共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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碳酸盐碳测定在沙尘暴来源地识别中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
根据中国大气颗粒物特点 ,在国内沙尘暴研究中首次尝试利用碳酸盐碳进行沙尘暴来源地识别。测定了一系列黄沙、大气颗粒物和沙尘暴源区土壤样品。初步了解了上述样品中碳酸盐碳含量情况 ,结合国外研究结果对影响北京的沙尘暴源区进行推测并与其他方法作了比较 相似文献
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采用微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定大气细颗粒物中的砷,确定了最佳样品处理方法与测定条件。方法在0μg/L~40.0μg/L范围内线性良好,标准曲线相关系数达0.999以上,检出限为0.01μg/L。土壤标准品的测定值在标准值范围内,大气PM2.5滤膜样品加标回收率为96.0%~102%,5次平行测定的RSD为1.5%~3.6%。 相似文献
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介绍了国内外大气颗粒物标准样品体系构成及制备技术,分析了我国大气颗粒物标准样品存在的种类和目标组分单一、研制技术薄弱等问题。在借鉴国外发展经验和考虑我国需求和研究能力的基础上,提出了拓宽大气颗粒物标准样品基质和污染物种类、完善标准样品体系、加强合作与科研投入、逐步攻克研制技术难点等对策和建议。 相似文献
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沈阳市空气中PAH的污染及其粒径分布 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对大气颗粒物粒度分级样品中多环芳烃(PAH)的分离测定结果,阐述了沈阳市苯并(a)芘(Bap)的污染现状,Bap在不同粒径大气颗粒物中的分布规律以及Bap同其它16种PAH的相关关系,并推算出Bap在呼吸道各主要部分的沉积分数 相似文献
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密闭微波消解电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法同时测定大气颗粒物PM10中的18种无机元素 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
建立了测定大气颗粒物PM10中18种无机元素的密闭微波消解电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法。考察了微波消解体系和消解条件,选取了适宜的仪器工作条件和最佳的分析谱线,合理地进行了背景扣除,并对共存元素的干扰情况进行了研究。样品采用硝酸-盐酸-过氧化氢-氢氟酸体系进行消解并经饱和硼酸溶液络合后上机测定,测定值与参考样品标准值相符,主量元素的方法精密度(RSD%)小于3%,次量、微量元素的方法精密度小于10%。各元素的检出限在0.0001~0.0141mg/L之间,回收率在90%~110%之间,应用建立的方法对北京市的颗粒物膜样品进行了分析。 相似文献
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2004年夏季在广州四个不同区域采集大气颗粒物样品,参照美国环保局(US EPA)标准方法测定其中二噁的含量,采用热分解光学分析法测定元素碳和有机碳的含量。结果表明,花都、荔湾、天河、黄埔大气颗粒物中二噁浓度(毒性当量)平均值分别为3815fg/m3(104.6fg I-TEQ/m3)、12777fg/m3(430.5fg I-TEQ/m3)、6963fg/m3(163.7fg I-TEQ/m3)、10953fg/m3(769.3fg I-TEQ/m3)。简单地分析了广州大气颗粒物中二噁的含量特征,以及与元素碳、有机碳之间的相关性。 相似文献
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大气颗粒物中元素碳的直接测定 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
对原来用元素分析仪测定大气颗粒物样品中有机碳、元素碳的方法[1 ] 进行改进 ,将差减法间接测定元素碳改为一步直接测定元素碳。有机碳、元素碳的测量标准偏差的平均值分别为 0 35 %、0 34% ,提高了元素碳的测量精度 ,同时避免了误差传递 ,解决了差减法测定元素碳时出现负值的情况。 相似文献
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BP网络应用于大气颗粒物的源解析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用BP网络对大气颗粒物进行源解析,将大气采集样本中的元素含量和大气颗粒物源成分谱构成训练样本集,用BP网络进行训练,由训练好的网络的权值可以计算出大气颗粒物的污染排放源的权重贡献率.将BP源解析法的计算结果与其它源解析法得到的结果比较,表明BP网络应用于大气颗粒物的源解析是可行的. 相似文献
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采用过氯乙烯滤膜采集、密闭微波消解、电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物中铅、镍、铬、铜、铁、锌、锰、钡、镉,优化了试验条件.方法线性良好,各元素的检出限在0.001 mg/L~0.01 mg/L之间,滤膜样品测定的RSD为0.6%~2.9%,加标回收率为96.0%~105%. 相似文献
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Atmospheric visibility impairment has gained increasing concern as it is associated with the existence of a number of aerosols as well as common air pollutants and produces unfavorable conditions for observation, dispersion, and transportation. This study analyzed the atmospheric visibility data measured in urban and suburban Hong Kong (two selected stations) with respect to time-matched mass concentrations of common air pollutants including nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), nitrogen monoxide (NO), respirable suspended particulates (PM(10)), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), and meteorological parameters including air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. No significant difference in atmospheric visibility was reported between the two measurement locations (p > or = 0.6, t test); and good atmospheric visibility was observed more frequently in summer and autumn than in winter and spring (p < 0.01, t test). It was also found that atmospheric visibility increased with temperature but decreased with the concentrations of SO(2), CO, PM(10), NO, and NO(2). The results showed that atmospheric visibility was season dependent and would have significant correlations with temperature, the mass concentrations of PM(10) and NO(2), and the air pollution index API (correlation coefficients mid R: R mid R: > or = 0.7, p < or = 0.0001, t test). Mathematical expressions catering to the seasonal variations of atmospheric visibility were thus proposed. By comparison, the proposed visibility prediction models were more accurate than some existing regional models. In addition to improving visibility prediction accuracy, this study would be useful for understanding the context of low atmospheric visibility, exploring possible remedial measures, and evaluating the impact of air pollution and atmospheric visibility impairment in this region. 相似文献
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为研究乌鲁木齐市冬季采暖期间大气颗粒物污染特征,通过采样和在线监测二种手段分析了2015年1~2月大气颗粒物样品,采用重量法分析颗粒物质量浓度,并对其相关性进行分析。结果表明:依据《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-2012),采样期间乌鲁木齐市大气PM_(10) 和PM_(2.5)的日均质量浓度均超过了国家二级标准,颗粒物污染严重;PM_(10) 和PM_(2.5)存在显著相关性,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10) 浓度的比值均大于0.5,采暖期PM2.5对乌鲁木齐市大气颗粒物贡献显著。 相似文献
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北方某市环境空气颗粒物中重金属污染状况研究 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
对我国北方某市大气颗粒物的污染状况进行了研究。在主导风向上设置采样点,于冬季、夏季分别采集TSP、PM10、PM2.5 3种不同动力学直径的大气颗粒物。采用ICP-MS对TSP、PM10、PM2.5中的元素浓度进行分析,并对3种不同粒径颗粒物中的10种重金属采用富集因子法进行评价。结果表明,北方某市环境空气颗粒物中富集程度最严重的为Cd、Pb;在采暖期,随着颗粒物粒径变小,Pb、Cd的富集指数呈现逐渐增大的趋势;非采暖期则无此趋势。 相似文献
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In assessing the risks associated with climate change,downscaling has proven useful in linking surfacechanges, at scales relevant to decision making, tolarge-scale atmospheric circulation derived from GCMoutput. Stochastic downscaling is related to synopticclimatology, weather-typing approaches (classifyingcirculation patterns) such as the Lamb Weather Typesdeveloped for the United Kingdom (UK), the EuropeanGrosswetterlagen (Bardossy and Plate, 1992) and thePerfect Prognosis (Perfect Prog) method from numericalweather prediction. The large-scale atmosphericcirculation is linked with site-specific observationsof atmospheric variables, such as precipitation, windspeed or temperature, within a specified region. Classifying each day by circulation patterns isachieved by clustering algorithms, fuzzy rule bases,neural nets or decision trees. The linkages areextended to GCM output to account for climate change. Stochastic models are developed from the probabilitydistributions for extreme events. Objective analysiscan be used to interpolate values of these models toother locations. The concepts and some applicationsare reviewed to provide a basis for extending thedownscaling approach to assessing the integrated riskof the six air issues: climate change, UV-B radiation,acid rain, transport of hazardous air pollutants, smogand suspended particulates. 相似文献
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