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1.
建立了液液萃取一气相色谱三重四极杆质谱多反应监测同时测定水中16种持久性有机氯污染物的方法,考察了不同萃取剂不同体积对有机氯萃取效率的影响,确定了16种持久性有机氯化合物多反应监测模式(MRM)的最佳质谱条件。方法检出限为0.33 ~ 0.65 ng/L,以纯水为基体,加入16种不同浓度水平的持久性有机氯化合物作回收试验,测得回收率在80.2% ~ 103.6%之间,测定的相对标准偏差4.0% ~11.5%(n=7)。  相似文献   

2.
根据中国环境监测总站《关于开展雨雪冰冻灾害后期应急监测工作的通知》(总站综字[2008]19号)要求,新疆环境监测总站于2008年2月15日下发了《关于开展雨雪冰冻灾害后期应急监测工作的通知》(新环监站字[2008]2号),组织相关地、州、市环境监测站开展了区内重点地表水体和重点污染源的应急监测工作,以防范次生环境污染事故的发生。  相似文献   

3.
根据环保部《关于举办2011年全国环境应急监测演练活动的通知》(环办[2011]60号)文件的精神,新疆环境监测总站于2011年8月16日在头屯河开展了环境应急监测演练活动。自治区环保厅对本次演练活动非常重视,多次召开会议进行安排部署,自治区环保厅王联社副厅长作为本次活动的总指挥,亲自为演练方案出谋划策,并参加了多次预...  相似文献   

4.
4-氨基安替比林萃取分光光度法测地表水中挥发酚,当被测水样中挥发酚浓度超出校准曲线范围时,通常要重新取水样稀释后测定。今以萃取剂氯仿对萃取液进行适量稀释后直接测定,取得较满意结果,尤适用于应急监测。  相似文献   

5.
为组织江苏省各级环境监测站做好2010年环境监测工作,围绕2010年全省环保重点工作,江苏省环保厅编制印发了《2010年度江苏省环境监测工作目标考核办法》(苏环办[2010]93号),考核办法内容包括:先进的监测预警体系建设、减排监测体系建设、预警与应急监测、生态监测、农村环境质量监测、完善和创新环境质量监测、监测信息化与环境质量综合分析、质量管理、监测科研、创建文明行业等11大项34小项,总分105分(其中5分为附加分)。  相似文献   

6.
完善应急监测网络 提高环境管理能力   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
阐述了建立广东省环境应急监测网络的重要性,以及加大对环境应急监测网络建设投入、配套信息系统及公告制度建设的要求、方法、程序,并从完善应急监测网络,建立应急监测法规体系,加强应急监测队伍建设等方面对广东省环境应急监测体系的发展方向进行了探讨。  相似文献   

7.
气体检测器及其在环境污染事故应急监测中的应用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
介绍了常用挥发性有机污染物(VOC)检测器的特性,并阐述了光离子化检测器(PID)的原理,特点及其在环境污染事故应急监测中的应用。  相似文献   

8.
河流砷污染事件的应急监测响应与思考   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
应急监测是突发性环境污染事故处理的前提和关键。介绍丁大沙河含砷废水污染事件的应急监测工作,提出应急监测的方案和方法,应急响应监测对象和范围布设科学,方案调整及时,为迅速正确进行污染事件处理提供了科学快速的技术支持。并从建立应急监测网络,加强领导、强化监测队伍能力建设及加强污染源监控等方面,阐述了做好突发性环境污染事故应急监测工作的建议。  相似文献   

9.
建立了便携式顶空-气相色谱-质谱(HS-GC-MS)测定水中挥发性有机物的方法。以水中苯系物、卤代烃和氯代苯等VOCs为研究对象,在同一实验室内,使用3台便携式HS-GC-MS模拟现场应急监测环境开展检测活动,研究测定结果的再现性和准确度。实验结果表明,检测结果的相对标准偏差为0.7%~13%;绝大多数目标化合物测定结果的回收率为80%~120%。综合来看,方法的精密度和准确度基本满意,能够满足应急监测工作的需要。  相似文献   

10.
建立了在线固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用技术测定地表水中痕量磺胺类抗生素的方法。样品经滤膜过滤,HLB在线固相萃取小柱富集纯化,以Acquity BEH 130为分析柱,三重四极杆质谱进行检测,外标法定量。通过在线固相萃取,并对色谱和质谱等条件进行优化,该方法检出限为0.2~1.1 ng/L,回收率为80.6%~113%,相对标准偏差<10.6%,浓度范围内线性良好(r>0.9972),满足了磺胺类抗生素痕量分析测试的要求,且分析时间仅需17min。该方法灵敏度高、分析速度快,对于保障水环境安全,及时提供污染信息,有效应对环境应急突发事件具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

11.
The utilisation of Social Impact Assessment (SIA) in Iran is analysed in terms of its policy context and its application in practice. Five case studies where SIA was employed in conjunction with Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) for agricultural development projects are evaluated. In addition, the performance of the policy context is assessed. This research revealed that there are legal and institutional constraints to the effective functioning of SIA in Iran, and that there are deficiencies in the operating guidelines. There were serious problems associated with the way SIA was undertaken in all five case studies. Recommendations to improve the policy framework for the conduct of SIA are made. The recommendations advocate for a higher profile of SIA within legislation, for social issues to have greater emphasis in official guidelines for the conduct of EIA and SIA, and for a range of measures to increase the professionalism of SIA practice.  相似文献   

12.
In the framework of the development of new methods for measuring and monitoring soil pollution, this paper deals with the use of magnetic methodologies to monitor the heavy metals presence in soils. In particular it shows a procedure for collecting magnetic susceptibility measurements in order to interpret them as proxy variable for monitoring heavy metals in soils. Magnetic measurements are carried out using a magnetic susceptibility meter with two different probes for in situ field surveys. The experimental procedure is divided in two parts. In the first part we carry out laboratory tests aimed to evaluate, for both the probes, the effective investigation depth for soil, the measurement reproducibility under different conditions, and the influence of water content. We complete this part comparing in situ measurements obtained by means of two probes with different characteristics. In the second part we carry out tests to evaluate the relationships between heavy metal levels and magnetic susceptibility values of soil samples. We investigate the variability of the magnetic susceptibility measurements contaminating different soil samples with well known concentration of heavy metals. Moreover we study the correlation between magnetic susceptibility values and metal concentrations, determined by means of AAS, in soil samples collected during a field survey. Results suggest that a careful check of the experimental procedure play a crucial role for using magnetic susceptibility measurements for heavy metals in situ monitoring. This is very helpful both for improving the quality of data and for making simpler data interpretation.  相似文献   

13.
In order to evaluate the use of zebra mussels as biomonitors for metal bioavailability in the St. Lawrence River, we tested the hypothesis that the concentrations of 11 metals in zebra mussels vary significantly between sites along the river and that the season of collection and body size affect metal bioaccumulation. Mussels were collected at 14 sites during June 1996 and at monthly intervals at one site. Specimens were grouped in three size classes and their soft tissue was analyzed for As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. Significant size effects were found for Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. Spatial and seasonal variations in bioconcentration were significant for all metals. Spatial patterns in contamination that corresponded to known point sources of pollution or hydrology of the river were identified by principal component analysis. Seasonal variations can be attributed to the reproductive cycle of mussels and hydrological variability of the river. In comparison with values reported for zebra mussels in other contaminated sites in North America and Europe, levels of metal in the St. Lawrence River are low or intermediate. Our results show that when controlled for size and seasonal effects, zebra mussels represent a useful biomonitor for metal availability in the river and may offer an interesting alternative to native mussels and fish for such a role. Local contamination by some toxic metals is still a cause for concern in the St. Lawrence River.  相似文献   

14.
This paper presents the results of the determination of arsenic, antimony and selenium concentrations of inorganic speciation in surface water samples from Gniezno city (western Poland) and its neighborhood. The concentration of elements were up to 1.85 ng/ml for arsenic, 1.61 ng/ml for antimony and 0.45 ng/ml for selenium (detection limits: 0.04 ng/ml for As and Sb and 0.03 ng/ml for Se). A variety of concentrations for the determined elements has been obtained in waters from Gniezno city’s neighborhood and in water from down-town reservoirs which are under strong anthropogenic pressure.  相似文献   

15.
《地下水管理条例》自2021年12月1日起施行,但是由于《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)未明确其中的金属指标是检测可溶态含量还是总量,导致各检测机构在检测过程中的采样和前处理环节存在较多不确定之处。梳理了国内外地下水监测相关标准和规范,并进行了实验比对,经分析得出以下结论:铜、铅、锌、铁、锰的可溶态含量和总量检测结果存在明显差异,其中,铁和铅检测结果的差异最明显,铁和锰检测结果的差异会影响地下水质量类别判定。《地下水质量标准》中的金属指标应检测可溶态,包括汞、砷和硒。充分洗井后采集的地下水样品存在一定的浑浊度是合理的。完成采集的地下水金属指标检测样品中不应包含沉淀相。测定地下水可溶态汞、砷和硒时,如采用原子荧光法,则需对样品进行消解;如采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法,则无需对样品进行消解。在此基础上,对地下水采样及前处理关键环节和地下水检测管理工作提出了相关建议。  相似文献   

16.
This paper describes one example of how the UK National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS) is implemented in a local urban environment. The paper reviews the beginning of this process, by examining the review and assessment procedures of the NAQS in the London Borough of Barnet. By the application of available UK tools of local air quality management (LAQM), the process began through analysis of the levels of local emissions and progressed onto modelling of current and future air quality. A map showing combined emission hotspot areas for the Borough indicated and higher emission rates occur in the south of the Borough and along the major transport corridors, as road sources dominate emissions. Dispersion modelling studies were also conducted for this purpose, using the screening models GRAM, PGRAM and ADMS Urban for an in-depth assessment. These analyses found that some local point sources and the majority of Borough roads with over 20,000 vehicles per day produced exceedances of the future objectives for air quality for some pollutants.Recommendations for the progression of LAQM in the Borough are made and include the update and expansion of the emissions information held for use in future modelling studies. The paper demonstrates the experience of implementing the Strategy, using the tools and procedures available for this purpose, in a local urban environment that is similar to many in the UK.  相似文献   

17.
室内空气甲醛的现场快速监测技术已成为环境监测的热点研究领域,旨在为普通家庭提供室内空气甲醛现场监测方法。优化了甲醛吸收液用量、自然吸收时间及吸收液与空气接触面积对监测方法的影响,制作了用于目测室内空气中甲醛含量的标准比色卡,方法简便、快速、经济、实用,可望在普通家庭中得到广泛应用。  相似文献   

18.
回顾了我国酸雨监测点位设置的有关规范,讨论了目前我国例行酸雨监测网络点位设置存在的问题,并对未来例行酸雨监测网络点位设置提出了建议.  相似文献   

19.
One feature of climate change is the trends to earlier spring onset in many north temperate areas of the world. The timing of spring flowering and leafing of perennial plants is largely controlled by temperature accumulation; both temperature and phenological records illustrate changes in recent decades. Phenology studies date back over a century, with extensive databases existing for western Canada. Earlier spring flowering has been noted for many woody plants, with larger trends seen for species that develop at spring's start. Implications for ecosystems of trends to earlier spring arrival include changes in plant species composition, changes in timing and distribution of pests and disease, and potentially disrupted ecological interactions. While Alberta has extensive phenology databases (for species, years, and geographic coverage) for recent decades, these data cannot provide continuous ground coverage. There is great potential for phenological data to provide ground validation for satellite imagery interpretation, especially as new remote sensors are becoming available. Phenological networks are experiencing a resurgence of interest in Canada (www.plantwatch.ca) and globally, and linking these ground-based observations with the view from space will greatly enhance our capacity to track the biotic response to climate changes.  相似文献   

20.
Results from two 'Mussel Watch'-type monitoring programs were compared: the Réseau National d'Observation de la qualité du milieu marin (RNO), the French monitoring network, and the Mussel Watch Project of the U.S. National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program. 80 RNO sites (47 for mussels and 33 for oysters) and 89 NS&T sites (45 for mussels and 44 for oysters) provided a basis for the comparison of median concentrations of commonly measured trace metals (mercury, lead, zinc, cadmium and copper) and organic chemicals. Lower lead and lindane concentrations in the U.S. were explained by their respective history of use. Differences in Zn and Cu, essential elements for both mussels and oysters, could be due to specific internal regulation processes. Higher cadmium concentrations in the U.S. are possibly related to U.S. coastal areas being richer in nutrients or to a lesser use of this element as a general anticorrosive in France. We could not find any plausible explanation for higher mercury concentrations in France. This first attempt of a comparison of national chemical monitoring programs raises the need for deeper understanding of possible contamination sources.  相似文献   

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