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1.
石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定大气降水中镉镍铅   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定大气降水中镉、镍、铅,优化了试验条件。镉在0ug/L-5.00ug/L范围、镍和铅在0ug/L-20.0ug/L范围内线性良好,镉、镍、铅的检出限分别为0.03ug/L、0.79ug/L、1.37ug/L,大气降水样品测定的RSD为0.8%-2.6%,加标回收率为96.0%-106%。  相似文献   

2.
微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定植物中汞和砷   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
采用微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定植物中汞和砷,优化了试验条件。汞在0μg/L-1.00μg/L、砷在0μg/L~20.0μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限汞为0.005mg/kg(以取0.1g样品消解定容至10mL计),砷为0.010mg/kg(以取0.1g样品消解定容至25mL计),植物样品测定的RSD≤4.5%,加标回收率为90.0%~107%。  相似文献   

3.
采用快速溶剂提取-Florisil固相萃取柱净化-气相色谱法测定土壤中多氯联苯单体,探讨了有机氯农药对测定的干扰。方法在0ug/L-100ug/L范围内线性良好,19种多氯联苯单体的检出限为0.06ug/kg-0.36ug/kg,基体加标回收率为78.6%-120%,RSD为0.2%-5.1%。  相似文献   

4.
吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水中松节油   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
采用吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水中松节油,优化了试验条件。方法在0ug/L-625ug/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0.006mg/L,标准样品测定的相对标准偏差为3.4%,实际样品的加标回收率为88.0%-110%。  相似文献   

5.
本文应用AFS-230E型原子荧光光度计同时测定水中砷和硒,选择最佳仪器条件,As检出限为0.0793μg/L,se检出限为0.0068μg/L,As加标回收率为97.7%~102%,Se加标回收率为97.6%-103%,精密度和准确度满足分析要求,通过研究确定仪器和方法条件测定地表水中砷和硒,大大提高分析效率。  相似文献   

6.
流动注射分光光度法测定环境水样中镉   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
建立了镉-氨水·氯化铵缓冲溶液-对偶氮苯重氮氨基偶氮磺酸-甲醛高灵敏度显色体系下,采用流动注射技术测定环境水样中镉的方法,优化了试验条件,讨论了共存离子与色度的影响及消除办法。方法在6.00μg/L~460μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0.1μg/L,实际水样测定的加标回收率为986%~102%。  相似文献   

7.
联合应用高效雾化器、缝式石英管火焰原子吸收法,采用萃取富集技术测定砷,使砷的灵敏度改善267倍,同时消除了大量盐类的干扰,避免了钠、铝等对石英管的损坏。考察了溶液酸度、碘化钾用量、共存离子等因素对实验的影响。该方法的线性范围为0~25μg/L,检出限为。3μg/L,相对标准偏差为3.2%,回收率为97.8%~101.0%,用于环境水样中痕量砷的监测,结果令人满意。  相似文献   

8.
采用微波消解电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定废气中的铅、镉、砷,在优化的试验条件下,方法在0 mg/L~5.00 mg/L范围内线性良好,铅、镉、砷的检出限分别为0.250 μg/m3、0.125 μg/m3、0.375 μg/m3(按采样体积400 L、定容体积50 mL计),空白滤筒平行测定6次的RSD为2.3%~10.5%,加标回收率为83% ~ 112%,与标准方法的测定结果无显著差异.  相似文献   

9.
火焰原子吸收光谱法测定锰矿恢复区植物中重金属   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
采用硝酸-高氯酸消解体系、火焰原子吸收光谱法测定锰矿恢复区植物中重金属元素。方法线性良好,锰、铅、铜、铬、镉的检出限分别为0.026mg/L、0.011mg/L、0.004mg,/L、0.025mg/L、0.001mg/L,标准样品的测定结果符合要求,植物样品平行测定的RSD≤1.6%,加标回收率为83.4%-97.6%。  相似文献   

10.
采用微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定大气细颗粒物中的砷,确定了最佳样品处理方法与测定条件。方法在0μg/L~40.0μg/L范围内线性良好,标准曲线相关系数达0.999以上,检出限为0.01μg/L。土壤标准品的测定值在标准值范围内,大气PM2.5滤膜样品加标回收率为96.0%~102%,5次平行测定的RSD为1.5%~3.6%。  相似文献   

11.
云南个旧土壤农作物重金属污染特征及潜在风险   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在实地调查和实验室分析的基础上,对云南省个旧市大屯镇土壤农作物重金属污染状况进行了评价。结果显示:个旧市大屯镇调查区域土壤中Pb、Zn、Cd、As平均质量分数分别为943. 5、454. 8、3. 4、302. 1 mg/kg,分别为国家农用地土壤污染风险管控标准筛选值的7. 8、1. 8、11. 2、10. 1倍,土壤污染严重。土壤Cd的生态危害最强,As、Pb的生态危害次之,Zn表现为轻微的生态危害。从潜在生态危险指数来看,所采集的土壤样品皆表现为极强的生态危害。所采集农作物与食品安全国家标准对比,结果显示,大米中Pb、Cd和As的超标率分别为35%、55%和100%;玉米中Pb、Cd和As的超标率分别为13%、0%和0%;小苦菜Pb、Cd和As的超标率分别为100%、60%、100%;小米菜中Pb、Cd和As的超标率均为100%,蔬菜类的重金属超标情况相对于谷物类较为严重。研究区域土壤样品总量Pb、Zn与有效态皆呈极显著正相关关系,总量Cd与有效态呈弱正相关关系,总量As与有效态表现为相关性不显著。  相似文献   

12.
Lead,cadmium, arsenic and zinc in the ecosystem surrounding a lead smelter   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A lead smelter has been operating at Belledune in the province of New Brunswick, in eastern Canada, since 1966. This paper presents data on the concentrations of the four primary metals emitted from the smelter — lead, cadmium, arsenic and zinc — which were measured in the terrestrial environment near the smelter and the concentrate transport route. Deposition of these metals to the snowpack and the uptake by grass forage are discussed in relation to non-regulatory guidelines, toxicity and atmospheric emissions. A 1992 snowpack transect survey extending 0.5–40 km northwest, southeast and south of the smelter revealed lead concentrations of 2–3193 ppb, cadmium <0.10–49.7 ppb, arsenic <3.0–72.0 ppb, and zinc 3–401 ppb. Deposition estimates within this zone for lead were between 0.046 and 20.1 kg/ha/yr, cadmium <0.007 and 313 g/ha/yr, arsenic <0.016 and 453 g/ha/yr and zinc 0.020 and 2.52 kg/ha/yr. Concentrations of these metals in the snowpack were highest within 3 km of the smelter and were detectable at greater distances SE of the smelter. Lead was dispersed greater distances from the smelter than cadmium or arsenic. Snowpack samples collected within 5–20 m of the railway contained 140–7270 ppb of lead, 0.4–36.9 ppb of cadmium, <3.0–72.0 ppb of arsenic and 41–13100 ppb of zinc. Grass forage sampled within 0.6–16 km of the smelter contained lead 5–152 ppm, cadmium 0.10–4.1 ppm, and zinc 22–154 ppm. Highest concentrations of lead, cadmium and zinc in grass forage were found were found within 2.2 km of the smelter. Grass forage collected within 10–70 m of the railway contained lead 13–288 ppm, cadmium 0.4–1.3 ppm and zinc 98–831 ppm.  相似文献   

13.
顶空气相色谱法在测定水中三氯乙醛的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究以DB-624交联石英毛细管柱分离,微电子捕获检测器-顶空气相色谱法测定水中三氯乙醛的应用,与以往的方法相比,准确可靠、省工省时省试剂,符合"绿色分析化学"的要求。最低检出限为0.2μg/L,标准偏差为0.028μg/L,相对标准偏差为6.0%,加标回收率为88.7%~109%。  相似文献   

14.
建立了王水水浴消解-原子荧光法测定土壤中砷汞的方法,确定还原剂为硼氢化钾,测砷和汞时硼氢化钾的最优质量分数分别为2%和0.05%,载流为5%盐酸。该法砷和汞分别在质量浓度0.0~40.0μg/L和0.00~4.00μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均0.999 5,砷和汞的检出限分别为0.009和0.001 mg/kg,相对标准偏差分别为3.90%和2.67%,加标回收率分别为94.1%~107.6%和92.0%~104.0%。采用本法对国家标准土壤样品和东海县部分农田土壤样品进行测定分析,结果良好,表明该法操作简单、灵敏度高、实用性好,适用于土壤中砷和汞的测定。  相似文献   

15.
铅冶炼区土壤重金属总量和有效态含量的函数分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采集铅冶炼企业周边3 000 m范围内220个表层土壤样品,测定了有毒有害元素铅、镉、砷和汞的总量和有效态含量,探讨了它们之间的关系。结果表明:研究区土壤受到汞、砷、铅、镉的污染依次明显严重,土壤重金属的总量和有效态含量的变异系数均大于100%,土壤镉、铅、汞、砷的生物有效性系数平均值分别为25.9%、17.2%、0.58%、0.11%。土壤铅、镉和砷的总量与其有效态含量呈显著正相关(P0.001),而汞的总量与其有效态含量的相关性不显著(P0.05)。土壤铅和镉的总量和有效态含量可以用直线函数和幂函数表达,函数反推的有效态值和对应统计值的变异系数不大于10%。  相似文献   

16.
应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对水样(地表水、饮用水等)中铜、锌、硒、砷、镉、铬、铅、铁、锰等痕量元素进行分析测定。结果表明,方法检出限为0.01~0.78μg/L,平行测定的相对标准偏差为0.6%~7.9%,实际水样加标回收率为90.5%~103%。该方法快速、简便、线性范围大,具有良好的检出限和准确度。  相似文献   

17.
Kelp may be useful as a bioindicator because they are primary producers that are eaten by higher trophic level organisms, including people and livestock. Often when kelp or other algae species are used as bioindicators, the whole organism is homogenized. However, some kelp can be over 25 m long from their holdfast to the tip of the blade, making it important to understand how contaminant levels vary throughout the plant. We compared the levels of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, manganese, mercury and selenium in five different parts of the kelp Alaria nana to examine the variability of metal distribution. To be useful as a bioindicator, it is critical to know whether levels are constant throughout the kelp, or which part is the highest accumulator. Kelp were collected on Adak Island in the Aleutian Chain of Alaska from the Adak Harbor and Clam Cove, which opens onto the Bering Sea. In addition to determining if the levels differ in different parts of the kelp, we wanted to determine whether there were locational or size-related differences. Regression models indicated that between 14% and 43% of the variation in the levels of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, manganese, mercury, and selenium was explained by total length, part of the plant, and location (but not for lead). The main contributors to variability were length (for arsenic and selenium), location (mercury), and part of the plant (for arsenic, cadmium, chromium and manganese). The higher levels of selenium occurred at Clam Cove, while mercury was higher at the harbor. Where there was a significant difference among parts, the holdfast had the highest levels, although the differences were not great. These data indicate that consistency should be applied in selecting the part of kelp (and the length) to be used as a bioindicator. While any part of Alaria could be collected for some metals, for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and manganese a conversion should be made among parts. In the Aleutians the holdfast can be perennial while the blade, whipped to pieces by winter wave action, is regrown each year. Thus the holdfast may be used for longer-term exposure for arsenic, cadmium, chromium and manganese, while the blade can be used for short-term exposure for all metals. Cadmium, lead and selenium were at levels that suggest that predators, including people, may be at risk from consuming Alaria. More attention should be devoted to heavy metal levels in kelp and other algae from Adak, particularly where they may play a role in a subsistence diets.  相似文献   

18.
高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱联用分析土壤中形态砷   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)-原子荧光光谱(AFS)联用技术分析土壤中亚砷酸盐[As(Ⅲ)]、二甲基砷(DMA)、一甲基砷(MMA)和砷酸盐[As(Ⅴ)]等4种形态砷,以磷酸为提取剂、抗坏血酸为还原剂,优化了水浴提取条件。As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA和As(Ⅴ)在7 min之内实现了完全分离,在1.00μg/L~100μg/L范围内线性良好,实验室检出限分别为0.25μg/L、0.36μg/L、0.39μg/L和0.51μg/L,土壤标准样品平行测定的RSD≤7.4%,加标回收率为79.5%~95.0%,提取率为74.6%~90.4%。  相似文献   

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