日本颁布二噁废气排放标准

日本环境厅颁布二口恶口英类废气排放标准 ,2 0 0 0年 1月开始实施。按排放设施不同要求 ,新建废弃物焚烧炉 0 1ｎｇ/ｍ3～ 0 5ｎｇ/ｍ3,炼钢电炉 0 5ｎｇ/ｍ3,钢铁烧结设施 0 1ｎｇ/ｍ3,锌回收设施 1ｎｇ/ｍ3,铝合金制造设施 1ｎｇ/ｍ3。这一排放标准先试行 1年 ,2 0 0 1年正式执行。日本颁布二噁废气排放标准@洪蔚     

浅谈千岛湖旅游与环境协调发展对策与措施

1　千岛湖基本概况千岛湖原名新安江水库 ,是 1 959年新安江电站建成以后形成的人工湖泊。水域面积 573ｋｍ2 ,东西长 60ｋｍ ,南北宽 50ｋｍ ,正常水位 1 0 8ｍ ,平均水深 34ｍ ,相应库容量 1 78 4亿ｍ3,多年平均入库水量 94 5亿ｍ3,经大坝出库水量 91 0 7亿ｍ3,多年平均径流量 48 5亿ｍ3,湖中有大小岛屿1 0 78个 ,森林覆盖率 93% ,绿视率近 1 0 0 %。千岛湖具有发电 ,防洪 ,灌溉 ,供水 ,养殖 ,航运 ,旅游等多项功能。 1 982年被国务院确定为国家级风景名胜区 ,1 986年被林业部定为国家级森林公园。2　千岛湖旅游业发展状况经过 2 0年的发…     

矿物油测定中空白用水的处理

水中低含量矿物油可用紫外分光光度法测定,空白用水的质量直接影响测定结果的准确性。油在天然水中存在的状态有３种,即当油的粒径大于１００μｍ时浮于水面,在１０μｍ～１００μｍ间悬浮于水内,小于１０μｍ则稳定分散于水中,这３种状态就是通常所讲的不溶、可溶和...     

湖南未耕种土壤中~(234、238)U、~(226)Ra、~(210)Po和~(210)Pb的分布和移动规律的研究

本文采集了湖南省十三个地区未耕种的０８０ｃｍ不同类型土壤样品，分别测定了０１０ｃｍ、２０３０ｃｍ、４０５０ｃｍ、７０８０ｃｍ样品中的２３４、２３８Ｕ、２２６Ｒａ、２１０Ｐｂ、２１０Ｐｏ含量，研究了土壤中铀系放射性核素分布影响和移动规律     

大气中TSP,SO2浓度近地面垂直分布规律的研究

通过对ＴＳＰ、ＳＯ２浓度在不同高度实测研究．得出平顶山市ＳＯ２在１．５ｍ至２０ｍ不同高度监测，高度影响无显著性差异；ＴＳＰ在５ｍ至１５ｍ不同高度监测，高度影响无显著性差异。     

二安替比林苯基甲烷光度法测锰的研究

研究了二安替比林苯基甲烷（ Ｄ Ａ Ｍ Ｍ ）与锰（Ⅳ）的显色反应条件,在磷酸介质中, Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）存在下, Ｄ Ａ Ｍ Ｍ 与 Ｍ ｎ（Ⅳ）反应生成橙色产物,λｍ ａｘ＝ ４８５ ｎｍ ,ε＝ ３．３２×１０４ Ｌ·ｍ ｏｌ－ １·ｃｍ － １,锰含量在００８～１ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ符合比耳定律。用于废水和不经分离直接用于铝合金中锰的测定,结果满意。     

大气微生物的研究──大气细菌粒数中值直径及粒度分布

本文用ＡＮＤＥＲＳＥＮ生物粒子采样器在沈阳市对大气细菌粒数中值直径（ＣＭＤ）及粒度分布进行了一年的观测。结果表明，沈阳市大气细菌年平均粒数中值直径为７．５μｍ。夏季大，为８．１μｍ；冬季小，７．１μｍ。不同地点的大气细菌粒数中值直径变化范围是６．６～９．０μｍ。一天内变化不大，７：ＯＯ时较大，为７．６μｍ；夜间ｌ：００时较小，６．８μｍ。大气细菌粒子的粒度分布是从１～６级粒数百分比逐级减小．     

光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪快速测定空气中苯系物

本文研究了使用光离子化检测器便携式气相色谱仪，直接测定空气中ｍｇ／ｍ３级苯系物（苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻、间、对位的二甲苯及异丙苯）的快速分析方法。方法的线性范围为０～１００ｍｇ／ｍ３，相关系数均在０．９９９以上，方法的变异系数分别为２．９～１２．５％（５ｍｇ／ｍ３），３．４～７．９％（３０ｍｇ／ｍ３），方法最低检测限达０．２～１．０ｍｇ／ｍ３。     

兰州城区大气粒子态汞的污染状况

通过调查发现在市工业区，粒子态汞浓度高，冬，夏平均值为０．９１和１．００ｎｇ／ｍ＾３，最高达１．９２ｎｇ／ｍ＾３，冬夏季无显著性差异，秋季浓度低，交通频繁区和交通商业混合区冬季平均值０．４５ｎｇ／ｍ＾３，夏季０．４９ｎｇ／ｍ＾３在清洁区大部分在０．１０ｎｇ／ｍ＾３左右，最低０．０７０ｎｇ／ｍ＾３，显示夏季和城区粒子态汞浓度偏高的特征。工业区粒子态汞主要是由人为污染产生的气态汞吸附在同一污染源的粒尘     

萘的极谱测定法及其应用

研究了萘的极谱吸附波及其性质。萘在５０％ Ｎ,Ｎ－二甲基甲酰胺和０．１ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ氨－氯化铵介质中于－ １．０５ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处产生一波形好的二阶导数极谱波。在此实验条件下,萘浓度在５．００×１０－ ６ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ～５．００×１０－ ４ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ范围内与导数波峰电流（Ｉｐ）呈良好的线性关系。检测下限为５．００×１０－ ６ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ。本方法可测煤、卫生球和沥青中的萘含量。     

Indicating appropriate groundwater tables for desert river-bank forest at the Tarim River, Xinjiang, China

Based on data collected over 2 years of monitoring the lower reaches of the Tarim River, the groundwater table depth was divided into six classes; 0 to 2 m, 2 to 4 m, 4 to 6 m, 6 to 8 m, 8 to 10 m, >10 m. We investigated the vegetation in this area to measure the influence of groundwater table depth on plant diversity and species ecological niche. The results indicated that plant diversity was highest at the 2 to 4 m groundwater table depth, followed by that at 4 to 6 m, and then that at 0 to 2 m. When the groundwater depth dropped to below 6 m, species diversity decreased dramatically, and the slope of Hill's index tended to level off. The ecological niche of the major species in this area initially expanded as the groundwater level dropped. The widest niche appeared at the 4 to 6 m groundwater table depth and gradually narrowed with deepening groundwater. Ecological niche analysis also revealed that the 4 to 6 m groundwater table depth was associated with the lowest degree of niche overlap and the richest variety of species. Our findings indicate that in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, the groundwater table depth must be a minimum of 6 m for vegetation restoration; it should be maintained at 2 to 4 m in the vicinity of the water path, and at 4 to 6 m for the rest of this arid area.     

Assessment of lead, zinc, copper, nickel and chromium in total suspended particulate matter from the workplace in Al-Rusayl Industrial Estate, Oman

Total suspended particulates (TSP) were collected with a high volume sampler from the indoor work environment of 23 industries in Al-Rusayl Industrial Estate in Muscat, Oman. The values measured ranged from 39 microg m(-3) to 1033 microg m(-3). TSP in the ambient air of the area was found to have an average value of 1802 microg m(-3). TSP were analyzed for Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cr. Compared to other metals, Pb emission was high with values ranging from 3 to 15 109 ng m(-3) with the mean value being 1 293 ng m(-3); Cu concentration varied from 3 to 2600 ng m(-3) with a mean value of 131 ng m(-3); Ni concentration ranged from 6 to 46 ng m(-3) with a mean value of 17 ng m(-3); Cr concentration ranged from 1 to 133 ng m(-3) with a mean value of 23 ng m(-3) while that of Zn varied from 0.01 to 1 978 ng m(-3) with the mean value being 464 ng m(-3). The concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, and Zn in the ambient air were also measured and found to have the following values: 122, 18, 16, 5 and 0.01 ng m(-3), respectively. These values indicate that the industries in the area do not contribute significantly to heavy metal air pollution.     

北京城市副中心海绵城市建设对地下水环境影响评价

以城市副中心北运河西岸湿地（甘棠大桥段）作为典型面状海绵体,利用2018年5月—9月采集的300组地表水和地下水监测数据,分析典型海绵体地下水水化学特征及形成机制,探讨不同含水层之间水力联系,并以Cl-为指示因子,结合其他水化学指标研究分析典型面状海绵体建设背景下地下水与地表水之间的交互作用及影响程度。结果显示,在垂向上,10 m、20 m含水层地下水之间联系密切,且受大气降水影响明显;在平面上,地表水对10 m、20 m含水层组地下水的影响距离为90 m～120 m,地表水对30 m含水层组地下水的影响距离为80 m～90 m。     

南京市冬季大气颗粒态汞的分布特征

采集了南京市2012年冬季4个功能区的PM2．5、PM10、TSP样品，对不同粒径大气颗粒物中的颗粒态汞测试。结果表明，南京冬季大气颗粒物TSP中汞的质量浓度为49．26 pg/m3～257．14 pg/m3，平均质量浓度为161．27 pg/m3；PM10中汞的质量浓度为44．82 pg/m3～228．29 pg/m3，平均质量浓度为147．38 pg/m3；PM2．5中汞的质量浓度为35．98 pg/m3～178．58 pg/m3，平均质量浓度为104．10 pg/m3。不同功能区大气颗粒态汞质量浓度的分布趋势为：交通综合区＞旅游区＞住宿综合区＞商业区。大气颗粒态汞60％以上存在于可吸入肺的PM2．5中，细颗粒物富集汞的能力比粗颗粒物强。     

一次连续在线观测分析天津市细颗粒物污染特征

根据2005年的5月17日—5月23日GR IMM(1.109#)谱分析仪在线观测结果考察天津市细颗粒物浓度和质量浓度特征。观测期间,天津市颗粒物数浓度平均值为1 124 cm-3,粒径分布为0.25μm~0.60μm,98.5%粒子的粒径0.65μm。同期PM10日均质量浓度值为204μg/m3,ρ(PM2.5)为104μg/m3,ρ(PM1.0)为82.9μg/m3。ρ(PM1.0)/ρ(PM2.5)超过80%,粒径1μm超细颗粒物为天津城市大气颗粒物的主要成分。     

Assessment of particulate matter in the urban atmosphere: size distribution, metal composition and source characterization using principal component analysis

In this study, the size distribution of airborne particles and related heavy metals Co, Cd, Sn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and V in two urban areas in Istanbul: Yenibosna and Goztepe, were examined. The different inhalable particles were collected by using a cascade impactor in eight size fractions (<0.4 μm, 0.4-0.7 μm, 1.1-2.1 μm, 2.1-3.3 μm, 3.3-4.7 μm, 4.7-5.8 μm, 5.8-9 μm and >9 μm) for six months at each station. Samples were collected on glass fiber filters and filters were extracted and analyzed using ICP-MS. Log-normal distributions showed that the particles collected at the Yenibosna site have a smaller size compared to the Goztepe samples and the size distribution of PM was represented the best by the tri-modal. The average total particle concentrations and standard deviations were obtained as 67.7 ± 17.0 μg m(-3) and 82.1 ± 21.2 μg m(-3), at the Yenibosna and G?ztepe sites, respectively. The higher metal rate in fine and medium coarse PM showed that the anthropogenic sources were the most significant pollutant source. Principal component analysis identified five components for PM namely traffic, road dust, coal and fuel oil combustion, and industrial.     

乌鲁木齐市可吸入颗粒物污染水平及其与气象因素的相关性分析

为了解可吸入颗粒物污染水平与气象因素之间的关系,从2008年9月—2010年2月采集乌鲁木齐市可吸入颗粒物样品,并对其随时间的变化特征及其与气象因素之间的相关性进行了统计分析。结果表明,采样时间内可吸入颗粒物中PM2.5和PM2.5-10的质量浓度的范围分别为38.2~468.7μg/m3和20.8~243.1μg/m3,平均浓度分别为134.2μg/m3和69.2μg/m3。可吸入颗粒物同时受几种气象因素的影响,其浓度与温度、能见度、风速呈负相关,与湿度呈正相关。     

A positive chemical ionization GC/MS method for the determination of airborne ethylene glycol and propylene glycols in non-occupational environments

An analytical method for ethylene glycol and propylene glycols has been developed for measuring airborne levels of these chemicals in non-occupational environments such as residences and office buildings. The analytes were collected on charcoal tubes, solvent extracted, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a positive chemical ionization technique. The method had a method detection limit of 0.07 microg m(-3) for ethylene glycol and 0.03 microg m(-3) for 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycols, respectively, based on a 1.44 m3 sampling volume. Indoor air samples of several residential homes and other indoor environments have been analyzed. The median concentrations of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol in nine residential indoor air samples were 53 microg m(-3) and 13 microg m(-3) respectively with maximum values of 223 microg m(-3) and 25 microg m(-3) detected for ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol respectively. The concentrations of these two chemicals in one office and two laboratories were at low microg m(-3) levels. The maximum concentration of 1,3-propylene glycol detected in indoor air was 0.1 microg m(-3).     

基于健康风险的三氯杀螨醇生产设备表面污染物筛选值推算的初步研究

运用确定性和概率性人体健康风险评估的方法,推算一般工业暴露情景和拆卸清理暴露情景下三氯杀螨醇生产设备表面污染物的筛选值.结果表明:p,p'-滴滴涕、p,p'-滴滴滴和p,p'-滴滴依基于确定性风险评估的设备表面筛选值在一般工业暴露情景下分别为0.224 mg/m2、0.214 mg/m2和0.151 mg/m2,在拆卸...