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1.
乐山市大气中二氧化硫与硫酸盐化速率、降水硫酸盐的相关性分析赵志坚(乐山市环保科研监测所614000)大气中的硫化物主要是SO2、SO3、H2S、H2SO4及硫酸盐,SO存在大气中大多被氧化成硫酸雾和硫酸盐气溶胶,降水能将大气中的可溶性成分以及颗粒物清...  相似文献   

2.
建立了大气中SO_2的硫酸盐化速率与大气环境因子的相关关系,并对硫酸盐化速率标准进行探讨。  相似文献   

3.
研究SO_2与硫酸盐化速率的相关关系,以GB3095-82(大气环境质量标准)中的SO2标准为基础,并借鉴国外先进国家的标准和硫酸盐化速率植物试验的成果,结合南京市大气环境质量现状,制定适合于南京地区的大气硫酸盐化速率建议标准.  相似文献   

4.
利用SO2和硫酸盐化速率相关斜率,推算了有实际意义的总物质移动系数值,并确定了其允许范围,这为各地今后更地建立了硫酸盐化速率和大气SO2相关性提供技术依据。  相似文献   

5.
通过对唐山市1992-1994年大气硫酸盐化速率与SO2的监测数据进行分析,结果表明,两者之间显著的正相关关系,利用108对数据建立了线性回归分析方程,r值大于0.6。  相似文献   

6.
乌鲁木齐市硫酸盐化速率关键影响因子分析   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
对硫酸盐化速率与大气中污染物质浓度和气象因素的分析结果表明,硫酸盐化速率不仅取决于SO2的浓度,还与PM10显著相关,是因为PM10表面为SO2的催化氧化提供了载体。气压和空气相对湿度对硫酸盐化速率有积极的促进作用,空气中的气态H2O具有凝结污染物质的能力,而降水对污染物质的冲刷效应降低了硫酸盐化速率。影响硫酸盐化速率的是空气中气态H2O而非降水。气温通过影响逆温层和风速共同影响着污染物浓度的扩散和稀释,从而决定着硫酸盐化速率的增减。  相似文献   

7.
通过分析城市SO2地面浓度来源,运用高、中、低架源对地面污染物浓度贡献的理论及高斯烟羽模式推出SO2空气质量管理模式,确定了城市SO2地面环境质量的控制目标。  相似文献   

8.
硫酸盐化速率能够比较客观地反映大气中二氧化硫及其它含硫化合物污染状况,通过对白银市区2001年~2005年大气硫酸盐化速率的监测数据统计分析,研究了工业型与煤烟型混合污染城市环境空气中含硫化合物的污染现状及变化趋势,并对硫酸盐化速率和二氧化硫年均浓度进行了相关分析。  相似文献   

9.
易江  王红 《干旱环境监测》1996,10(4):202-206
对用注射器采样甲醛法测定高浓度SO2样气精密度、准确度,采样效率,样品的稳定性进行了研究,并应用于燃煤,燃油锅炉排气中SO2浓度的测定,同时与碘量法结果进行比较和评价,表明注射器采样甲醛法测定了SO2基本可行。  相似文献   

10.
用甲醛法测定SO2的影响因素及质量保证措施   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
探讨了甲醛法测定SO_2浓度时PRA浓度和实验温度对SO_2曲线斜率的影响。根据实验结果,提出测定SO_2方法1的实验室质量保证措施,得出不同显色温度的显色时间;RSD小于4%,系统误差小、精密度好、准确度高。  相似文献   

11.
A combined NO2-SO2 Radiello radial-type diffusive sampler was validated under controlled laboratory conditions and compared with NO2-SO2 results of 3 other type of samplers in a field comparison at two locations Ghent-Mariakerke and Borgerhout in Flanders. Laboratory exposures at different temperatures (-5, 10 and 30 degrees C) and relative humidities (0, 50 and 80% RH) in combination with varying concentration levels and exposure times were carried out, with a focus on extreme conditions. Concentration level and exposure time were changed together following suppliers linear working range of samplers and assuring absolute amounts of compounds on the sampler corresponding to those of environmental levels. The average uptake rate for NO2 for 24 hour exposures at 10 degrees C and 50% RH and tested concentration levels (+/-73, 146 and 293 ppb NO2) was 0.076 +/- 0.011 ng ppb(-1) min(-1). Uptake rates during all experiments were lower than the uptake rate given in the instruction manual of the sampler. A significant effect of temperature and relative humidity on NO2 uptake rate was observed. The temperature effect from 10 to 30 degrees C corresponds to the temperature effect given by the supplier of the samplers. High relative humidity (70 to 80%) caused a strong non-reproducible decrease of uptake rate for NO2 at 24 hour experiments but this effect was not observed at longer exposures except for the tests at -5 degrees C. At the tested temperature below zero in combination with high relative humidity the sampler showed anomalous behaviour for NO2. The possible effect of concentration level and exposure time for NO2 needs further research. The average uptake rate for SO2 calculated from all exposures is 0.478 +/- 0.075 ng of sulfate ion each ppb min of SO2 and accords to suppliers uptake rate. No clear effects of temperature, relative humidity or concentration level/exposure time on the uptake rate for SO2 were found, partly due to the large scatter of results. Although NO2 accuracy of Radiello samplers was better during field campaigns than during laboratory validation, IVL and OGAWA samplers gave better results for NO2. In the field, IVL samplers showed best agreement with the continuous analyzers for both NO2 and SO2.  相似文献   

12.
Total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were collected during wintertime from November 24, 1998 to February 12, 1999 in Beijing. Ionic species including Cl-, NO3(-), SO4(2-), Na+, NH4(+), K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were determined by Ion Chromatography (IC). The sum average concentration of all the determined ions accounted for 18.9% of the TSP concentration, and SO4(2-) appeared the dominant ion with an average concentration of 30.84 microg m(-3); the sum mass concentration of SO4(2-), NO3(-), Ca2+ and NH4(+) accounted for about 83.2% of all the eight ions measured. The study indicated that the chemical form of sulfate and ammonium varies with TSP concentration levels. During heavy pollution periods, the average TSP concentration was 0.66 mg m(-3), and the NH4(+)/SO4(2-) molar ratio was low (0.58). It indicated that sulfate may present as CaSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 x CaSO4 x 2H2O. When TSP concentration (average 0.186 mg m(-3)) was relatively low, the NH4(+)/SO4(2-) molar ratio was 1.94, close to the theoretical ratio of 2 of (NH4)2SO4. Under this condition (NH4)2SO4 is expected to exist as the major form of sulfate. When the TSP concentration level was medium (average 0.35 mg m(-3)), the NH4+/SO4(2-) molar ratio appeared an average value (1.27), (NH4)2SO4, (NH4)2SO4 x CaSO4 x 2H2O and CaSO4 are expected to be present in those aerosol particles. Meteorological conditions including wind speed and wind direction were related to the TSP concentration level.  相似文献   

13.
利用三氧化硫(SO3)发生装置以及模拟烟气湿法脱硫系统,研究了烟气再热温度、恒温水浴温度、采样速率、冷凝管类型规格及吸收瓶个数等不同采样参数对SO3酸雾采集率的影响。结果表明,当烟气再热温度低于烟气酸露点时会导致SO3酸雾收集率下降,采用控制冷凝法采样时应使用大流量(10L/min)采样,冷凝管应选择外套长度为400 mm的蛇形螺旋冷凝管,并将冷凝管置于温度为65℃左右的恒温水浴中;用碱液吸收法采样时应串联3个吸收瓶后,使用小流量(1L/min)采样。烟气温湿度、二氧化硫(SO2)浓度以及烟气中共存组分等对碱性吸收法的采集影响较大,而对控制冷凝法几乎没有影响。因此确立了针对湿法脱硫后高湿烟气环境下SO3酸雾的监测方法为控制冷凝法更为适宜。  相似文献   

14.
Modelling and mapping of copper runoff for Europe   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A predictive runoff rate model for copper has been refined and used to generate copper runoff maps for Europe. The new model is based on laboratory and field runoff data and expresses the runoff rate R (g m(-2) yr(-1)) through two contributions, both with a physical meaning: R = (0.37SO(0.5)(2) = 0.96 rain10(-0.62 pH) (cos(theta)/cos(45 degree)). Input parameters are the SO(2) concentration (microg m(-3)), pH, amount of rain (mm yr(-1)), and surface angle of inclination (theta). The first contribution originates from dry periods between rain events (the first-flush effect) and the second from the rain events. The dry term has been refined in comparison to the original model by assuming a mass balance between measured corrosion mass loss, calculated copper retention in the patina and predicted copper runoff. The refined model predicts 76% of all reported runoff rates, worldwide, within 35% from their measured value. This includes sites with low SO(2) concentration, where the original model erroneously predicted higher runoff rates than corrosion rates. Based on environmental data from the EMEP programme for the years 1980-2000, the new model has been used to derive runoff rate maps for Europe with 50 x 50 km grid resolution. The runoff mapping shows a substantial reduction in runoff rate over the investigated time period, and with copper runoff rates now generally less than 2 g m(-2) yr(-1).  相似文献   

15.
通过对TSP、SO2浓度在不同高度实测研究.得出平顶山市SO2在1.5m至20m不同高度监测,高度影响无显著性差异;TSP在5m至15m不同高度监测,高度影响无显著性差异。  相似文献   

16.
乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气质量变化趋势分析   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
为了定量评价乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气污染近五年的治理成效,给环境治理决策提供科学依据,运用回归分析方法,对乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气质量的浓度、级别和变化规律进行回归分析。分析结果表明,PM10、SO2、NO2三项污染物的浓度都有所下降,空气质量级别的污染天数呈现明显的月变化规律。乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气的重污染状况有所遏制,但SO2污染凸现,在下一步的治理工作中,加强尘污染治理的同时要加大对SO2的治理力度。  相似文献   

17.
A biomonitoring study was conducted to investigate the responses of plants exposed to power plant emission in a dry tropical environment. For this purpose, five sampling sites were selected in the prevailing wind direction (NE) at different distance to thermal power plant (TPP) within 8.0 km range and a reference site was selected in eastern direction at a distance of 22.0 km. The two most common tree species, Ficus benghalensis L. (Evergreen tree) and Dalbergia sisso Roxb. (deciduous tree) were selected as test plants. Ambient sulphur dioxide (SO(2)), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), suspended particulate matter (SPM), respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM), dust-fall rate (DFR) and plant responses such as leaf pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), ascorbic acid, sugar and sulphate-sulphur (SO4(2-)-S) contents were measured. Ambient SO(2), NO(2), SPM, RSPM and DFR showed significant spatial and temporal variation at different sites. Considerable reduction in pigment (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids) and sugar contents were observed at sites receiving higher pollution load. Ascorbic acid exhibited significant positive correlation with pollution load. Accumulation of SO4(2-)-S in leaf tissue showed significant positive correlation with ambient SO(2) concentration at all the sites. At the same time, SO4(2-)-S showed significant negative correlation with pigment and sugar content. D. sisso Roxb. tree was found to be more sensitive as compared to F. benghalensis L. tree.  相似文献   

18.
石家庄市大气颗粒物中水溶性无机离子污染特征研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
用超声萃取-离子色谱法分析了石家庄市大气颗粒物中8种水溶性无机离子。结果表明,NO3-、SO2-4、NH4+及 Ca2+为主要组分;各个离子的质量浓度均有季节及空间变化差异;不同粒径颗粒物中 SO2-4和 NO3-相关性均很好,NH4+与 SO2-4、NO3-在细颗粒物中具有良好的相关性,Ca2+在粗粒子中与 NO3-和 SO2-4的相关性也较好。SO2-4/NO3-质量比季节变化表明,春、夏季固定源与流动源对大气颗粒物贡献相当,秋季流动源贡献较大,冬季固定源贡献较大。PM2.5中SO2与SO2-4、NO2与 NO3-转化率表明,SO2-4、NO3-主要是由二次转化而来。  相似文献   

19.
针对1990年和1991年绵阳市SO_2浓度升高,尤其是1990年和1991年元月监测的SO_2浓度值更高。经研究发现监测采样时的气象条件对污染物测定值产生重要影响。  相似文献   

20.
液相催化氧化法烟气脱硫热态试验   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用液相催化氧化法和穿流式筛板吸收塔进行了规模为1000m3/h烟气脱硫热态试验。结果表明,当吸收液为浓度01M的Fe2++Mn2+水溶液,烟气风量在818~1418m3/h,液气比为1L/m3,SO2入口浓度在787~7821PPm范围内脱硫率可达49~69%。穿流式筛板塔具有处理能力大、阻力小、不易堵塞、结构简单、传质效果好等特点  相似文献   

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