发性有机物,优化了试验条件。方法在5×10-9~100×10-9范围内线性良好,39种化合物的检出限为1.1μg/m3~19μg/m3,标准气体平行测定的RSD≤11.0%,回收率在80%~120%之间。     

扩散采样法测定室内空气中的BTEX

建立了扩散吸附管采样,热脱附仪和气相色谱联用测定室内空气中BTEX的监测分析方法,方法的最低检出限为0.0002mg/m3。该方法使用方便、便于携带、无需电源,且与传统的泵采样方法具有较好的可比性,适合于室内空气中BTEX的监测。     

气相色谱/质谱联用法测定环境空气中恶臭类硫化物

采用冷阱预浓缩-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定环境空气中硫化氢、甲硫醇、甲硫醚、二硫化碳、二甲二硫、噻吩等6种硫化物,讨论了采样容器材质的影响。方法线性良好,6种硫化物的检出限为1.0μg/m3～5.0μg/m3,混合标准气平行测定的RSD≤8.1%,加标回收率为93.5%～97.3%。     

空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs) 的监测方法研究

建立了热脱附仪和气相色谱-质谱联用测定室内空气和环境空气中35种挥发性有机污染物的分析方法,方法的最低检出限为0.1～0.9μg/m3, 20μg/m3挥发性有机物标准经6次的重复测定,其相对标准偏差小于8.4%.该方法已用于室内空气和环境空气的测定,取得令人满意的结果.     

环境空气中丙烯酸乙酯的气相色谱法测定

建立了环境空气中丙烯酸乙酯的TenaxGC吸附 -热解吸气相色谱测定方法。方法回收率为 87 3%～1 0 7 1 % ,变异系数为 5 3%～ 7 2 %。当采样体积为 2L时 ,检测限为 0 0 2mg/m3,具有采样时间短 ,不用任何溶剂等特点。     

全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱联用监测环境空气中VOCs

采用全采样系统-全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱联用技术监测环境空气中的VOCs,优化了调制周期、升温程序、进样体积等分析条件.39种目标化合物在0 μg/m3～10.0 μg/m3范围内线性良好,检出限范围为0.03 μg/m3～0.09 μg/m3,标准气体平行测定的RSD为1.1％ ～5.3％.应用于化工园区环境空气样品测定,与热脱附-气相色谱/质谱法相比,目标物的分离效果更佳.     

气相色谱法直接进样测定环境空气中的卤代烃

用100mL玻璃注射器采集气样，直接进入气相色谱仪，卤代烃经HP—101毛细管柱分离、ECD测定。方法检出限为0.007mg／m^3-0．05mg／m^3，相对标准偏差为3．4％-7．6％，加标回收率为94％-106％。     

Monitoring and Assessment of Exhaust Emission in Bangkok Street Air

Measurement of the exhaust emission from gasoline-powered motor vehicles in Bangkok were performed on chassis dynamometer. A fleet of 10 vehicles of different model, years and manufacturers were selected to measure the air pollutants in the exhaust effluent. The study revealed that the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions averaged 32.3–64.2 and 1.82–2.98 g km^–1, respectively, for 1990–1992 cars and decreased to 17.8–40.71 and 0.75–1.88 g km^–1, respectively, for 1994–1995 cars. A monitoring program for air pollutant concentrations in ambient air was also conducted to evaluate the air pollution problems in Bangkok arising from vehicle exhaust emission. Four air sampling stations were strategically established to cover the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR). Composite air samples in this study area were collected during the day/night times and weekday/weekend. The average concentrations of suspended particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide in Bangkok street air were found to be 0.65 mg/m³ (24 hr ave.), 19.02 mg/m³ (8 hr ave.) and 0.021 mg/m³ (1 hr ave.), respectively. The average concentrations of benzene and toluene in the ambient air of the study area were found to be 15.07–50.20 and 25.76–130.95 g/mf³, respectively, for 8 hr average. These results indicated that there was a significant increase in air pollutant emissions with increasing car mileage and model year. Subsequent analysis of data showed that there were only 20% of the test vehicles complied to approved emission standard. The finding also revealed that there was a correlation between the average air pollutant concentrations with average traffic speed in each traffic zone of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR).     

Monitoring of Hydrocarbon Emissions in a Petroleum Refinery

In a petroleum refinery the hydrocarbon emissions which are mostly fugitive in nature are emitted from process, offsites and periodic accidental releases such as: materials storage & handling, process, equipment leaks, solvent evaporation, combustion sources, waste treatment etc. In India, the monitoring of such emissions in a refinery are limited as also the standards are not set for its limit in ambient air. Hence there is an urgent need for generating a database for such emissions. Recently in India, MoEF/CPCB has set some guidelines under CREP rules for monitoring such emissions in a refinery. A detailed monitoring of the hydrocarbon emissions from different sources in a typical 10.5 MMTPA Indian refinery is undertaken during 1999–2001 and the results are presented. It is observed that the storage tank emissions alongwith process leaks form the major contributor towards fugitive hydrocarbon emissions.     

气相色谱法测定环境空气中乙醇和异丙醇

采用蒸馏水吸收空气中的乙醇和异丙醇，气相色谱法测定，该方法在3．14 mg/L ～15．8 mg/L 范围内线性良好，乙醇标准曲线的相关系数为0．9994，异丙醇标准曲线的相关系数为0．9996。测定低浓度标准溶液，得到乙醇和异丙醇的检出限分别为0．418 mg/L 和0．399 mg/L；采样体积为0．04 m3时，乙醇和异丙醇最低检出质量浓度均为0．05 mg/m3。乙醇和异丙醇标准溶液的回收率为95．4％～104％，RSD＜5％。样品稳定性试验表明，采集的乙醇和异丙醇样品保存时间越长损失率越大，一般保存7 d为宜。     

离子色谱法测废印刷电路板真空热解气相污染物中HBr、NO2和SO2

在淋洗液中加入H2O2和三乙醇胺配制成吸收液,通过离子色谱法同时测定废印刷电路板真空热解气相产物中HBr、NO_2和SO_2的含量,方法简单、快速、准确。当用50 m L吸收液、采样体积为30 L时,3种污染物的检出限分别为0.000 005 7、0.000 003 4、0.000 002 9 mg/L。该方法加标回收率为95.7%~104.8%,完全能满足废印刷电路板真空热解气相污染物中HBr、NO_2和SO_2的同时测定要求。利用该方法和行标方法同时测定环境空气中的HBr、NO_2和SO_2,再利用Excel分析工具对测定数据进行F检验和t检验,检验结果表明2种测定方法无显著差异。     

气相色谱法测定空气和废气中8种烃类化合物

建立了针筒采样、大口径毛细管柱分离、气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器测定空气和废气中甲烷、乙烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烷、异丁烷、正丁烷和正戊烷等8种烃类化合物的方法.优化了试验条件,方法线性良好,甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、乙烷、丙烷、异丁烷、正丁烷和正戊烷的检出限分别为0.09 mg/m3、0.20 mg/m3、0.18 mg/m3、0.29 mg/m3、0.28 mg/m3、0.37 mg/m3、0.16 mg/m3和0.56 mg/m3,RSD＜8.0%,加标回收率为80.5%～104%.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定空气中四乙基铅

采用一氯化碘的盐酸溶液吸收光谱法和三氯甲烷萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定空气中四乙基铅,优化了试验条件。此方法对测定空气中四乙基铅的灵敏度、准确度都有很大的提高,方法的最低检出浓度为0.70μg/L,当采样体积为60 L,四乙基铅最低检出浓度为0.000 1 mg/m3。对实际样品进行分析,四乙基铅的加标回收率为89.1%~105.9%。     

副玫瑰苯胺无汞比色法测定空气中的甲醛

在甲醛法测定空气中二氧化硫的基础上,建立了一种测定空气中甲醛的新方法。该方法所用设备和材料与甲醛法测定空气中的二氧化硫相同,不使用含汞试剂,用亚硫酸钠固定标准溶液和吸收液中的甲醛,用氢氧化钠分解羟甲磺酸释放已被固定的甲醛,以副玫瑰苯胺和亚硫酸钠为显色剂绘制标准曲线进行定量。当采集空气30L时,检出限为0.01mgm3,最低检测浓度为0.03mgm3,适用于环境空气及室内空气中甲醛的测定。     

顶空-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定水和废水中8种苯系物

采用顶空进样-气相色谱/质谱联用法(HS-GC/MS)测定水和废水中苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯、异丙苯、苯乙烯等8种苯系物,优化了分析条件,讨论了色谱柱极性、加热温度、平衡时间和进样次数对测定结果的影响。8种苯系物在1.00μg/L～1 000μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.22μg/L～0.38μg/L,实际样品平行测定的相对标准偏差5.0%,加标回收率在86.0%～115%之间。