室内环境空气污染调查

论述了室内空气污染的主要原因。主要污染物及其危害。并对室内空气污染现状进行了调查。结果显示住宅中甲醛超标率在33.3%-100%之间，甲醛最高超标10.9倍；总挥发性有机物（TVOC）超标率在55.6%-75.0%之间，最高超标24.0倍；氨超标率在33.3%-41.7%之间，最高超标5.1倍；氡未见超标，同时，对室内空气污染提出了具体防治措施。     

比色法快速测定室内空气甲醛含量

室内空气甲醛的现场快速监测技术已成为环境监测的热点研究领域,旨在为普通家庭提供室内空气甲醛现场监测方法。优化了甲醛吸收液用量、自然吸收时间及吸收液与空气接触面积对监测方法的影响,制作了用于目测室内空气中甲醛含量的标准比色卡,方法简便、快速、经济、实用,可望在普通家庭中得到广泛应用。     

贵阳市民居室内外空气污染物分布及来源研究

对贵阳市部分家庭室内外空气污染物进行了监测,并对其来源进行了分析.结果表明,除了CO浓度未超标外,SO2、NO2、PM10、CO2、甲醛和氨均出现不同程度的超标,超标率在0.5%～38%,最大超标倍数1.1～2.7,其中PM10的超标率和甲醛的超标倍数最明显.室内空气污染物中,PM10、CO、CO2和甲醛主要来自室内源的贡献,SO2则受室外源的影响大.污染物在室内不同房间之间具有较高的相关关系.     

承德市室内环境质量污染现状调查与研究

对承德市160家宾馆、饭店、歌舞厅等公共场所,80个民用建筑工程项目,80余家个人家庭装修进行室内环境检测,发现不同场所室内主要超标污染物不同。新建公共场所和个人家装室内空气主要污染物为总挥发性有机物、甲醛、苯、氨,已建成的重点公共场所空气超标污染物主要为二氧化碳、菌落总数,民用建筑工程超标污染物主要为氨。     

居室装修甲醛污染不容忽视

经对新装修的，36间居民住宅及15个公共场所室内空气中甲醛进行监测，结果表明，金昌市居民住宅室内空气中甲醛有91．7％超过国家标准，公共场所室内空气中甲醇有26．7％超过国家标准。     

室内空气污染物中氨的测定分析方法探讨

研究了(纳氏试剂比色法和次氯酸钠—水杨酸分光光度法)在室内空气监测中存在的问题,得出次氯酸钠—水杨酸分光光度法不适合于装修后有机物含量较高的室内空气监测的结论。同时,针对纳氏试剂比色法分别进行了不同采样时间、不同采样流量以及不同吸收瓶等条件下室内空气中氨的监测技术的研究,确定了室内空气中氨的最佳监测条件。     

分光光度法测定室内空气中甲醛的方法研究

针对室内空气中甲醛的特点,在环境空气甲醛的测定方法—乙酰丙酮分光光度法(GB/T15516-95)的基础上,进一步优化了该方法的采样时间、采样流量、样品收集器等,使优化后的测定方法更加适应室内空气监测需要的准确性、简便性、快速性的特点。     

室内空气中甲醛的测定方法

介绍了室内空气中甲醛的危害和主要来源，综述了甲醛的测定方法：分光光度法、色谱法、光学法、传感器法和极谱法。     

室内空气中甲醛测定比对试验的探讨

为了检验化学酚试剂比色法与便携式甲醛测定仪测定室内空气中甲醛方法间有无显著性差异，用2种方法做了比对试验，并对2种方法的相关性、精密性进行了分析。结果表明，2种分析方法无显著性差异。便携式甲醛分析仪具有操作简单、携带方便、直观性强等优点，有利于民用建筑室内环境中甲醛的测定。     

空调房间空气中甲醛污染的分布特性

现代高层商务、办公楼采用中央空调系统保障室内环境温、湿度的舒适性,除了增加新风外,大部分空气室内循环.但办公家具板材中含的甲醛等污染物释放,会造成室内空气的污染,影响人体的健康[1].于2005年5月对青岛市某邻海高层商务楼的8层海景房间空气中甲醛进行测试分析.     

综合评价室内空气质量初探

阐述了现行室内空气质量评价方法存在的不足,通过分析比较,确定了利用计权型多因子环境质量评价指数进行室内空气质量的综合评价方法.根据当前由于室内装修引起的室内空气污染特点,选择了甲醛、氨气、苯、甲苯、二甲苯和总挥发性有机物等6项指标作为评价因子,各评价因子的权重系数用其危害等级计算得到.     

Assessment of indoor airborne contamination in a wastewater treatment plant

The main objective of this work was to quantify and characterize the major indoor air contaminants present in different stages of a municipal WWTP, including microorganisms (bacteria and fungi), carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide ammonia, formaldehyde, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In general, the total bacteria concentration was found to vary from 60 to >52,560 colony-forming units (CFU)/m³, and the total fungi concentration ranged from 369 to 14,068 CFU/m³. Generally, Gram-positive bacteria were observed in higher number than Gram-negative bacteria. CO₂ concentration ranged from 251 to 9,710 ppm, and CO concentration was either not detected or presented a level of 1 ppm. H₂S concentration ranged from 0.1 to 6.0 ppm. NH₃ concentration was <2 ppm in most samples. Formaldehyde was <0.01 ppm at all sampling sites. The total VOC concentration ranged from 36 to 1,724 μg/m³. Among the VOCs, toluene presented the highest concentration. Results point to indoor/outdoor ratios higher than one. In general, the highest levels of airborne contaminants were detected at the primary treatment (SEDIPAC 3D), secondary sedimentation, and sludge dehydration. At most sampling sites, the concentrations of airborne contaminants were below the occupational exposure limits (OELs) for all the campaigns. However, a few contaminants were above OELs in some sampling sites.     

室内甲醛污染及对人体健康的影响

通过对三种不同类型居室内甲醛监测表明,甲醛浓度与室内装饰、吸烟和燃料的不完全燃烧有关.兰州地区夏季室内甲醛超标率高,为41.0％～51.3％.室内主要污染物除TSP以外,甲醛居第2位,且一天中浓度最高值在中午.新建居室比普通居室甲醛浓度高,在所有情况下,室内浓度高于室外.     

沈阳市大型超市室内环境污染物监测

针对沈阳市5家大型超市监测,结果显示在9项共48个超标数据中有41个集中在二氧化碳、温度、苯并(a)芘和总挥发性有机物等4项指标中。其中二氧化碳超标最为普遍,超标率为64.0%;温度超标率为40.0%;苯并(a)芘超标率为36.0%;总挥发性有机物超标率为24.0%;苯、甲苯和二甲苯超标率分别为4.0%8、.0%和4.0%;氨超标率为8.7%;甲醛超标率为4.2%。     

Colorimetric determination of formaldehyde in air using a hanging drop of chromotropic acid

A simple and sensitive method to determine parts per billion (ppb) of atmospheric formaldehyde in situ, using chromotropic acid, is described. A colorimetric sensor, coupled to a droplet of 15.5 microL chromotropic acid, was constructed and used to sample and quantify formaldehyde. The sensor was set up with two optical fibers, a light emitting diode (LED) and two photodiodes. The reference and transmitted light were measured by a photodetection arrangement that converts the signals into units of absorbance. Air was sampled around the chromotropic acid droplet. A purple product was formed and measured after the sampling terminated (typically 7 min). The response is proportional to the sampling period, analyte concentration and sample flow rate. The detection limit is approximately 2 ppb and can be improved by using longer sampling times and/or a sampling flow rate higher than that used in this work, 200 mL min-1. The present technique affords a simple, inexpensive near real-time measurement with very little reagent consumption. The method is selective and highly sensitive. This sensor could be used either for outdoor or indoor atmospheres.     

Outdoor-indoor air quality in Riyadh: SO2, NH3, and HCHO

A funded research project was conducted during the period July1992 through November 1994. The project was designed to evaluateindoor and ambient air quality in and around buildings of different types and uses in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia.Thirty intercity buildings and two outercity (background) siteswere carefully selected and monitored for air quality. Ten airpollutants, together with relevant meteorological parameters, were monitored indoor and outdoor at each site continuously andsimultaneously for a period of two weeks covering summer and winter seasons.This article discusses the results obtained for sulfur dioxide (SO₂), ammonia (NH₃) and formaldehyde (HCHO). Results of this investigation revealed that most sites had on the averageexceeded the recommended standards for SO₂ and NH₃ bothindoor and outdoor, with indoor levels being worse than outdoorduring winter time. Several sites also showed high levels of HCHO, with outdoor levels being consistently higher than indoor.Statistical and frequency analyses were performed on the collected data, showing seasonal and sector by sector variability, and outdoor-indoor correlations.