克拉玛依市环境科研监测中心站获得计量认证/审查认可(验收)资格证

为适应国际准则 ,国家技术监督局发布了新的《产品质量检验机构计量认证 /审查认可 (验收 )评审准则》 ,其内容更全面、更具体、更规范 ,它的出台标志着国家对各检测机构有了更高的要求。克拉玛依市环境科研监测中心站全体人员按照新《评审准则》的要求认真工作 ,经过一年多的努力 ,于 2 0 0 2年 1 2月底顺利通过了新疆维吾尔自治区技术监督局计量认证 /审查认可 (验收 )委组织的现场评审 ,2 0 0 3年 4月 1 4日获得了计量认证 /审查认可 (验收 )资格证。在该项工作中 ,克拉玛依市环境科研监测中心站走在了全疆环境监测系统的前列 ,使该站实…     

环境监测机构计量认证中应注意的问题

《中华人民共和国计量法》规定,凡向社会提供公证数据的产品质量检验机构,必须经省级以上计量行政主管部门考核合格。环境监测机构出具的各类监测数据主要用于环境质量评价和环境监督管理,应具有准确性、公正性、权威性和科学性。因此,环境监测机构应按规定进行计量认证。2000年10月24日,国家质量技术监督局认证与实验室评审管理司发布了《产品质量检验机构计量认证/审查认可(验收)评审准则》(质技监函[2000]046号)(简称新《评审准则》),对原计量认证和审查认可(验收)考核制度作出相应的改革和调整。目前很多环境监测机构正在开展计量认…     

环保系统计量认证的工作程序

为帮助申请国家级计量认证的环保机构开展工作，介绍了环保系统计量认证的依据、认证机构、评审准则以及工作程序，并就计量认证的申请与受理程序、准备工作、评审步骤、整改与上报材料以及审批发证程序进行了阐述。     

对环境监测合同评审工作的探讨

环境监测在使用了ISO／IEC17025：1999《检测和校准实验室认可准则》之后，环境监测的管理水平和技术能力得到了提高，而环境监测的合同评审是做好环境监测工作的首要和重要环节，标准化管理对环境监测的合同评审提出了很高要求，其特点是把环境监测工作从被动上升为主动，深圳市宝安区环境监测站（简称宝安区站）于2003年9月获得了国家认可实验室，环境监测合同评审工作经历了几年的摸索，取得了一定的成绩。     

实验室认可的设备质量管理

阐述了实验室认可中设备质量管理的重要性。指出环境监测站应提高认识，树立设备质量管理理念；创新机制，构建设备质量管理体系；突出重点，健全设备质量管理制度，包括评审制度、验收制度、使用制度、记录制度和核查制度。     

新疆环境监测中心站顺利通过计量认证复查评审

中国环境监测总站计量认证考核组受国家技术监督局的委托 ,于 2 0 0 1年 9月 1 5— 1 7日对新疆环境监测中心站进行了计量认证复查评审。新疆环境监测中心站 1 996年 3月取得的国家技术监督局颁发的计量认证合格证 (期限五年 )已于 2 0 0 1年 3月到期。为了迎接计量认证复查评审 ,新疆环境监测中心站的领导高度重视 ,专门成立了领导小组 ,全面负责此项工作 ,全站的专业技术人员积极配合。经过半年多的准备 ,新疆环境监测中心站以优异成绩通过了计量认证考核组的基础理论、密码样品测试等内容的考核及现场检查 ,顺利通过评审 ,并于 2 0 0 1年…     

浅谈授权签字人对环境监测数据报告的审核

根据计量认证和中国实验室国家认可工作中对授权签字人能力的考核以及通过认证／认可的实验室对授权签字人赋予的职责和权利,针对目前环境管理、环境执法以及社会公众对环境监测数据不断增长的需要,结合监测数据报告审核的体会,探讨了授权签字人在环境监测数据报告审核中应采取的审核程序与方法及重点关注的问题。     

测量不确定度及其估算

《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》ＧＢ/Ｔ1 5 4 81 - 2 0 0 0发布以来 ,在实验室认可和计量认证的复核中 ,测量不确定度的评定已成为各实验室准备工作的重点。《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》规定 :检测和校准实验室都必须具有对测量结果进行不确定度评定的程序 ,并且还应该在具体的检测和校准工作中应用这些程序来进行测量不确定度的评定。测量不确定度在检测工作中的正确使用 ,可以衡量实验室科学管理 (质量体系的有效运行 )和检测技能 (分析质量控制和出具有效检测结果的能力 )的水平 ,也是计量认证复核和实验室认可评审的要素之…     

江苏省环境监测质量管理工作会议在南京召开

江苏省环境监测质量管理工作会议于2003年3月在南京召开,省环境监测中心各有关部门、省辐射监理站、省辖市环境监测站的质量管理组成员出席了会议。会议总结了2002年度的质量管理工作,交流了各省辖市环境监测站开展质量管理l:作的经验,i、f论r 2003年度质量管理工作的要点,确定了以贯彻实验室认可准则和计量认证评审准则、保持质量体系有效运行为重点,开展能力验证和技术比武等活动,促进全省环境监测能力的提高。 摘自江苏省环境监测中心《环境监测lr作通讯》:~.003年第3期江苏省环境监测质量管理工作会议在南京召开~~…     

新疆辐射环境监理站的计量认证正式评审已经通过

新疆辐射环境监理站的计量认证正式评审已经通过根据中华人民共和国计量法第二十二条规定，国家环保局与国家技术监督局联合下发了：“环境保护系统各级环境监测站具有为社会提供公证数据的职能，也应该进行计量认证”的通知。事实也说明，计量认证工作给环保部门带来了多...     

我国沙尘暴灾害及其治理对策初步研究

分析研究了沙尘暴的成因、时空分布、发展趋势及造成的灾害，结合国外经验提出了我国治理的对策建议。     

Dissipation and residue of metalaxyl and cymoxanil in pepper and soil

A simple and accurate method of determining metalaxyl and cymoxanil in pepper and soil was developed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection. The limits of detection were 0.015 mg/kg for metalaxyl and 0.003 mg/kg for cymoxanil. The limits of quantification were 0.05 mg/kg for metalaxyl in pepper and soil as well as 0.01 mg/kg for cymoxanil in pepper and soil. Recoveries of pepper and soil were investigated at three spiking levels and ranged within 77.52 to 102.05 % for metalaxyl and 87.15 to 103.21 % for cymoxanil, with relative standard deviations below 9.30 %. For field experiments, the half-lives of metalaxyl were 3.2 to 3.9 days in pepper and 4.4 to 9.5 days in soil at the three experimental locations in China. At harvest, pepper samples were found to contain metalaxyl and cymoxanil well below the maximum residue limit MRLs of the European Union (EU) following the recommended dosage and the interval of 21 days after last application.     

Determination and study on dissipation and residue of bismerthiazol and its metabolite in Chinese cabbage and soil

A simple and accurate method for the determination of bismerthiazol and its metabolite 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole was developed in Chinese cabbage and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection in this study. The limits of detection were 0.06 mg/kg for bismerthiazol and 0.03 mg/kg for 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, respectively. Recoveries of cabbage and soil were investigated at three spiking levels and were in the range of 84.0–96.0 % for bismerthiazol and 71.0–74.6 % for 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, with relative standard deviations below 7.0 %. For field experiments, the half-life of bismerthiazol was 2.4–2.5 days in Chinese cabbage and 2.5–4.8 days in soil at the two experimental locations in China. Dissipation residues of 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole were lower than 0.72 mg/kg. Terminal residues of bismerthiazol and its metabolite were less than 3.0 and 0.3 mg/kg in Chinese cabbage, respectively. No bismerthiazol or metabolite residues were detected in soil on days 5, 7, 10, and 14 after the last spraying at the two dosage levels.     

Residues and dissipation of trifloxystrobin and its metabolite in tomatoes and soil

A simple residue analytical method using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) procedure for the determination of trifloxystrobin and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid (CGA321113) in tomato and soil was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The limits of detection were 0.0005 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin and 0.001 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin acid, respectively. The average recoveries in tomato and soil ranged from 73–99 % for trifloxystrobin and 75–109 % for trifloxystrobin acid, with relative standard deviations below 15 %. The method was then used to study the dissipation and residues in tomato and soil. The dissipation half-lives of trifloxystrobin in tomato were 2.9 days (Beijing) and 5.4 days (Shandong), while in soil were 1.9 days (Beijing) and 3.0 days (Shandong), respectively. The final results showed that the major residue compound was trifloxystrobin in tomato whereas it was its metabolite, trifloxystrobin acid, in soil. The final residues of total trifloxystrobin (including trifloxystrobin acid) were below the EU maximum residue limit of 0.5 mg kg^?1 in tomato 3 days after the treatment.     

新疆室内环境污染监测和治理工作现状与建议

针对目前室内环境监测工作出现的种种问题，就如何规范的开展室内环境监测工作，更好地为社会提供真实、准确、有效的监测数据，本文提出相关的探讨。     

Lake destratification and speciation of iron and manganese

A long-term study of the effect of artificial aeration (destratification) of a water storage dam upon the speciation of iron and manganese in the dam waters has been undertaken. Separation of dam samples into soluble and insoluble forms by selective membrane filtration was undertaken before using the techniques of EPR spectroscopy, ion chromatography and gel filtration to assess the speciation of soluble species, and selective extraction and surface analysis (ESCA, SIMS and SEM) techniques to determine the speciation of particulate iron and manganese species. The percentages of soluble iron and manganese before (1983–85) and after (1986–88) artificial aeration are compared for the periods Jan–Dec, Jan–Mar, and Jun–Aug at three depths 6 m, 15 m and 0.5 m above the dam base, to assess the importance of seasonal changes in the various depths of the dam. Although aeration had an initial marked reduction in levels of soluble iron and manganese at all depths of the dam, the concentrations of these mtals showed a steady increase over succeeding years. Analysis of the figures over summer and winter periods shows that the reduction of soluble iron was maintained in summer, but not during winter. Upon aeration, the initial reduction of soluble manganese concentration was maintained in succeeding years in the epilimnic regions of the dam, but not in the hypolimnion. Statistical analysis of data has been undertaken to correlate the changes in relationship between the various forms of iron and manganese with the advent of aeration.     

Disembodied and Disembedded? The Social and Economic Implications of Atmospheric Change and Biodiversity

The social and economic implications of atmospheric change on biodiversity need to be seen in a global context of major shifts in the conceptualization and management of our relationship with nature. Traditionally, we have conceptualized the atmosphere and the other creatures of the biosphere as separate from the human, but their quasi-autonomy is now becoming subject to more and more human management. This raises not only economic issues, but social, political, and ethical concerns that will have substantial influence on public policy. Among these are the commodification of genetic material; the privatization of traditional knowledge; and the management of information. In this broader context, the paper examines an array of current and proposed strategies of response to changes in biodiversity as a result of climatic and other stresses.     

Atmospheric Change and Biodiversity: Co-Networks and Networking

Canada responded to the Global Biodiversity Convention by completing the Canadian Biodiversity Strategy in 1995. At the same time, Environment Canada also completed a national Science Assessment on Biodiversity. During this period, the Smithsonian Institution, in partnership with Parks and Environment Canada, initiated the implementation of a global biodiversity monitoring program in Canada. Under the auspices of the United Nations Man and the Biosphere Program, the SI/MAB monitoring protocols and plots have spread across Canada at an unprecedented rate. National champions in the science and educational sectors, working within an inter-disciplinary ecological framework, have guided the development, education, quality control and sharing of atmosphere-biodiversity observations electronically.Atmospheric-Biodiversity Networks and Networking have traditionally operated within separate mandates with little degree of integration. Air-Bio Networks were designed within an integrated framework to better understand the atmospheric stress on biodiversity and the adaptation actions, nationally and regionally. Detailed examples of the cumulative effects of climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, acid deposition, ground-level ozone, suspended particulate matter and hazardous air pollutants on biodiversity will be discussed using a Southern Ontario case study. In addition, recommendations will be presented for future paired SI/MAB plots, linked networks and networking for adaptation within the context of climate, chemical and ecological gradients.     

太原市冬、夏季醛酮化合物污染特征及来源分析

针对太原市空气臭氧污染较为严重的问题,开展臭氧主要前体物醛酮化合物质量浓度及其变化规律研究.利用2,4-二硝基苯肼固相吸附/高效液相色谱方法,通过对太原市2019年冬季和夏季大气的醛酮化合物进行分析,发现太原市冬季总醛酮化合物的平均质量浓度为13μg/m3,低于夏季的27μg/m3.其中甲醛、乙醛和丙酮质量浓度最高,且...