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1.
鉴于中小城市及县乡级医院不具备单独处理医疗废物的条件,本文从实际工作出发,介绍了FSL型热解焚烧炉对医疗废物无害化处置的工作原理,对其焚烧医疗废物产生的主要废气污染物进行了测试.测试结果表明FSL型热解焚烧炉废气污染物排放达到国家现行环保排放标准要求.  相似文献   

2.
基于我国新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情医疗废物应急管理与处置体系建立过程,分析疫情初期医疗废物管理与处置短板,预测医疗废物产生量随患者人数发展的变化,提出医疗废物突出问题的解决方案。结果表明:及时构建重大疫情医疗废物全过程应急管理与处置技术体系有利于促进医疗废物分类分流管理与处置,迅速提升医疗废物应急处置能力;修正湖北省涉疫情医疗废物和医疗废物平均产生系数分别为3.35 kg/(人·d)和5.15 kg/(人·d);截至2020年6月6日,全国医疗废物处置能力从疫情前的4 902.8 t/d增至6 245.4 t/d,湖北省具备的医疗废物处置能力由疫情前的180 t/d增至667.4 t/d;疫情期间积累的医疗废物应急管理与技术经验对后疫情时期建立和强化医疗废物应急管理与处置机制具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

3.
城市垃圾及其它有害废物的焚烧处理技术现状与展望   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文概述了国内外城市垃圾和有害废物焚烧处地设备的发展与应用现状并展望了今后20年废物焚烧处理技术与应用的发展趋势。  相似文献   

4.
以福建省某化工危险废物处理工程为例,研究固态危废焚烧处置设施的技术性能。工程采用高温涡流燃烧+二燃室+水冷除尘器+急冷塔+干式吸附+布袋除尘+喷淋吸附+雾水分离工艺,设计处理量为100 kg/h。研究结果表明:在测试工况下,二燃室温度为(1 149.6±13.4)℃;烟气在炉膛的平均停留时间为(5.35±0.12)s,燃烧效率为99.97%;萘与CCl4的焚毁去除率分别为99.996%与99.991%,热灼减率为3.3%;焚烧设施的技术性能达到《危险废物焚烧污染控制标准》(GB 18484—2020)的要求;二噁英的排放值为0.007 6 ngTEQ/m3,HF和CO的排放值分别为1.21 mg/m3和72.8 mg/m3,烟气排放达标。  相似文献   

5.
采用层次分析法对国际上较为成熟的9种POPs废物处置技术进行综合评价,筛选了适合我国POPs废物处置的技术。从经济指标、环境指标和技术指标3个影响因素建立递阶层次结构模型,每个指标又细分为若干个子准则。根据模型及评价指标体系设计专家咨询表,发放给POPs相关领域的专家进行打分。采用matlab对评价结果进行数值分析,得...  相似文献   

6.
垃圾焚烧飞灰中二噁英类的研究概况   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着垃圾焚烧技术的推广应用,焚烧产生的污染越来越受关注,本文介绍了二噁英的检测方法、垃圾焚烧飞灰中二噁英的分布、影响因素及飞灰的处置和综合利用技术研究概况。  相似文献   

7.
依据2017年环境统计数据, 分析了长江经济带工业危险废物的污染及处理特征:长江经济带危废产生 量较大的省份是江苏、浙江、云南、湖南和四川;危废种类主要是来源于化工、钢铁、有色和造纸行业的废酸、有色金属冶炼废物、废碱和焚烧处置残渣;各地对危废的处理情况各有优劣。根据以上特征,提出加强对重点 区域的监管和调度,针对特定行业和危废种类,建议出台最佳可行的处理技术,建立区域之间危废管理大平台,促进区域危废处理优势互补和均衡发展,挖掘企业自行处理能力,减轻危废集中处理压力。  相似文献   

8.
氟化钙污泥处置及资源化利用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
综述了现有的氟化钙污泥处理处置技术,包括浮选富集回用氟化钙,熔融焚烧实现减量化,应用于陶瓷、水泥、混凝土制作,以及利用其化学性质,作为添加剂用于飞灰的固化稳定,或者在钢铁行业中充当萤石成为助熔剂。理论分析和试验检测表明上述方法均可实现含氟污泥的减量化、无害化、资源化,在处理氟化钙污泥时可以根据实际情况选择相应的工艺技术。  相似文献   

9.
危险废物焚烧处置项目竣工环境保护验收监测要点   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对危险废物焚烧处置项目竣工环境保护验收监测中尚需明确的要点进行了剖析,并从入炉危废种类及比例、焚烧量的控制、助燃剂加入量、空气过剩系统的把握,以及安全管理检查要点等方面,提出相应的解决办法。  相似文献   

10.
分析2010—2017年北京市三类典型废弃物焚烧源的废气二NFDA1英排放监测数据,计算排放因子和排放量,评估减排政策成效,并分析不同排放源达标排放时同类物分布特征异同和变化规律,探讨影响排放的重要因素。结果表明: 5家焚烧源平均排放浓度为 0.008~0.069 ng/m3(以TEQ计,下同),废气二NFDA1英排放因子为 0.027~1.7 μg/t,2016年向空气中排放的二NFDA1英量为 0.002 5~0.058 g;生活垃圾、危险废物和医疗废物焚烧源的低、高氯代同类物质量分数比的平均值分别为接近于 0.5、大于0.5和小于0.5,危险废物焚烧源的 ∑PCDFs、∑PCDDs质量分数比的平均值大于2; 123478-HxCDF和123678-HxCDF质量浓度接近且线性相关,具有相近的生成机理和去除效率; I-TEQ变化趋势与∑PCDFs质量分数的变化趋势基本一致,活性炭喷射和布袋除尘的去除效率是影响二NFDA1英排放的重要因素之一;危险废物焚烧源HWI1随运行时间增加排放浓度增加,而及时更换烟道管壁有助于消除“记忆效应”的不良影响。  相似文献   

11.
A lichen transplant study aimed at investigating a strong increase in mercury concentrations in lichens was run in a territory of NE Italy where background values were very low only 8 years before. Thalli of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea collected in a pristine area were exposed for 1.5, 3 and 6 months at 31 sites selected according to the observed pattern of Hg concentrations, location of the suspected source (a new waste incinerator) and prevailing wind direction. Hg strongly increased at eight sites after 1.5 months, at 12 after 3 months and at 20 after 6 months. The highest values were always located SW and S of the incinerator, in good agreement with the prevailing night wind direction. It was concluded that, although the immediate risk for the population living close to the incinerator is low, long-term hazard due to Hg accumulation in the surrounding environment should be seriously taken into account.  相似文献   

12.
The content of lead and cadmium in surface dust within a 4 km radius of a sewage sludge incinerator has been investigated. Particular attention was given to Pb and Cd in different size fractions of dust, an aspect not explored in previous studies, and the differences between expressions of contamination as concentration or loading were examined. Despite suggestions from reports that sludge incinerators may have difficulty in complying with emission standards, the present investigation found little evidence for a major contribution to local pollution by the incinerator. Certainly, the highest Cd level was found some 2.2 km downwind of the prevailing wind direction from the incinerator, suggesting some resultant contamination, although the levels do not appear to be excessive. Similar observations apply to Pb contamination of the area. While data of the type produced in this study contribute to an understanding of environmental quality, both loadings and levels need to be considered, as the implications of only consideration one of these may be limited and even misleading.  相似文献   

13.
通过对上海市危险废物焚烧行业焚烧炉排放烟气数据的分析,结果表明:不管是医疗废物焚烧炉还是一般危险废物焚烧炉,其二蟋英分布规律大致相同;PCDFs对二曝英的贡献率远高于PCDDs;实测检出的二嚼英异构体中,占二嚼英总量比例较大的依次为1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF、1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD和OCDD;I—TEQ贡献最高的二嚼英异构体为2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF,贡献率达31.08%~53.56%。17种二喏英异构体与I—TEQ的相关性分析表明,仅2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF在2类焚烧炉中与I—TEQ均存在相关性,其相关系数分别为0.989和0.998,可以作为潜在的测定指示物。  相似文献   

14.
The environmental impacts of various hydrogen production processes are evaluated and compared, considering several energy sources and using life cycle analysis. The results indicate that hydrogen produced by thermochemical water decomposition cycles are more environmentally benign options compared to conventional steam reforming of natural gas. The nuclear based four-step Cu–Cl cycle has the lowest global warming potential (0.559 kg CO2-eq per kg hydrogen production), mainly because it requires the lowest quantity of energy of the considered processes. The acidification potential results show that biomass gasification has the highest impact on environment, while wind based electrolysis has the lowest. The relation is also investigated between efficiency and environmental impacts.  相似文献   

15.
A Method for Ensemble Wildland Fire Simulation   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
An ensemble simulation system that accounts for uncertainty in long-range weather conditions and two-dimensional wildland fire spread is described. Fuel moisture is expressed based on the energy release component, a US fire danger rating index, and its variation throughout the fire season is modeled using time series analysis of historical weather data. This analysis is used to characterize the seasonal trend in ERC, autocorrelation of residuals, and daily standard deviation and stochastically generate artificial time series of afternoon fuel moisture. Daily wind speed and direction are sampled stochastically from joint probabilities of historical wind speed and direction for the date range of the fire simulation period. Hundreds or thousands of fire growth simulations are then performed using the synthetic fire weather sequences. The performance of these methods is evaluated in terms of the number of ensemble member simulations, one- versus two-dimensional fire spread simulations, and comparison with results from 91 fires occurring from 2007 to 2009. Simulations were found to be in consistent agreement with observations, but trends indicate that the ensemble average of simulated fire sizes were consistently larger than actual fires whereas the farthest extent burned by fires was underestimated.  相似文献   

16.
17.
济南市空气中颗粒物来源与防治对策   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
颗粒物(总悬浮颗粒物TSP及可吸入颗粒物PM10)已成为济南市空气污染的首要污染物,其主要来源为扬尘、煤烟尘和风沙尘.三类尘对TSP和PM10的贡献分别为扬尘:34%和30%、煤烟尘:25%和19%、风沙尘:18%和22%.文中在阐明颗粒物源解析的分析方法及结果基础上,提出了颗粒物污染的防治对策.  相似文献   

18.
通过对大气细菌数量、霉菌数量与风速相关性的研究,得出齐市地区冬季气候寒冷,无相关性;春季气候干燥,风沙大,有相关性;雨后大气细菌数量与风速无相关性,大气霉菌数量与风速相关。  相似文献   

19.
浅析无锡城市垃圾处理发展方向   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对垃圾成分和数量进行了分析,结合国内外垃圾处理的发展状况,针对无锡市的实际情况,提出了加强垃圾分类收集,以分选回收、焚烧、再生等手段实现垃圾的资源化系统。  相似文献   

20.
Horizontal mixing in shallow lakes plays a significant role in sustaining sound life-supporting processes by facilitating homogenization of water in terms of suspended and dissolved matter. A simple method for the quantification of mixing has been outlined in order to establish a reliable basis of comparison; subsequently, it has been applied to the following studied cases. Mixing has been studied by numerical experiments through the case of the shallow Palic Lake. The mathematical formulation of the applied numerical model is described in detail. In the following, the significance of each current driving force influencing the flow patterns has been analyzed. Wind forcing has by far outweighed other forces. Because of this, focus has been put on the influence of wind action on mixing. The intensity of mixing, induced by characteristic steady winds, has been compared with that produced by unsteady winds. Results at the end of both 30- and 60-day wind forcing periods are presented. They suggest that large-scale circulations dominate the mixing processes. Consequently, a steady wind inducing favorable, far-reaching circulations may result in outstanding mixing in a short period of time. In the long run, however, unsteady winds produce more intensive mixing.  相似文献   

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