首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
选择较有代表性的宁波市郊慈镇作为典型,调查分析了铜业乡镇企业对周围农业环境的污染情况。调查结果表明,污染源附近水域水质铜含量为0.009~8.461mg/L,超标率为43.8%,锌为0.02~5.92mg/L,超标率为37.5%。土壤中铜的含量为33.1~326.2mg/kg,超标率为72.2%。粮食中铜含量为2.19~24.20mg/kg,超标率为37.5%。  相似文献   

2.
光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪快速测定空气中苯系物   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文研究了使用光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪,直接测定空气中mg/m3级苯系物(苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻、间、对位的二甲苯及异丙苯)的快速分析方法。方法的线性范围为0~100mg/m3,相关系数均在0.999以上,方法的变异系数分别为2.9~12.5%(5mg/m3),3.4~7.9%(30mg/m3),方法最低检测限达0.2~1.0mg/m3。  相似文献   

3.
气相色谱法测定空气中三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用气相色谱法以5%PEG-6000为固定液、6201为担体填充柱分离,电子捕获检测器检测,直接进样测定环境空气中三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯。对0.029mg/m^3四氯乙烯标准样作重复5次测定,其相对标准差分别为5.7%和1.5%,并在实际样品中进行加标回收试验,回收率三氯乙烯在90%~110%、四氯乙烯在94%~108%之间。检测限分别为0.006mg/m^3和0.0005mg/m^3,完全能满足环境  相似文献   

4.
气相分子吸收光谱法测定废水中硫化物   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
应用分子吸收光谱地不同行业废水中的硫化物进行了测定。当水样不含干扰物质时可直接测定,否则需经沉淀、过滤、洗涤前处理。进行一与碘量法和吹气-对氨基二甲基苯胺光度法的对比试验,所测结果较为一致。分子吸收光谱法的线性范围为0.1mg/L ̄4.0mg/L。取5mL样品直接测定,检测限为0.05mg/L;取5mL样品沉淀等有处理后,检测限为0.005mg/L。测定速度快,直接测定最多2min即可测一个样品;  相似文献   

5.
双道原子荧光法测定土壤中砷和汞   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
探讨了用王水消解,硼氢化钾还原,原子荧光法连续测定土壤样品中砷和汞。检测限As为0.028mg/kg,Hg为0.0099mg/kg,方法简便,结果较好。  相似文献   

6.
毛细管气相色谱法分析土壤中有机氯农药   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
不分流毛细管气相色谱法分析土壤中有机氯农药,可解决样品某些干扰问题。666与DDT各组分的检测限分别为≤0.0005和≤0.002mg/kg。  相似文献   

7.
气相色谱法测定水和气体样品中的二硫化碳   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文研究了用气相色谱电子捕获检测器测定水和气体样品中二硫化碳的方法。本方法采取顶空进样法测水质样品,直接进样测气体样品。色谱柱为GDX—101填充柱。方法简单,灵敏度高,水质样品最低检出浓度可达00005mg/L,气体样品最低检出浓度达0005mg/m3。方法的精密度为57%,回收率为903%。  相似文献   

8.
研究小东江水闸至斜岭全程10Km河段底质中石油和酚类污染物含量的沿程分布,并对底质进行浸溶试验,结果表明,该河段底质中石油平均含量为27.58mg/kg,酚类为0.098mg/kg,石油平均浸出率为35%,酚类平均浸出率为49%,在一定的条件下,可能导致水体的二次污染。  相似文献   

9.
通过对常见的几种检测管法的比较,筛选出灵敏度较高的亚硝基铁氰化钠法;同时筛选出载体为60—80目的素陶瓷,指示剂浓度为20%。玻璃管内径为2.0—2.3mm,采气速度为0.3(L/min),采样体积为12L,以此条件进行实验.结果表明,检测管变色长度对应SO2浓度的相关性很好;变异系数均小于110%,检测的重现性较好。检测管的测定值与理论值的平均相对误差为5.09%(<±15%),最大相对误差为7.13%(<±25%),准确度较高.测定结果可靠;与化学法比较,两者无显著性差异;浓度小于0.15mg/m3的H2S及浓度小于0.01mg/m3的NO2对SO2检测管无干扰.  相似文献   

10.
纳氏试剂比色法测定氨氮的问题及修正   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
预蒸馏—纳氏试剂比色法测定污水中氨氮实验中,硼酸与氢氧化钠用量影响有色胶体的稳定和测定的灵敏度,本文研究了影响规律,发现氢氧化钠有增敏作用,提出工作曲线应使用经过校正的标准曲线,校正曲线绘制及水样分析时,采用溶液中H3BO3含量为0.4%、MaOH含量为0.2mol/L显色溶液胶体稳定时间长达12小时以上,线性范围扩展为0~9mg/i,最低检出浓度为0.015mg/l  相似文献   

11.
A flow injection analysis (FIA) system using immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been used for the detection of methamidophos in vegetable extracts. Methamidophos is one of the most commonly used organophosphate insecticides in South East Asia. AChE was immobilized onto magnetic particles; using a magnetic reactor, the particles could easily be separated from the test sample. Results show that complex matrices such as vegetable extracts have no inhibitory effect on AChE activity in the FIA system. The presence of methamidophos in the extracts caused AChE inhibition. The response could be followed as an inhibition curve and the inhibition constant calculated. Results show that using 85% AChE residual activity as the detection limit, methamidophos could be detected in lettuce and cabbage at 12 and 3 mg/kg vegetable material respectively. In a simulated field situation, cabbage leaves were spiked with 20 to 40 mg/kg methamidophos, homogenized and tested in the FIA system. The corresponding methamidophos levels predicted by the experimental results came very close to the known calculated values. Data presented here suggest that it is feasible to use this system to supplement the traditional chromatographic analysis methods for methamidophos analysis.  相似文献   

12.
Organophosphorus (OP) insecticides are used worldwide, yet their persistence in the environment is not well understood. This paper summarises recent research on 17 OP insecticides in the River Wuchuan, an important catchment in China, by determining their concentrations in water, soil, sediment and plants by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection (GC-FPD). The concentrations of the total OP insecticides ranged from 92.77 to 229 ng l-1 in river water, 1.61 to 9.93 ng g-1 dry weight in soil, 1.24 to 7.56 ng g-1 dry weight in sediment and 75.28 to 326 ng g-1 dry weight in plants. There was a relatively high abundance of methamidophos, dichlorvos, malathion, omethoate and dimethoate in all water, soil, sediment and plant samples. On average, these five compounds collectively accounted for 64%, 71%, 71% and 54% of the total OP insecticide concentration in water, soil, sediment and plants, respectively, which was similar to the composition of OP insecticides in application formulations used in our study area and in China as a whole. The results therefore reflect the application pattern to some extent, and suggest that the sources of the OP insecticides are mainly from current usage. When compared with other areas, the levels of OP insecticides in the River Wuchuan were moderate. The animal and human risks from exposure to OP insecticides in water and plants were evaluated against relevant threshold values. The results therefore provide important information on the current contamination status of a key agricultural watershed in China, and point to the need for urgent action to control the use of some excessively applied and potentially persistent agrochemicals, such as methamidophos, omethoate and dimethoate.  相似文献   

13.
用二氯甲烷提取稻田水和水稻植株样品中的丙草胺,稻田土壤样品用二氯甲烷-甲醇混合溶剂(体积比为9∶1)提取,再用高效液相色谱仪测定。方法在0.02 mg/L~2.00 mg/L的范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.9998;稻田水、土壤,水稻植株中丙草胺的检出限分别为0.001 mg/L、0.005 mg/kg、0.01 mg/kg;对稻田水、土壤和水稻植株分别做3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,重复5次,平均回收率在75.5%~84.7%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.0%~10.5%。  相似文献   

14.
The residues of 31 chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), 25 chlorophenols (CPs), 30 organophosphorus (OP) and pyrethroid (PRT) in two arable soils from the semi-arid and subtropical regions of China were assessed. Data obtained indicate that the main compounds of CHC pesticide residues in the semi-arid soil were 4,4′-DDE (25.3 ng/g) and β-HCH (14.1 ng/g), which totally accounted to about 90% of total CHC residues detected. The total content of CHC residues detected in the subtropical soil was only 3.1 ng/g, of which approximately 50% was β-HCH. However, the total content of CP residues in both of the soils was about 11 ng/g. In the semi-arid soil, only parathion-methyl amongst the 30 compounds of OP and PRT residues was detected (32.5 ng/g), whilst malathion and parathion-methyl (8.7 and 17.7 ng/g, respectively) detected in the subtropical soil. Based on these results, it was suggested the environmental risk of pesticide residues ranked in an order as CHCs (mainly as 4,4′-DDE, β-HCH) > OP (parathion-methyl) > CPs for the semi-arid soil, and as OPs (parathion-methyl and malathion) > CPs > CHCs (β-HCH) for the subtropical soil.  相似文献   

15.
A membrane extraction-gas chromatography method was developed fordetermination of organophosphorus pesticides and related compounds including methamidophos, DDVP, dimethoate, methyl parathion, parathion, thiophosphoric acid trimethyl ester, and thiophosphoramidic acid dimethyl ester in water samples. In thismethod, surface-modified acetic cellulose membranes were used to extract the target analytes in water samples, the extracted analytes were back-extracted into a small amount of methanol, andgas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detector (GC-PFPD) was used to determine the concentrations of targetanalytes in the extracts. The recoveries obtained for thetarget analytes spiked into the water samples ranged from 66to 94%. The method detection limit for each target analyte was 0.05 g L-1. The method developed in this study had shown the advantages of being cheap, simple, fast, and reliable. It had been used successfully to determine the concentrations of target analytes in river water samples.  相似文献   

16.
贵州省部分地区土壤中酞酸酯类污染现状调查   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
对贵州省部分地区表层土壤中酞酸酯类的污染状况进行了调查。分别在遵义地区、黔南地区、黔东南地区和毕节地区采集483个土壤样品分析,结果表明,样品中酞酸酯总质量比(ΣPAEs)为未检出~8.22 mg/kg,均值为0.63 mg/kg。其中DEHP和DBP为主要污染物,均值分别为0.32 mg/kg和0.24 mg/kg,检出率分别为90.89%和97.10%。  相似文献   

17.
The integrated pest management (IPM) modules of pesticide schedule on Basmati rice were validated at field experiments conducted in Northern India for consecutive 3 years (2005–2008). The pesticide residues were found below the detectable limit (<0.01–0.001 mg/kg) in soil and irrigation water samples of Kaithal region. In Dehra Dun region of Uttrakhand, the residues of carbendazim in rice grains and soil were detected below <0.01 mg/kg level. In second year experiments (2006–2007), only four non-IPM soil samples indicated the presence of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan in the range of ND <0.001 to 0.07 mg/kg, out of 45 samples analyzed. Carbendazim applied as seed treatment at Dehradun and Kaithal field trials was found below detectable limit in both IPM and non-IPM rice grains (<0.01 mg/kg) and irrigation water (0.01 μl/ml). Chlorpyrifos was detected in five water samples from Kaithal and one from Pant Nagar in the range of 0.003–0.006 μl/L, α- and β-isomer of endosulfan in the range of 0.005–0.03, and 0.005–0.02 μl/ml, respectively, in one sample from Pant Nagar and two from Kaithal, out of a total of 22 samples. In the region of Uttrakhand and Uttar Pradesh during 2007–2008, four non-IPM samples of soil indicated trace levels of endosulfan, out of 16 samples analyzed. The residues were detected below detection limit for carbendazim (<0.01 mg/kg) in soil samples of Dehradun IPM fields and for endosulfan and carbendazim (0.001–0.01 μl/L) in water samples each from IPM and non-IPM fields of Uttar Pradesh. The results of 3-year trials of IPM module indicated basmati rice as safe and economical with pesticide residue-free rice grains.  相似文献   

18.
利用微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收法检测小麦样品中的低含量钴,方法简单、操作便捷,测定结果精确度和准确度好。钴的线性回归方程为A=0.003303c+0.004218,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.1%(标准样品ESP-1)和1.1%(6#小麦样品),检出限为0.005mdkg。  相似文献   

19.
铋磷钼蓝分光光度法测定土壤中磷含量   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
土壤中磷含量的分析是土壤环境监测的主要项目之一.建立了铋磷钼蓝分光光度法测定土壤中磷含量的新方法,与现有的《土壤全磷测定方法》(GB 9837-88)和土壤总磷快速检测仪方法进行了比较讨论.方法的检出限为5.0 mg/kg,对磷含量为475 mg/kg和292 mg/kg的标准土壤样品进行测定,结果与标准值吻合,其相对...  相似文献   

20.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as organochlorine (OCl) insecticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), together with the new generation of organophosphorus (OP) insecticides, are of global concern, due to their widespread occurrence, persistence, bioaccumulation and hormone disruption potential. This paper represents an attempt to study the source and transportation of such pollutants in estuarine and coastal environments as an integrated ecosystem, by determining the levels of 18 OCl insecticides, 21 PCB congeners, and 17 OP insecticides in the Pearl River Estuary and South China Sea. The total concentrations varied from 126-1198 ng l(-1) for OCl insecticides, 33.38-1064 ng l(-1) for PCB congeners, and 4.44-6356 ng l(-1) for OP insecticides in the Pearl River Estuary. In comparison, their levels in the South China Sea were significantly lower, varying from 57.09-202 ng l(-1) for OCl insecticides, 21.72-144 ng l(-1) for PCBs, and 1.27-122 ng l(-1) for OP insecticides, respectively. The predominance of beta-HCH in HCHs, and DDE in DDTs in all water samples was clearly observed, suggesting beta-HCH and DDE's resistance to further degradation. The PCBs were dominated by those with 3-6 chlorines. The distribution characteristic of OP insecticides shows that five compounds (methamidophos, dimethoate, malathion, dichlorvos and omethoate) accounted for 56% and 72% of the total OP insecticide concentration. The relationship between pollutant concentrations and salinity in the estuary showed that they were all removed during the mixing process, therefore behaving non-conservatively.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号