高效阴离子交换色谱脉冲安培检测法测大气颗粒物（PM2.5、PM10）中10种糖醇类物质

建立了大气颗粒物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10))中10种糖醇类物质的离子色谱检测法。建立了大气颗粒物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10))中丙三醇、赤藓糖醇、木糖醇、左旋葡聚糖、山梨醇、甘露聚糖、海藻糖、甘露醇、半乳聚糖、葡萄糖的高效阴离子交换色谱(HPAEC)与脉冲安培检测器(PAD)联用技术(HPAEC-PAD)的快速检测法。样品采用2 mg/L叠氮化钠溶液60 min振荡提取,经浓度为250 mmo L/L,流速为0.40 m L/min的氢氧化钠淋洗液洗脱30 min后,浓度逐步增加,60 min时达到500 mmol/L,10种物质被完全洗脱。该方法线性良好,线性回归系数大于0.999,实际样品测试加标回收率为84%~115%,精密度为0.5%~8.2%,对北京市2016年1月采暖季的大气颗粒物样品(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10))进行检测,其中左旋葡聚糖质量浓度最高,分别为(113±124)ng/m~3,(118±100)ng/m~3,其他9种物质均有检出。     

毛细管电泳法直接测定化工废水中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯

采用胶束毛细管电泳法,在分离水中5种邻苯二甲酸酯的基础上,对化工废水中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯进行了直接测定.以峰面积定量,标准曲线在4 mg/L～50 mg/L线性关系良好,检出限为0.64 mg/L,加标回收率为104%～106%.     

水样中常见金属离子的快速测定

研究了用高效毛细管电泳对自来水水样中常见金属离子的快速测定方法。结果表明,K+、Na+、Li+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Ba2+、Sr2+7种离子在8 min内可全部分离,回收率为98.0%~103.3%。峰面积和迁移时间的相对标准偏差分别在3.2%和1.1%以下,重现性较好,具有较高的检测灵敏度。     

胶束增敏光度法测定微量氰化物的研究

根据CN^-对丁二酮肟-Ni-曲通X-100体系的增色作用，建立了一种测定微量氰化物的新方法。方法选择性好，操作简便，不需要蒸馏和萃取。CN-含量在0-0．32mg／L内符合比耳定律，用于环境水中氰化物的测定，结果满意。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水中拟除虫菊酯和有机磷农药残留

采用直接进样法和萃取浓缩法2种前处理方式,通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对水中20种拟除虫菊酯类和有机磷类农药进行了测定,并对仪器条件的选择和前处理条件的优化进行了探讨.结果表明,20种农药的线性关系良好,相关系数均>0.999,直接进样法检出限为0.21～2.47μg/L,回收率为81.0％ ～119％,相对标准偏差...     

太滆运河表层沉积物中的酞酸酯类增塑剂和溴系、有机磷系阻燃剂残留特征初探

分别采用微波萃取-气相色谱/质谱法、加速溶剂萃取提取-液相色谱/质谱法对采自太滆运河5个沉积物样品中的6种邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)、13种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)和9种有机磷酸酯(OPEs)的质量比及分布进行研究。结果表明,所有样品中均检测到PAEs、PBDEs和OPEs(以总量计),其总质量比分别为1.99~6.90μg/g,47~572和17.1~69.7 ng/g;十溴联苯醚(BDE-209)和磷酸三异辛酯(TEHP)分别是质量比最高的PBDEs和OPEs;对于PAEs,入太湖点位处邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)质量比较高,其余点位则是邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DBP)质量比较高;ω(PAEs)、ω(PBDEs)和ω(OPEs)两两间线性相关性较好,指示其来源相同;下游沉积物中污染物的质量比均高于上游,沿岸生产、生活中增塑剂和阻燃剂对太湖的污染应引起更多关注。     

UPLC-串联质谱法快速测定地表水中多种农药残留

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定地表水中21种氨基甲酸酯和有机磷农药,通过优化试验条件,使方法在0. 500μg/L～100μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0. 1μg/L～6. 2μg/L。对空白水样做3个质量浓度水平的加标回收试验,5次测定结果的RSD为0. 3%～9. 5%,回收率为82. 0%～113%。将该方法用于测定徐州某地表水样品,3个水样均为未检出。     

The combined use of electrokinetic remediation and phytoremediation to decontaminate metal-polluted soils: a laboratory-scale feasibility study

The use of a combination of electrokinetic remediation and phytoremediation to decontaminate two metal-polluted soils has been demonstrated in laboratory-scale reactors. One soil was heavily contaminated with copper, the other with cadmium and arsenic (2500 g g^-1 Cu; 300-400 g g^-1 Cd and 230 g g^-1 As, respectively). Test reactors with twoseparated chambers, each with a capacity of 5.25 kg soil, wereconstructed, then the respective chambers were filled with eithera mixture of the polluted soil and a control topsoil (75:25) ortopsoil alone. Reactors were sown with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv Elka) and a constant voltage of 30 V was applied continually across the soils in each reactor. Soil sampling took place at the start and the end of the test run, whilst plant foliage was sampled after approximately 3 weeks (both reactors) 6 weeks (Cd soil reactor only) and at the conclusion of each test run (98 days Cu soil, 80 days Cd soil). Soil and plant metal concentrations were measured, together withsoil pH. Results showed that in both soils there was a significant re-distribution of metals from anode to cathode in the test reactors, coupled with an enhancement of plant Cu uptakein the cathode region for the Cu soil. Patterns of plant Cd uptake were less clear cut and were not as clearly related to theredistribution of Cd measured in the soil. There was significant acidification of soil at the anode in each test reactor, but soilpH in other parts of the reactor changed little during the courseof the experiment. Plant growth was affected at the anode, but was not affected in other parts of the reactor. There was no visual evidence of metal toxicity in the ryegrass in either polluted soil. Some effects on soil fungi were apparent, with a stimulation of Fusarium infection of ryegrass in the cathode region of all reactors and the appearance of sporophoresof Coprinus in the same location. It is concluded that the combination of the two techniques represents a very promising approach to the decontamination of metal polluted soils that nowrequires validation in field conditions.     

水样及生物体中三唑磷的测定

介绍了农药三唑磷的分析测试方法,为制定相应的标准方法提供了参考。     

我国环境中需重点控制的农药残留及其检测方法

文章根据我国农药生产和使用的特点,结合环境污染事故中常见的农药、保障农产品安全需控制的农药残留等,阐述了我国环境中需重点控制的农药残留种类,并对其监测方法和控制标准进行了综述,旨在为农药污染事件中快速判断污染类别、科学确定监测方法、及时处置污染提供技术保障。     

农药废水中邻苯二胺的分光光度法测定

利用Fe3 催化氧化邻苯二胺(o-PDA),研究了分光光度法测定o-PDA的最佳实验条件和干扰去除方法.研究表明,在稀HCl介质中,显色体系最佳pH=3.0;λmax=450 nm;方法的线性范围0～8 mg/L,线性回归方程A = 0.011 4C 0.037 2,相关系数r= 0.999 6;体系的摩尔吸光系数ε=1.22×104 L·mol-1·cm-1;方法的检测下限为0.015 mg/L,动力学研究表明显色反应为一级,dA/dt=0.007 5A-0.011 67,r=0.999 5.用硫酸铜沉淀去除农药生产废水中的干扰后测定水中的o-PDA,结果满意.