论地表水水质监测布点优化

本文在FUZZY相似优先比模式基础上,采纳绝对值距离建立模糊相似优先比矩阵R,在R={γ_ij)}m×n中,视地表水水质监测目的,选择出接近监测参数特征值(X_o)的监测断面,舍去了同一城镇范围内测值相近的其它断面,提出地表水水质监测布点优化的一种方法。     

模糊贴近度,聚类分析模式评价水质状况的研究

采用两种模糊贴近度，聚类分析模式评价了南通市１１条河流的年监测均值，通过评价，分析了聚类分析模式传统建立矩阵的方法和贴近度模式评价水质的缺陷，对非归一化法、归－化法处理贴近度（标准化数值）建立矩阵聚类分析结果进行了比照，提出了用环境单元与水质标准单元相应参数的贴近度建立矩阵聚类分析的方法。     

大气环境监测优化布点系统

大气环境监测优化布点系统于连生，李巍，房春生，段晓秋，李俊奇（吉林大学环境科学系，长春１３００２３）在大气监测优化布点中采用的模糊数学方法，一般应用模糊矩阵幂乘的聚类法［１］，该法的幂乘比较繁琐，分类不尽合理。本文采用模糊矩阵最大元法、Ｆｉｓｈｅｒ法...     

X~2距离矩阵最小生成树法在环境质量评价中的应用

由X~2距离矩阵得到样本变量间的相似关系,按kruskal算法绘出最小生成树后,即可按取定的d值切割进行聚类分析,实例分析表明,此法聚类分析结果与模糊聚类法和最大树法相同     

不同水质评价方法在漕桥河的应用与分析

选择单因子指数法、综合指数评价法及模糊综合评价法对漕桥河2008年—2011年的水质进行评价，并结合评价结果对3种评价方法进行分析比较。结果表明，采用模糊综合评价方法可以正确、全面地反映漕桥河的水质状况。     

用模糊线性加权变换法进行水质综合评价

用模糊数学方法对水质进行综合评价,已有报导.常用的方法是模糊综合评价法,当算子均匀分布在模糊关系矩阵R时,此法较准确.由于环境水质中大多数污染物浓度较低,且接近于第Ⅰ级水质标准,在对第Ⅰ级水质隶属度评估时,算子损失太多,从而影响到整个评价结果.本文应用的模糊线性加权变换法是基于模糊关系矩阵R,并综合模糊变换和线性     

改进的模糊综合评价法在太湖水质类别判定中的应用

水质判别是一个多参数多级别的模糊概念，基础的模糊综合评价法存在局限性，对基础模糊数学法中隶属度函数及最大隶属度原则进行改进，建立一种改进的模糊综合评价法。以太湖流域水质判别为实例验证了此方法比传统的方法更有效，且适合在太湖流域应用。     

模糊模式识别技术及在环境质量分级中的应用

本文将环境质量评价指数法与模糊模式识别技术相结合，用模糊模式识别的隶属度方法对有监督学习系统环境质量分级方法进行了实践探讨。作者认为，将两种方法相结合用于环境质量分级，结果优于单一方法。     

灰色局势决策用于水环境质量的评价

按灰色系统理论的观点和方法，根据各污染因子对环境质量的不同影响，将灰色局势决策法应用于水环境质量综合评价，并与水质距离评价法，模糊综合评判法和灰色关联度分析法进行了比较，结果表明，利用灰色局势决策法进行环境质量评价，是一种有效的实用方法。     

大气环境质量综合评价的一种新方法—模糊综合指数法

本文讨论了目前流行的大气环境质量模糊综合评判方法的缺陷,并将模糊综合评判与经典大气质量综合指数法的优点相结合,介绍一种新的综合指数法-大气环境质量的模糊综合指数法,大量计算表明新方法具有许多优越性。     

Fuzzy Logic Model to Estimate Seasonal Pseudo Steady State Chlorophyll-A Concentrations in Reservoirs

A fuzzy logic model is developed to estimate pseudo steady state chlorophyll-a concentrations in a very large and deep dam reservoir, namely Keban Dam Reservoir, which is also highly spatial and temporal variable. The estimation power of the developed fuzzy logic model was tested by comparing its performance with that from the classical multiple regression model. The data include chlorophyll-a concentrations in Keban lake as a response variable, as well as several water quality variables such as PO₄ phosphorus, NO₃ nitrogen, alkalinity, suspended solids concentration, pH, water temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen concentration and Secchi depth as independent environmental variables. Because of the complex nature of the studied water body, as well as non-significant functional relationships among the water quality variables to the chlorophyll-a concentration, an initial analysis is conducted to select the most important variables that can be used in estimating the chlorophyll-a concentrations within the studied water body. Following the outcomes from this initial analysis, the fuzzy logic model is developed to estimate the chlorophyll-a concentrations and the advantages of this new model is demonstrated in model fitting over the traditional multiple regression method.     

应用模糊综合指数法对伊犁河（伊宁段）水质的综合评价

模糊数学法对伊犁河(伊宁段)水质进行综合评价时,由于分别采用地面水环境质量标准中五类标准值的平均值及其中三个标准值,计算后的结果不一致,而模糊综合指数法避免了这类问题的出现,计算结果比较满意.从而表明,该法是对模糊数学法的进一步改进.     

武汉市城区大气监测优化布点研究

对武汉市城区网格布点实测ＴＳＰ、ＳＯ２获取了城区大气污染总体水平的数据，运用Ｆｉｓｈｅｒ最优分割方法，求出城区５个优化测点数，运用模糊聚类方法对武汉城区４８个网格测点的ＴＳＰ、ＳＯ２污染强度置信水平进行聚类；运用日均值和百分位数逼近方法检验；结合优化布点原则等，最终确定的ＴＳＰ、ＳＯ２的５个优化测点能集中反映城区大气环境中ＴＳＰ、ＳＯ２的总体污染水平。     

Assessment of trace metals pollution in estuarine sediments using SEM-AVS and ERM?CERL predictions

In this paper a PSIAC-based multi-parameter fuzzy pattern recognition (MPFPR) model is proposed and applied for classifying and ranking the potential soil erosion (PSE). In this approach, standard value matrix is used to define the membership degrees of each catchment to each class and the feature values are used for alternative ranking. The characteristic of PSE for each class is expressed by linguistic variables. The proposed method is straightforward, easy to understand, very practical, and its results may easily be interpreted. To assess the performance of the model, the results of PSIAC MPFPR and original PSIAC method are interpreted and compared with the observed data. It is shown that the proposed approach reflects the fuzzy nature of the soil erosion more efficiently and is quite robust for application in real world cases.     

灰色关联分析法在水质评价中的应用

提出了等标分极标准的概念,进而利用等标分级标准和待评价水质样本各组分等标污染指数作灰色关联分析,得到一组待评价水质样本对于各级等标分极标准的关联度,按关联度最大将待评价的水质样本归入相应的水质级别中,用该方法对新疆某水库水质进行了评价,通过与模糊综合评判法和灰色聚类法评价结果对比发现:用灰色关联分析法评价水质,既具有模糊综合评判法和灰色聚类法的优点,又弥补了其不完善之处,评价结果比较符合实际状况,且更具有可比性。     

A fuzzy multi-stakeholder multi-criteria methodology for water allocation and reuse in metropolitan areas

In this paper, a fuzzy decision making methodology is proposed to find a socially optimal scenario for allocating effluent of wastewater treatment plants and urban and suburban runoffs to agricultural regions and recharging aquifers. The presented methodology named modified fuzzy social choice (MFSC) considers multi-stakeholder multi-criteria problems under uncertainties inherent in a decision making process utilizing a fuzzy ranking method and the fuzzy social choice (FSC) theory. A set of water and wastewater allocation scenarios are proposed for water quantity and quality management of the study area, while six main stakeholders with conflicting utilities and different negotiation powers are involved. The proposed methodology is applied to Tehran metropolitan area, the capital city of Iran with the population of about 8 million people, to examine its applicability and effectiveness. The results shows that using fuzzy multi-stakeholder multi-criteria decision making method considering equal and different negotiation powers can lead to different outcomes. Based on the results, the MFSC method, which considers a number of decision makers having different negotiation powers, degrees of importance of decision making criteria, and some important uncertainties, performs more promising in real water resources management problems.     

总大肠菌群测定中如何避免出现不定值

现行的环境监测分析方法与有关技术规范中总大肠菌群检数表里所列的几个不定值(“<”或“>”)给区域环境综合分析与评价工作带来一定的困难.为了避免在实测数据中出现不定值,实验分析人员应充分了解待检水样的环境因素以便确定合适的分析方法.对污染较重的水样要适当提高稀释倍数直至出现阴性反应.能否选择出正确的稀释度是实验成败的关键.     

模糊-主成分分析综合评价法在地下水水质评价中的应用

主成分分析法可以在保留数据原始信息的基础上有效地降低数据维度，从而将影响地下水质的多因子简化为几个综合因子，但对地下水的综合水质状况无法直接表达；模糊综合评价法能直接给出水体综合水质情况结论，但评价因子多为人为选取，存在较强的主观性。以辽宁思山岭矿区地下水水质现状评价为例，利用主成分分析法选取影响各断面水质的关键因子，将其作为模糊综合评价的评价因子，建立了模糊?主成分分析综合评价法的地下水水质耦合评价模型。研究结果表明，该模型能很好地体现分析因子对评价结果带来的影响，使得评价结果更科学、合理。     

Fuzzy clustering analysis in environmental impact assessment — A complement tool to environmental quality index

In spite of rapid progress achieved in the methodological research underlying environmental impact assessment (EIA), the problem of weighting various parameters has not yet been solved. This paper presents a new approach, fuzzy clustering analysis, which is illustrated with an EIA case study on Baoshan-Wusong District in Shanghai, China. Fuzzy clustering analysis may be used whenever a composite classification of environmental quality/impact incorporates multiple parameters. In such cases the technique may be used as a complement or an alternative to comprehensive assessment. In fuzzy clustering analysis, the classification is determined by a fuzzy relation. After a fuzzy similarity matrix has been established and the fuzzy relation stabilized, a dynamic clustering chart can be developed. Given a suitable threshold, the appropriate classification can be accomplished. The methodology is relatively simple and the results can be interpreted to provide valuable information to support decision making and improve management of the environment.