首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
金属冶炼烟气中的砷大都以颗粒物的形式存在,对环境造成污染.2010年,国家颁布了《铜、镍、钴工业污染物排放标准》( GB 25467-2010),对于废气中砷的监测,该标准中规定使用《空气和废气砷的测定 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法(暂行)》( HJ 540-2009).然而该方法中对于烟气中砷的监测方法存在一定问题,高氯酸在高温消解过程中易爆炸,比较危险,另外采用在锥形瓶内加热至产生白烟的排酸方式不能有效地排净硝酸,会导致反应无法进行.为此,就该方法中有组织排放废气中砷的前处理部分提出了改进意见.  相似文献   

2.
对土壤的前处理进行了研究,通过一系列的实验验证,给出了土壤中砷、锑和汞的监测分析方法,采用王水消解,硫脲还原,蒸气发生连续进样,运用原子荧光光谱法进行测定,得到了令人满意的结果.  相似文献   

3.
氢化物发生-原子荧光光度法测定水中砷和汞的比对   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过水样中砷和汞测定的比对实验,研究了氢化物发生-原子荧光光度法测定砷和汞的优越性,并分别对方法检出限、精密度和准确度进行了测定,结果满意。  相似文献   

4.
土壤和底质中砷形态分析前处理技术   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用可溶性砷(包括有机砷、砷的无机含氧化合物)和硫化砷的特性进行砷的形态分析。在2mol/L盐酸中提取可溶性砷,与硫化砷进行分离,分别测定总砷和可溶性砷后差值为硫化砷,在9mol/L硫酸-碘化钾溶液中用苯萃取砷的无机含氧化合物与有机砷进行分离,可分别测定有机砷的砷的无机含氧化合物。  相似文献   

5.
利用氢化物原子荧光光度法测定水样中的砷与传统的二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银光度法进行了比较,分析结果表明,2种方法测得的结果无明显差异。用氢化物原子荧光法测定砷的精密度和准确度可以满足地表水、地下水监测的要求。  相似文献   

6.
采用实验室与现场相结合的方法对砷快速测定方法的可靠性和应用价值进行研究。研究显示,该法检出限为2μg/L,具有较好的准确度,对于砷质量浓度5μg/L的水样,相对误差为1.00%~10.00%,对于砷质量浓度为5μg/L的水样,虽然相对误差较大,为22.40%,但其测定结果在砷污染快速监测可接受的结果范围内;精密度较高,相对标准差为5.27%~16.54%;同时具有较好的再现性。该方法能减少砷污染筛查的工作量,可满足应对砷污染突发事件应急监测的需求。  相似文献   

7.
茶叶中的微量砷及其在茶汤中形态的分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)对茶叶中微量砷进行了测定,并结合离子交换和溶剂萃取技术对茶汤中的砷的形态化合物进行了分离和测定。  相似文献   

8.
研究了便携式X荧光光谱仪(PXRF)测定土壤中砷、铅、铬、铜、锌和镍的性能,评估其检出限、精密度和准确度,探索了土壤水分和粒径对测定结果的影响程度,并与常规实验室分析方法测定结果进行比对。结果表明,PXRF测定土壤中砷、铅、铬、铜、锌和镍的检出限为5~15mg/kg,标准物质测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)≤8.6%,相对误差在±15%以内。随着土壤水分含量的增加,各金属元素测定结果均呈下降趋势,而RSD有上升趋势。土壤粒径对测定结果的影响较小,随着土壤粒径减少,各金属元素测定结果的RSD略有下降趋势。PXRF可以简单、快速地测定多种重金属元素,适用于污染地块重金属元素的现场实时监测。  相似文献   

9.
采用全消解法处理新疆某湖泊中狗鱼和鲤鱼的鱼肉样品,用氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定样品中的砷、汞含量。该方法的加标回收率为砷:96.3%~100.7%,汞:88.6%~90.5%,相对标准偏差均小于2%,具有良好的精密度和准确度,能满足水产品中金属元素的测定要求。测定结果表明,狗鱼鱼肉中砷和汞的含量均不同程度的高于鲤鱼鱼肉中的含量,并根据结果对造成同一水层二种鱼类鱼肉中汞、砷含量差异的原因进行了分析。  相似文献   

10.
一起河流砷污染事故的处置与监测分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
介绍了大沙河砷污染事故的处置和监测分析。多介质排查监测摸清了污染的范围和程度,为治理工作提供了科学依据,污染治理措施有效控制了污染的扩散;监测数据表明,治理措施将水中砷污染物沉降至河床使污染水质达标排放。吸附了大量砷化合物的底泥被清理并进一步处置,多介质跟踪监测应持续进行直至不存在潜在危害。  相似文献   

11.
High concentrations of arsenic in ground waters in West Bengal and Bangladeshhave become a major cause for concern in recent years. Given the enormity and the severity of the problemof arsenic poisoning, a task of evaluating the commercially available arsenic detection field kits for their capabilities was undertaken. In the light of the findings, generic specificationswere recommended which could form the basis forindigenous manufacture of these kits in the arsenic affected countries. This article presents the results of the laboratory and fieldevaluation conducted in Bangladesh and West Bengalof five arsenic testing field kits. The salient features of the kits, their merits and limitationshave been brought out. Based on the criteria of kitdesign, quality of chemicals used, colourcomparator charts, detection range, time required for analysis, cost etc., a comparative ranking ofthe kits has been made to facilitate the choice of the kit to meet specific requirements.  相似文献   

12.
Inorganic arsenic is a potent human carcinogen and toxicant which people are exposed to mainly via drinking water and food. The objective of the present study was to assess current exposure to arsenic via drinking water in three European countries. For this purpose, 520 individuals from four Hungarian, two Slovakian and two Romanian countries were investigated by measuring inorganic arsenic and methylated arsenic metabolites in urine by high performance liquid chromatography with hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Arsenic in drinking water was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Significantly higher concentrations of arsenic were found in both the water and the urine samples from the Hungarian counties (median: 11 and 15 microg dm(-3), respectively; p < 0.001) than from the Slovakian (median: 0.94 and 4.5 microg dm(-3), respectively) and Romanian (median: 0.70 and 2.1 microg dm(-3), respectively) counties. A significant correlation was seen between arsenic in water and arsenic in urine (R(2)= 0.46). At low water arsenic concentrations, the relative amount of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in urine was increased, indicating exposure via food. Also, high body mass index was associated with higher concentrations of arsenic in urine (p= 0.03), mostly in the form of DMA. Smokers had significantly higher urinary arsenic concentrations than non-smokers (p= 0.03). In conclusion, elevated arsenic exposure via drinking water was prevalent in some of the counties. Exposure to arsenic from food, mainly as DMA, and cigarette smoke, mainly as inorganic arsenic, are major determinants of arsenic exposure at very low concentrations of arsenic in drinking water.  相似文献   

13.
为了研究城市砷污染的现状及不同区域砷污染的空间差异性,以吉林市表层土壤为研究对象,在交通干道的绿化带和磨盘山保护区采集35个土壤样本,进行pH、有机质及砷含量的测定。采用单项污染指数、污染累计指数法等对土壤砷污染进行评价,并运用方差分析的方法对不同区域的砷污染进行了差异比较。研究表明:吉林市街道砷含量为26.43 mg/kg,为磨盘山自然土壤砷含量的4.08倍,为吉林市砷土壤背景值7.26倍;吉林市砷总体超标率12.9%。江北工业区、吉林大街和解放大路的单项污染指数分别为1.34、0.95、0.87,整体达到轻微污染水平。江北工业区和吉林大街、解放大路的变异系数相差不大,依次为0.13、0.11、0.17。土壤砷的污染累积指数为3.21,且由北向南递减,因此,砷污染主要来自于江北工业区的工业"三废"污染。  相似文献   

14.
The analysis for arsenic in hair is commonly used in epidemiological studies to assess exposure to this toxic element. However, poor correlation between total arsenic concentration in hair and water sources have been found in previous studies. Exclusive determination of endogenous arsenic in the hair, excluding external contamination has become an analytical challenge. Arsenic speciation in hair appears as a new possibility for analytical assessing in As-exposure studies. This study applied a relative simple method for arsenic speciation in human hair based on water extraction and HPLC-HG-ICP-MS. The concentration of arsenic species in human hair was assessed in chronically As(V)-exposed populations from two villages (Esqui?a and Illapata) of the Atacama Desert, Chile. The arsenic concentrations in drinking water are 0.075 and 1.25 mg L(-1), respectively, where As(V) represented between 92 and 99.5% of the total arsenic of the consumed waters. On average, the total arsenic concentrations in hair from individuals of Esqui?a and Illapata were 0.7 and 6.1 microg g(-1), respectively. Four arsenic species, As(III), DMA(V), MMA(V) and As(V), were detected and quantified in the hair extracts. Assuming the found species in extracts represent the species in hair, more than 98% of the total arsenic in hair corresponded to inorganic As. On average, As(III) concentrations in hair were 0.25 and 3.75 microg g(-1) in Esqui?a and Illapata, respectively; while, the As(V) average concentrations were 0.15 and 0.45 microg g(-1) in Esqui?a and Illapata, respectively. Methylated species represent less than 2% of the extracted As (DMA(V)+ MMA(V)) in both populations. As(III) in hair shows the best correlation with chronic exposure to As(V) in comparison to other species and total arsenic. In fact, concentrations of As(total), As(III) and As(V) in hair samples are correlated with the age of the exposed individuals from Illapata (R= 0.65, 0.69, 0.57, respectively) and with the time of residence in this village (R= 0.54, 0.71 and 0.58, respectively).  相似文献   

15.
以江苏省邳苍分洪道砷污染事件为例,介绍了活性氧化铝吸附法在大型砷污染河流中的应急处置,对污染的背景、治污处理工艺水平、处理方案和过程进行探讨。结果表明,该方法对大水量、中低浓度的水体砷污染治理有一定的效果,为今后此类事件的应急处置提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

16.
高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱联用分析土壤中形态砷   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)-原子荧光光谱(AFS)联用技术分析土壤中亚砷酸盐[As(Ⅲ)]、二甲基砷(DMA)、一甲基砷(MMA)和砷酸盐[As(Ⅴ)]等4种形态砷,以磷酸为提取剂、抗坏血酸为还原剂,优化了水浴提取条件。As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA和As(Ⅴ)在7 min之内实现了完全分离,在1.00μg/L~100μg/L范围内线性良好,实验室检出限分别为0.25μg/L、0.36μg/L、0.39μg/L和0.51μg/L,土壤标准样品平行测定的RSD≤7.4%,加标回收率为79.5%~95.0%,提取率为74.6%~90.4%。  相似文献   

17.
建立了王水水浴消解-原子荧光法测定土壤中砷汞的方法,确定还原剂为硼氢化钾,测砷和汞时硼氢化钾的最优质量分数分别为2%和0.05%,载流为5%盐酸。该法砷和汞分别在质量浓度0.0~40.0μg/L和0.00~4.00μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均0.999 5,砷和汞的检出限分别为0.009和0.001 mg/kg,相对标准偏差分别为3.90%和2.67%,加标回收率分别为94.1%~107.6%和92.0%~104.0%。采用本法对国家标准土壤样品和东海县部分农田土壤样品进行测定分析,结果良好,表明该法操作简单、灵敏度高、实用性好,适用于土壤中砷和汞的测定。  相似文献   

18.
In addition to a control Crassostrea virginica was treated with 3 and 5 g As kgp-1 for 16 wks at ambient seawater salinity and temperature to determine the potential of C. virginica as an indicator of arsenic pollution. Prior to spawning, as much as 10.3±1.5, 12.7±2.7, and 14.1±3.7 g As gp-1 dry weight were accumulated in the total soft parts of oysters after treatment with ambient (control), 3 and 5 g As kg-1, respectively. Immediately after spawning, an increase in tissue arsenic concentration was observed in all treatments up to week 12, after which a decrease in tissue arsenic concentrations occurred despite continuous addition of arsenic to the seawater. During the uptake period, a significant inverse relationship existed between dry weight and tissue arsenic concentration, whereas a significant direct relationship was apparent between dry weight and tissue content. Arsenic concentration in the total soft parts is not significantly related to seawater arsenic concentration over the range of concentrations used in this study. In all three treatments, arsenic uptake as concentration (g gp-1) is not a significant linear function of time. Weight loss was significant but gradual during the first 16 wks of treatment and did not change significantly during the depuration period (wks 17–25). Tissue arsenic concentrations increased significantly in oysters from all three treatments during the depuration period. Generally, arsenic body burdens increased with increases in phytoplankton concentration and it appears that food contributes more to arsenic uptake than seawater arsenic concentrations. Since a relationship between tissue arsenic concentration and seawater arsenic concentration does not appear to exist, C. virginica would not be a good biological indicator of arsenic concentration in its environment.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号