北京市环境电磁辐射自动站数据分析及网络建设

选取北京市环境电磁辐射自动监测站点2年多的数据,利用SPSS统计软件,对各站点数据进行了主要电磁辐射源、长期数据趋势、各站点时间代表性分析;并结合网格法监测数据,对自动站点空间代表性进行分析。结果表明,5个环境电磁辐射自动站周围主要电磁辐射源均为移动通信基站;其总体电磁辐射水平为0.69~0.97 V/m,低于北京市1 V/m的电磁辐射环境本底水平,且单站点连续12个月的监测数据可以描述该点位电磁辐射平均水平和变化趋势;经分析,连续5年全市网格法电磁辐射射频电场的监测数据总体具有较好的一致性,但单站点的电磁辐射水平不能代表所在行政区的电磁辐射总体水平。提出了电磁辐射自动监测网络建设建议。     

电磁辐射环境的潜在致突变水平

通过蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验,对微波通信基站和广播电台周围环境电磁辐射水平进行监测,了解了不同电磁辐射强度与蚕豆根尖细胞微核率之间的关系。指出较强电磁辐射水平对蚕豆根尖微核率的形成具有显著影响,电磁辐射环境可能存在潜在的致突变危险。建议国家有关部门应尽快对有关场所中的电磁辐射环境,以及对公众健康影响的问题作深入研究,制定可操作性法规,并明确界定有关场所可执行的标准,使建筑物高层电磁辐射环境污染得到有效地控制和管理。     

南京市通讯辐射环境调查

通过对南京市区进行网格式布点监测，并重点监测典型区域和典型基站，采用基于MapInfo构建的电磁辐射环境评价系统进行现状评价。结果表明，南京市电磁辐射水平总体较低，处于安全水平，部分电磁辐射水平相对较高的区域主要受电视发射塔和广播电台的影响，是南京市电磁辐射环境保护和移动通信基站建设应关注的重点。     

广州市区广播电视发射塔电磁辐射调查

为了解广州市区广东电视发射塔和广州电视发射塔电磁辐射状况，广州市环境监测中心站对电视发射塔周围的环境进行了监测。结果表明．两座电视发射塔周围电磁辐射水平随着距离的增加，呈现下降的趋势；两座广播电视发射塔周围高层建筑敏感点窗外电磁辐射水平随着楼层的增加．呈现上升的趋势。     

GSM移动通信基站电磁辐射污染状况研究

介绍了GSM移动通信基站系统,指出,在进行GSM移动通信基站环境影响分析时,要注意采样点位的设置和测量要求.现场监测结果表明,GSM移动通信基站对环境电磁辐射水平有一定的影响,特别是对50 m内建筑物影响显著,但绝大多数基站基本符合国家有关电磁辐射环境影响标准的要求,在设备正常运行情况下,不会对周围环境造成电磁辐射污染.     

城市移动通信基站电磁辐射环境调查与评价——以连云港为例

对连云港移动通信基站电磁辐射环境进行现状调查与评价,将3个时段内移动基站电磁辐射监测数据进行统计分析和分区评价。结果表明,监测数据均能符合相应的环境标准,县域电磁环境辐射水平整体略低于城市区域,基站周边整体受电磁辐射影响程度随高度上升呈增加趋势,10 m～15 m高度处的综合场强平均峰值最高。     

城市高压输变电工程电磁辐射污染危害及防治措施探讨

以乌鲁木齐市区高压输变电工程为研究对象，重点论述了城市高压输变电工程电磁辐射产生的机理、特征及危害，并通过实地监测，说明了城市高压输变电工程电磁辐射水平现状及发展趋势，以国家电磁辐射环境保护法律法规及技术标准为准则，从多方面提出了城市高压输变电工程电磁辐射的污染防治措施。     

北京市某高层建筑高空电磁辐射环境影响分析

选取北京市某代表性高层居民楼顶平台作为高空电磁辐射环境水平监测点进行综合场强和选频监测，评价总体电磁辐射环境水平，并分析监测区域电磁辐射能量的来源。结果表明：该高空监测区域的电磁辐射环境总体水平低于国家规定的公众照射导出限值，但高于地面水平。监测区域主要受30 km 外的中波台影响，其次是9 km 外的中央电视塔。影响最大的是639 kHz频率的中波信号，占100 kHz～300 MHz总场强的95％以上，其次是1．28 MHz频率的中波信号。提出，开展敏感建筑物规划建设时，应考虑中波的传播特性和对环境的影响。     

雄安新区环境电磁辐射水平初步监测

对雄安新区电磁辐射水平进行监测和分析,结果表明：该地区一般环境电场强度为未检出~1.03 V/m,基站周围电场强度为0.36 V/m~1.08 V/m,广播电视塔周围电场强度为0.65 V/m~3.19 V/m,均低于《电磁环境控制限值》（GB 8702—2014）中对公众暴露控制限值的要求。表明雄安新区电磁辐射水平总体良好,处于正常环境本底水平。     

南通市移动通信基站电磁辐射时空分布特征

为了解南通市移动通信基站电磁辐射时空分布特征,随机实测504座典型基站,着重从水平和垂直方向50 m范围内开展监测,并选取典型基站开展24 h连续监测。结果表明,南通市移动通信基站电磁辐射水平满足《电磁环境控制限值》(GB 8702—2014)中公众曝露控制限值要求;基站电磁辐射水平分布随距离增大呈现先增加后逐渐减小的趋势,地面最大投射点的距离基本为20~30 m;垂直方向最大监测值出现在与天线高度相近的楼层;24 h基站电场强度随时间呈明显变化,与话务量和数据流量分别进行相关性分析,相关系数为0.968 3和0.709 8,说明目前话务量仍是电磁辐射强度的重要影响因素。     

基于余弦模型的核电站周围环境γ辐射水平季节性分析

探讨了环境γ辐射水平的季节性变化趋势和规律,通过余弦模型对连云港田湾核电站2005—2008年度γ辐射连续监测自动站的月均值数据进行分析,并与实际值进行拟合比较,得到拟合曲线与实际曲线吻合,余弦模型能反映出γ辐射水平的季节性变化规律的结果。     

保障辐射环境安全的放射源在线监控管理系统

利用集固定源及移动源等自动监控仪器和移动GPRS监控数据的采集、传输、存储、展示、统计及应用的综合业务平台,通过环保系统内部的业务协同,有效地获取放射源动态业务信息,可以提高核与辐射环境监管工作的信息化水平和对辐射污染事件的快速反应能力,为核与辐射环境管理提供服务.     

Study of electromagnetic radiation pollution in an Indian city

Electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell phone towers is a form of environmental pollution and is a new health hazard, especially to children and patients. The present studies were taken to estimate the microwave/RF pollution by measuring radiation power densities near schools and hospitals of Chandigarh city in India. The cell phone radiations were measured using a handheld portable power density meter TES 593 and specific absorption rates were estimated from the measured values. These values of electromagnetic radiation in the environment were compared with the levels at which biological system of humans and animals starts getting affected. The values were also compared with the international exposure limits set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The highest measured power density was 11.48?mW/m(2) which is 1,148% of the biological limit. The results indicated that the exposure levels in the city were below the ICNIRP limit, but much above the biological limit.     

2 20 kV高压输电线电磁辐射水平及防护距离预测

依据<500 kV超高压送变电工程电磁辐射环境影响评价技术规范>(HJ/T 24-1998)中的预测模式对监测点周围地面1.5 m处工频电场进行了验证性监测,表明实际测定结果与理论计算结果基本吻合.通过对220 kV双回同相、双回逆相和单回线路下地面1.5 m、4.5 m、和7.5 m处工频电场变化趋势分析,预测了220 kV高压输电线产生的电磁辐射水平,以及不同房屋结构的防护距离.提出了220 kV高压输电线电磁辐射的防护措施.     

车载辐射环境巡测技术应用的探讨

简述了国内外车载辐射巡测技术应用与系统配置情况，我国各级辐射环境监测与监察机构的车载巡测技术能力现状，分析了我国车载巡测系统测试中存在的监测标准规范适用性、监测方法、校准刻度的方法和管理问题，提出环境保护部门应制定车载系统测试相关的规范和要求，建立环保系统车载系统测试和校准刻度实验室的建议。     

新疆某铀矿区生产场所环境γ外照射水平及所致职业者的剂量

本文报道了新疆某铀矿生产场所及周围居民村环境γ外照射水平的结果.结果表明:铀矿区生产场所γ外照射剂量率高于对照区,铀矿生产场所周围居民村环境γ外照射剂量率与对照区居民村的γ外照射剂量率相近.经估算得出了采矿、水冶工种人员和附属设施工种人员受到γ外照射最大年有效剂量当量仅为我国放射防护基本标准规定限值的9.1％和1.8％.这一附加剂量,对放射职业工作者的健康不会造成损伤影响.     

2016—2021年四川省城市放射性废物库库区辐射环境监测

为提高四川省城市放射性废物库的安全管理水平，确保库区辐射环境安全和库内放射源实体安全，对2016—2021年四川省城市放射性废物库的库区环境监测结果进行了分析。分析表明：库区的γ辐射剂量率满足《核技术利用放射性废物贮存库选址、设计与建造技术要求》(试行)的要求，库区表面污染水平满足《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》(GB 18871—2002)的规定，库区气溶胶历年监测数据一致性较好。此外，库区完善的安防措施为库区的安全运行提供了有力保障。四川省城市放射性废物库的运行未对库区环境造成不良影响，库区辐射环境质量良好。废物库的运行状态良好，库区辐射安全可控，其安全运行对保障全省核技术利用产业的发展和辐射环境的安全起到了重要作用。     

Study of the variation and the effect of geo-chemical composition on the external background radiation level

The study to generate the baseline of natural radiation and radioactivity in East and West Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya, India was conducted to determine the different radiation dose in selected stations. Twenty stations were selected in both the district, which include Shillong the capital of Meghalaya and the Domiasiat area, which has been identified as one with a Uranium ore deposit. The dose was measured using a Micro-R-Survey meter and from the measurement it was found out that the absorbed dose in both the districts ranges from 0.04 to 1.66 microGy h(-1). The maximum dose was observed in Kylleng (0.72 microGy h(-1)) and the minimum in Mawphlang (0.06 microGy h(-1)). Average absorbed dose and equivalent dose were found to be higher than the Indian and world average values by several orders. The radiation levels distribution was found to be non-uniform through out the selected study area.     

The monitoring results of electromagnetic radiation of 110-kV high-voltage lines in one urban location in Chongqing P.R. China

To understand electromagnetic radiation field strength and its influencing factors of certain 110-kV high-voltage lines in one urban area of Chongqing by measuring 110-kV high-voltage line’s electromagnetic radiation level. According to the methodology as determined by the National Hygienic Standards, we selected certain adjacent residential buildings, high-voltage lines along a specific street and selected different distances around its vertical projection point as monitoring points. The levels of electromagnetic radiations were measured respectively. In this investigation within the frequency of 5–1,000 Hz both the electric field strength and magnetic field strength of each monitoring sites were lower than the public exposure standards as determined by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. However, the electrical field strength on the roof adjacent to the high-voltage lines was significantly higher than that as measured on the other floors in the same buildings (p < 0.05). The electromagnetic radiation measurements of different monitoring points, under the same high-voltage lines, showed the location which is nearer the high-voltage line maintain a consistently higher level of radiation than the more distant locations (p < 0.05). Electromagnetic radiation generated by high-voltage lines decreases proportionally to the distance from the lines. The buildings can to some extent shield (or absorb) the electric fields generated by high-voltage lines nearby. The electromagnetic radiation intensity near high-voltage lines may be mitigated or intensified by the manner in which the high-voltage lines are set up, and it merits attention for the potential impact on human health.     

226Ra in Tap and Mineral Water and Related Health Risk in the Republic of Croatia

The presence of 226Ra in drinking water may sometimes make important contribution to natural background radiation exposures. The paper describes the study of 226Ra content in drinking water of Croatia: tap water from the public supply system of several major towns and bottled mineral water from two selected mineral water springs. 226Ra was determined by alpha-spectrometric measurement after radiochemical separation. The radiation doses originating from drinking tap water and bottled mineral water were estimated. The annual dose from consumption of bottled mineral water was compared to that received from ingestion of public system tap water. The study showed that 226Ra content for investigated categories of waters is below the levels at which any unacceptable dose due to ingestion would arise.