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针对昌吉市硫磺沟矿区煤矿开采引起的地表沉陷及其对矿区地表及环境破坏的影响,以减轻地表沉陷危害程度、恢复矿区所在地的生态功能为目标,按照采矿区塌陷类型、塌陷坑大小及塌陷区地理环境,采用不同的土地整治与生态恢复措施,在防治和控制矿区地表沉陷引起的生态破坏及生态环境保护方面取得很好的成果与经验. 相似文献
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以盐城海滨湿地这一脆弱生态系统为对象进行了生态风险评价方法的探讨,针对其生态环境的特点,通过对盐城海滨湿地的环境问题的描述,分析了它的风险源、风险受体和评价终点,建立了盐城海滨湿地生态风险评价的评价指标体系,对其生态风险评价方法进行了探索。 相似文献
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江苏省某城市由于规划发展的需要,陆续搬迁了一批高污染的化工企业。现调查发现其中一家化工厂原厂址存在严重的重金属污染问题,现采集多个表层土壤样品,对样品中的多种重金属(Pb,Cu,Cr,Ni,Zn和Cd)的总量进行分析测试,发现搬迁区土壤重金属累积效应显著,除Zn和Ni外,其它重金属平均含量均超过其背景值,其中Cd的含量是其背景值的324倍,Pb是背景值的1.8倍。重金属的富集顺序为PbCrZnCdCuNi.不同功能区各种重金属的平均含量均不同,其中仅以绿地重金属累积最少,生产区、排放区和设备维修区累积较为严重,为高浓度污染区。生产活动和处理排放已成为影响研究区土壤环境质量的主要因素;研究区土壤具有极强的重金属污染潜在生态危害,其中Cd为极强潜在生态危害。所以,该企业搬迁区土壤重金属积累显著,Pb,Cd和Cr将是该企业原址厂土壤的重点污染物,需要重点控制和修复。 相似文献
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深圳滨海大道工程的生态影响与生态补偿 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过运用景观生态学原理对滨海大道工程中生态环境的损失及生态补偿的阐述,指出了道路工程的实施必须充分考虑生态环境损失及相应的生态建设,以利于区域内生态环境良好发展. 相似文献
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曹妃甸围填海工程的环境影响回顾性评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
围填海回顾性评价是一项涉及面广、内容复杂的分析评价工作。要做出准确、科学的评价,就必须有一套科学的后评价方法和指标体系,评价出项目实际目标与可行性研究阶段预测情况的偏离度,从而比较客观地做出评判。文章建立了围填海工程的海洋生态环境影响回顾性评价指标体系、评价标准与评价方法,并综合运用层次分析法对曹妃甸围填海工程的海洋生态、水动力环境、水质环境和底质环境影响进行回顾性综合评价。该方法克服了传统定性评价的主观性缺点,从而得出比较客观、科学的评价结果,为衡量和分析曹妃甸围填海工程对海洋环境的累积影响及后期围填海工程的环境管理与决策提供了依据。 相似文献
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淮河流域河南段水生植物多样性评价及其影响因素分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过对淮河流域河南段开展野外调查及室内监测,分析河流水生植物类群组成及优势物种,从多样性、丰富度、优势度、均匀度4个方面对水生植物进行健康评价,采用CCA分析法探讨影响水生植物的关键环境因素。结果表明,淮河流域河南段共有水生植物38种,隶属于25科33属,分布广泛的优势种为芦苇、水花生、金鱼藻、轮叶黑藻、水蓼、水鳖、篦齿眼子菜。针对健康评价结果,淮河流域河南段水生植物呈现病态到健康状态。分析表明河流生态系统遭受破坏,生态系统呈现不稳定状况,主要原因为水质污染及人为活动干扰强烈。根据水生植物分布与水环境因子CCA响应关系研究,影响水生植物的主要因子为TP、COD、p H、电导率、氨氮。 相似文献
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新疆生态环境监测指标体系与评价方法探讨 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
针对新疆荒漠生态 环境的独特 环境特征,以准确、快捷、客观反映荒漠生态环境质量为目的,建立了区域性荒 漠生态环境监测指标体系和评价方法,充分发挥生态监测网络站和各行业监测站的作用,做到信息共享,通过在新疆生态环境监测和质量评价中进行实践,证明所建指标 体系 和评价方法 具有一定的科学性和实用价值。 相似文献
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以2005年以后太湖无锡区域底质为研究对象,分析了太湖底泥中重金属的含量分布及富集状况,采用地积累指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对重金属的生态危害进行评价。结果表明:太湖无锡区域底质受重金属轻度污染,含量高于全国水系沉积物平均值;地积累指数法显示太湖无锡区域底质中重金属污染排序为Cu=As〉Pb〉Zn〉Cr〉Cd〉Hg;金属对太湖无锡区域底质构成的潜在生态危害由强到弱为Hg〉Cu〉As〉Cd〉Pb〉Cr〉Zn;从区域上看,2种评价方法均表明底质中重金属危害程度为宜兴沿岸区〉梅梁湖〉五里湖〉贡湖无锡水域。 相似文献
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塔里木河流域的生态环境质量综合评价研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用切实可行的指标体系综合评价塔里木河流域生态环境质量,对流域的近期综合治理以及其它环境建设工程都具有很强的参考和指导意义。本文结合已有的研究成果,首次运用RS/GIS技术,参考2003年中国环境监测总站颁布的《生态环境质量评价方法》。以塔里木河流域的42个县(市)为评价单元,对塔里木河流域生态环境质量进行综合评价。结果表明,整个塔里木河流域的生态环境质量属较差和差级,其中干流上游与四源流经地区环境质量略好于其它地区。天山南麓、环塔里木盆地北部及西部绿洲区的生态环境状况优于环塔里木盆地南缘的和田地区,评价结果符合实际情况。 相似文献
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干旱区内陆艾比湖流域平原区景观生态安全评价研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在构建基于景观尺度的生态安全评价模型基础上,分析了1990-2005年干旱区内陆艾比湖流域平原区的景观生态安全变化特征。结果表明:研究区景观生态安全状况可以分为3个层次,并以河流、湖泊及沼泽为主的湿地景观所在区域的生态安全程度相对较高。1990-2005年,研究区生态安全状况呈现"V"字型变化趋势,其中生态安全评价指数相对较低区域的面积所占比例呈现先增加后减少、总体上趋于增加的状态;而生态安全指数相对较高区域的面积所占比例呈现先减少后增加、总体上趋于减少的状态。 相似文献
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乌伦古湖水质现状及污染防治对策 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
着重对乌伦古湖所监测的项目作了全面系统的分析,评价了该湖的水环境质量,指出乌伦古湖水质的主要问题是严重咸化,这是该湖可持续发展的最大障碍。并指出做好湖区规划,增加水源供给,加强污水处理和湿地建设,是乌伦古湖未来发展的有利措施。 相似文献
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Environmental Monotoring and Assessment Program: Current Status of Virginian Province (U.S.) Estuaries 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Charles J. Strobel Henry W. Buffum Sandra J. Benyi John F. Paul 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1999,56(1):1-25
Monitoring of indicators of the ecological condition of bays, tidal rivers, and estuaries within the Virginian Biogeographic Province (Cape Cod, Massachusetts to Cape Henry, Virginia) was conducted annually by the U.S. EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) during the summer months of 1990 to 1993. Data were collected at 425 probability-based stations within the Province. Indicators monitored included water quality (temperature, salinity, water clarity, and dissolved oxygen concentration), sediment contamination, sediment toxicity, benthic community structure, fish community structure, and fish gross external pathology. Data were used to estimate the current status of the ecological condition of Virginian Province estuarine resources, and provide a baseline for identifying possible future changes. Estimates, with 95% confidence limits, of the areal extent of impacted resources within the Province are provided. Data are also presented by estuarine class (large estuaries, small estuarine systems, and large tidal rivers). Results show that, overall, approximately half of the estuarine waters of the Virginian Province can be classified as impacted based on multiple indicators, with hypoxia being the major stressor. 相似文献
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Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Network's Proposed Core Monitoring Variables: An Early Warning of Environmental Change 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
This article reports on the evaluation of existing ecologicalmonitoring variables from a variety of sources to select a suiteof core variables suitable for monitoring at the Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Network (EMAN) sites located acrossCanada. The purpose of EMAN is to promote the acquisition of relevant and consistent data that can be used to report on national trends and provide an early warning of ecosystem change. Existing monitoring variables were evaluated in twosteps. In the first step, three primary criteria were used to pre-screen preliminary variables. In the second step, a moredetailed evaluation considered twenty criteria based on dataquality, applicability, data collection methods, data analysisand interpretation, existing data and programs, and cost effectiveness to select a draft set of core monitoring variables(CMV). An ecological framework was developed to organize the CMVin a manner that permitted a gap analysis to confirm the CMV assessed a wide range of relevant environment components. Thesuite of CMV were then tested to determine their effectiveness in detecting ecosystem change caused by stressors with ecosystemresponses that have been well documented in the literature. Thisproject is part of a process lead by Environment Canada to select CMV to detect and track ecosystem change at EMAN sites. It is anticipated that the proposed CMV will undergo future discussion and development leading to the final selection of asuite of CMV for use at EMAN sites. 相似文献
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We show that the Annual Forest Inventory System (AFIS) being developed by the USDA Forest Service and tested in the state of Minnesota is no more costly than the periodic Minnesota forest inventory (12 year measurement cycle). Since very useful results could be generated with AFIS every 4 years in addition to the results from the periodic survey, a continuous inventory would be cost effective. Periodic surveys yield more precise estimates within the first few years of the full survey but afterwards the annual survey would be more precise. Where the changeover in precision occurs still needs to be determined. This cost-neutral advantage of AFIS is quite important to note since the USFS has decided to go to annualized inventories such as AFIS this year. 相似文献