机动车环保检验机构信用评价体系模型的构建

根据机动车环保检验相关指标的性质差异,将机动车环保检验机构信用评价模型设计为目标层、准则层、指标层3个层次,涵盖16个评价指标。应用层次分析法,构造目标成对比较矩阵,计算各层次权重,求得各指标对信用评价的影响程度,从而建立信用评价指标体系模型。量化分析结果显示,准则层中质量管理、文明服务的权重分别为0.506 5、0.265 1,对评价结果影响较大;而机构管理、规范作业的权重分别为0.142 4、0.086 1,对评价结果影响较小。     

克拉玛依市环境科研监测中心站获得计量认证/审查认可(验收)资格证

为适应国际准则 ,国家技术监督局发布了新的《产品质量检验机构计量认证 /审查认可 (验收 )评审准则》 ,其内容更全面、更具体、更规范 ,它的出台标志着国家对各检测机构有了更高的要求。克拉玛依市环境科研监测中心站全体人员按照新《评审准则》的要求认真工作 ,经过一年多的努力 ,于 2 0 0 2年 1 2月底顺利通过了新疆维吾尔自治区技术监督局计量认证 /审查认可 (验收 )委组织的现场评审 ,2 0 0 3年 4月 1 4日获得了计量认证 /审查认可 (验收 )资格证。在该项工作中 ,克拉玛依市环境科研监测中心站走在了全疆环境监测系统的前列 ,使该站实…     

机动车环保检验质量管理工作探索

梳理总结了机动车环保检验工作中质量管理方面存在的问题,提出了改进的建议,探索了促进质量管理工作健康发展的有效途径。     

检验检测机构管理评审中常见的问题及对策

文章汇总分析了检验检测机构管理评审工作中的常见问题,从管理评审的前期策划、评审输入、评审实施、评审输出等方面提出了相应改进对策,为确保管理评审活动能够实现持续改进和完善管理体系的工作目标提供参考和借鉴。     

环保系统计量认证的工作程序

为帮助申请国家级计量认证的环保机构开展工作，介绍了环保系统计量认证的依据、认证机构、评审准则以及工作程序，并就计量认证的申请与受理程序、准备工作、评审步骤、整改与上报材料以及审批发证程序进行了阐述。     

环境监测机构计量认证中应注意的问题

《中华人民共和国计量法》规定,凡向社会提供公证数据的产品质量检验机构,必须经省级以上计量行政主管部门考核合格。环境监测机构出具的各类监测数据主要用于环境质量评价和环境监督管理,应具有准确性、公正性、权威性和科学性。因此,环境监测机构应按规定进行计量认证。2000年10月24日,国家质量技术监督局认证与实验室评审管理司发布了《产品质量检验机构计量认证/审查认可(验收)评审准则》(质技监函[2000]046号)(简称新《评审准则》),对原计量认证和审查认可(验收)考核制度作出相应的改革和调整。目前很多环境监测机构正在开展计量认…     

南京市机动车环保网络综合监管平台

近年来，机动车污染已成为城市影响大气环境的重要来源。为提升监管效能，南京市机动车排气污染监督管理中心致力于科技手段优化和管理模式创新，经过几年的开发和完善。建成了“机动车环保网络综合监管平台”。逐步实现了以有限的环保执法人员对南京市140万机动车的全方位监控管理。     

以电子环保标志为载体构建机动车污染控制物联网体系

以南京为例,探讨以电子环保标志为载体,以射频识别技术构建机动车污染控制物联网体系,通过绿色智能交通系统、公交优先通行系统、高污染车限行执法系统、不同排放标准车辆的通行控制系统、机动车环保远程核查系统、交通污染智能监测在线调控系统、机动车污染联防联控系统、职能部门信息共享系统的建立,达到控制机动车污染、改善交通拥堵、提高...     

江苏省环境监测站通过计量认证

江苏省环境监测站在一九九二年七月初计量认证初审后,经过认真整改,八月末由国家计量认证环保评审办公室主持,国家技术监督局江苏省计量局和本行业有关评审员等专家组成了对该站进行了正式评审.评审组认为该站组织机构功能健全,仪器设备较先进,并建立了有关计量器具的检定标准,能承担较多难度大与复杂的检测,检测全过程均有很好     

江苏省机动车排气污染监控体系探讨

机动车保有量的快速发展使得机动车排气污染已成为江苏省城市大气污染的重要来源。开展在用机动车排气污染的防治工作,建立切实有效的机动车排气污染监控体系刻不容缓。对江苏省机动车监控体系和保障体系的建设内容进行了探讨。     

A Procedure for NEPA Assessment of Selenium Hazards Associated With Mining

This paper gives step-by-step instructions for assessing aquatic selenium hazards associated with mining. The procedure was developed to provide the U.S. Forest Service with a proactive capability for determining the risk of selenium pollution when it reviews mine permit applications in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The procedural framework is constructed in a decision-tree format in order to guide users through the various steps, provide a logical sequence for completing individual tasks, and identify key decision points. There are five major components designed to gather information on operational parameters of the proposed mine as well as key aspects of the physical, chemical, and biological environment surrounding it — geological assessment, mine operation assessment, hydrological assessment, biological assessment, and hazard assessment. Validation tests conducted at three mines where selenium pollution has occurred confirmed that the procedure will accurately predict ecological risks. In each case, it correctly identified and quantified selenium hazard, and indicated the steps needed to reduce this hazard to an acceptable level. By utilizing the procedure, NEPA workers can be confident in their ability to understand the risk of aquatic selenium pollution and take appropriate action. Although the procedure was developed for the Forest Service it should also be useful to other federal land management agencies that conduct NEPA assessments, as well as regulatory agencies responsible for issuing coal mining permits under the authority of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) and associated Section 401 water quality certification under the Clean Water Act. Mining companies will also benefit from the application of this procedure because priority selenium sources can be identified in relation to specific mine operating parameters. The procedure will reveal the point(s) at which there is a need to modify operating conditions to meet environmental quality goals. By recognizing concerns early in the NEPA process, it may be possible for a mining company to match operational parameters with environmental requirements, thereby increasing the likelihood that the permit application will be approved.     

基于共享应用的环境监测GIS平台研究

环境监测GIS平台是应用GIS理论及工具为环境监测信息系统提供空间数据处理的专项应用共享平台,其建设过程往往包括3个部分:搭建环境监测GIS平台应用框架、建立环境监测GIS数据库、开发满足GIS集成需要的网络式服务组件。文章立足于环境监测共享应用,介绍了建立环境监测GIS平台数据库的基本方法,探讨了环境监测GIS平台的主要应用功能,分析了平台与其他应用系统的集成要点。     

The adequacy of training for EIA in the United States of America

The well-established environmental impact assessment requirements in the United States have given rise to a number of training needs within federal and state agencies. Requirements for training vary for EIA project managers, technical specialists, senior managers and others involved in EIA. Information needs about EIA vary also, but include general awareness, procedural knowledge, substantive methodological knowledge and technical knowledge. While EIA training is provided in short courses, on the job, and in universities there remain deficiencies in the training of specialists, senior managers, and others. Proposals are made here to help overcome these. This paper examines the needs and provisions for training in environmental impact assessment (EIA) in the USA federal system and in the system created by the California Environmental Quality Act. The investigation is based on the very limited literature on training, on responses to letters, on the printed material requested from agencies and, most importantly, on the results of a series of interviews of personnel in various federal agencies at central and regional levels, in California, and elsewhere. A recent report by the Environmental Law Institute (1981) furnished invaluable background information on EIA training in the federal agencies. The list of liaison officers printed by the Council on Environmental Quality (1982a) was used to request interviews and information.     

Evaluating the effectiveness of integrating the environmental impact assessment and mine closure planning processes

Integration of environmental assessment tools has long been promoted as best practice with the potential to bring environmental benefits. In this research, we set out to evaluate the effectiveness of integration of environmental impact assessment (EIA) and mine closure planning using a simple effectiveness criteria framework, applied to current regulatory provisions and practices in Western Australia. The effectiveness criteria for the integration of EIA and mine closure planning, compiled from existing reviews of integration and effectiveness concepts in the impact assessment literature, considers procedural, transactive, substantive effectiveness and overall process legitimacy. Data analysis consisted of a literature review, examination of regulatory and guidance material and interviews with 12 experienced EIA and/or mine closure practitioners with an industry or regulatory focus. The results provide strong, positive examples of procedural, transactive and substantive effectiveness due to the integrated framework. These include behavioural changes, improved knowledge and learning and better provision for closure at an early stage of mine planning. A trajectory of improvement was noted by everybody interviewed. However, a key driver for effectiveness is the enthusiasm of key facilitations, and tension exists due to the different motivations of the two lead regulatory agencies which poses a challenge for the integrated framework. While it can reasonably be argued that the effectiveness of early mine closure planning cannot yet be realised, due to a paucity of completely closed mines in Australia this study nevertheless demonstrates clear benefits and opportunities result from early stage integration of EIA with mine closure planning.     

区域规划环评中大气环境监测点位布设研究

探讨了大气环境监测点位的布设方法,在区域规划环境影响评价布设大气监测点位时,应综合考虑开发区的功能区划分、区内产业分布及环境敏感点分布等情况;结合规划区内外现状及规划实施后重点污染源的位置及排放高度,根据区域污染气象条件,采用Gauss模式预测最大浓度落地点,并以此作为区域大气环境监测点的布设依据.对某区域开发规划案例进行了大气环境监测点位布设研究,通过实践,该布设方法不仅可以反映区域大气环境质量现状的空间分布特征,而且可以为区域大气环境预测提供良好的数据支持,为优化区域规划提供依据;同时,对规划后的污染源最大浓度落地点的监测,可以为单个项目的环境预测提供背景值,起到简化入区建设项目环评的作用.     

湖库污染底泥环保疏浚工程环评要点探讨

以滇池草海污染底泥疏挖及处置工程为例，分析了湖库底泥疏挖项目环境影响评价因素识别与评价重点，探讨了施工期对水域水质及周围景观影响、施工期恶臭、噪声等的环境影响评价要点，底泥堆放对地下水与土壤环境影响、堆放恶臭对环境影响的评价要点，及疏挖工程的环境效益与运营期对周围生态环境影响分析的要点。针对该类工程在疏挖、余水处理和污染底泥堆存过程中的二次污染问题，提出了切实可行的二次污染防治对策。     

Canadian insights: The challenges of an integrated environmental assessment framework

The paper draws results from a review of literature to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the integrated environmental assessment framework in Canada with respect to the inclusion of health impact assessment. Insights include the legislative nature, rigid structure and priority for the natural environment that may restrict progress and the pool of government agencies that need to be convinced of the benefits of health impact assessment that may provide a strong structure for compliance in the long term.     

光散射法扬尘在线监测质量管理研究与应用

主要阐述了光散射法扬尘在线监测应用于建筑工地、干散货码头堆场、混凝土搅拌站的质量管理和质量评估。为了提高光散射法扬尘在线监测的数据质量，上海市采取扬尘在线监测设备现场质量抽测的模式，通过对在用仪器的监测点位、除湿方式、校准方式、质量浓度转换系数、与标准重量法监测结果的相对误差和相关系数、仪器运行维护水平等影响监测质量和数据有效性的关键指标的检查，开展扬尘监测在用仪器质量评估和仪器商合格评定，稳步提高在用仪器质量，为在线监测质量管理和质量评估提供可借鉴的技术方案和实践经验。     

双排气管车辆排气取样检测研究

双排气管汽油车进行尾气检测时，环保监管部门的监管要求与环保尾气检测机构的实际操作常存在分歧。对于双排气管汽油车究竟插入几个取样探头测试，才能准确、科学地检测出尾气中的含量浓度，从而对尾气检测结果做出公正准确的判断，从检测标准要求、比对实验方法验证、排气管构造图解析3个方面对该问题进行了讨论。