大型活动安保风险评估概论

一、大型活动安保风险评估概述 我国<大型群众性活动安全管理条例>规定.面向社会公众举办的每场次预计参加人数在1000人以上的体育比赛活动,演唱会、音乐会等文艺演出活动,展览、展销等活动,游园、灯会、庙会、花会、焰火晚会等活动,人才招聘会、现场开奖的彩票销售等活动即为大型活动.     

火灾群死群伤加剧原因分析及其对策

中国的GDP连续多年均保持了8%的高位增长,却鲜有人知道每年因公共安全问题造成的GDP损失高达6%,这些问题每年夺去了20多万人的宝贵生命.其中火灾是危害最持久、最惨烈的灾害之一.我国每年因火灾死伤的人数都在几千人.据公安部统计,2003年共发生火灾254811起,死亡2497人,伤3098人.这伤亡的几千人中,占大多数都是由于群死群伤造成的.另据统计,20世纪全世界一次性火灾死亡超过100人的大火26起,其中我国就占3起,烧死1250人,可见我国火灾群死群伤形势之严势,已成为当今必须认真研究和寻求预防措施的新课题.     

美国总统30年前坐红旗万无一失30年后带专车半路爆胎

也许是巧合,戏剧性的一幕在30年后的今天发生了.2月22日,美国总统布什在清华大学演讲后,在乘坐自带的卡迪拉克豪华轿车前往中南海与江泽民共享午餐的路上,自家的专车却意外爆胎,布什不得不走出车子,步行到备用的豪华轿车中,车队行程不得不耽搁了几分钟.而那辆"受伤"的名牌轿车则在车队末尾蹒跚而行.     

她为什么患了"假日忧郁症"

梅芯是个标准的白领丽人,她有一份很舒适而又薪水颇丰的工作.每天的任务就是处理公司来往的资料文件及安排董事长的会谈事务.她的老公是同一公司另一部门的负责人.两人本是大学同学,一起来到了这家外企公司,经过几年的奋斗,老公成了部门主管.两人虽处在两个不同的部门,但梅芯到董事长办公室都要经过老公的部门.     

遭遇化学品爆炸,我们该如何自救

<正>对于普通公众,了解化学常识,掌握遭遇化学品爆炸(泄漏)时基本的自救技能,也成为迫切之需。《新京报》记者连线北京市疾控中心职业卫生所副主任医师林英及一位正在北京待命准备前往天津现场的感染防护专家,告诉大家在"遭遇化学品爆炸(泄漏)事故时,我们该如何自救?"自救5招1面对冲击波怎么办?伏地寻找遮挡物躲避冲击波伤害通过现场亲历者拍下的视频,我们看到了爆炸的惨烈,同时也发现,这些拍摄者在拍摄过程中可能遭受到了     

失眠千万别吃这8种食物

<正>鸡肉。如果在晚上摄入大量鸡肉或其他蛋白质,你的睡眠质量可能会降低。当你入睡时,消化系统的运动速度会减慢50%,而蛋白质会让消化系统的运动速度更慢。这样你的身体器官会更关注消化系统,而不是睡眠。所以晚餐应搭配蛋白质和碳水化合物一起吃,平衡睡眠质量。汉堡。这种食物对睡眠极为不利。脂肪会刺激胃产生过多酸性物质,造成胃酸回流进食道,还可能伤害心脏。此外,这种油腻的食物不但会软化食道下括约肌,导     

"上海世博与城市监控"安全论坛在沪召开

4月22日,由中国安全防范产品行业协会和上海市科学技术协会联合举办的"上海世博与城市监控"安全论坛在沪召开.上海市政协副主席、世博局副局长周汉民、公安部科技委主任李润森、中安协理事长柳晓川、上海市公安局局长张学兵、上海市科技委党委书记陈克宏、上海市综治委办公室副主任乐伟中、公安部科技局三处处长李明甫等领导以及安防(中国)科技有限公司等众多企业代表共100余人参加了会议.     

北京市第一所"安全学校"正式启动

中小学生安全问题,近些年来一直是个沉重的话题.报刊杂志、广播电台时有中小学生安全事故的报道:火灾、溺水、交通事故、食物中毒、房屋倒塌、因玩耍打闹致伤、因楼道拥挤踩压致死等事故时有发生,时刻威胁着青少年的健康成长.     

从鞭炮"禁改限"谈安全防事故

安全生产事故发生的偶然性,使有些同志错误地产生事故不可捉摸思想认识.害怕安全事故使有些单位被束缚了手脚,不敢创新,不敢放手抓工作,如"禁止燃放烟花爆竹"、全行业退出某项生产、"禁止生产……"等等,其实都是在回避矛盾,对经济发展和长远建设是不利的.北京市烟花爆竹"禁改限"后的第一个春节,从除夕到初八,没有发生因燃放烟花爆竹酿成的火灾,也没有发生因燃放烟花爆竹致死、致伤的事故.从北京"禁改限"的实践中,我认为可以得到这样几点启示:     

晋江英林镇:打造外来人员消防安居环境

[本刊讯]晋江市英林镇政府从3月26日起至6月底,将根据<晋江市政府制定出台出租房消防安全整治实施细则>组织镇安办、工商所、派出所、边防所、各村两委等部门人员组成四个小组,对辖区内危旧房、简易搭盖、出租私房、建筑工地等场所开展拉网式的消防安全检查,一大批外来人员居住建筑火灾隐患得到有效消除.     

愚昧带来的灾害--农村迷信活动引发用电事故扫描

近年来,农村封建迷信活动在一些地区有所抬头.由迷信活动引发的用电事故屡有发生.不仅扰乱用电秩序,影响电网安全,还带来不应有的经济损失,已成为农村安全用电中一个不容忽视的问题.笔者通过案例分析和农村社会调查,摄取以下几组"镜头”:     

Flammability of heat transfer fluid aerosols produced by electrospray measured by laser diffraction analysis

Accidental release of pressurized high flash point heat transfer fluids can result in fire and explosion hazard scenarios in the process industry. An experimental investigation on ignition of aerosols of a heat transfer fluid is carried out, and characterization of aerosol and its ignition process by non-intrusive laser diffraction technique is reported. Propagation speed of the aerosol combustion flame front as analyzed from the laser diffraction measurement agrees with high-speed visual camera observation. Flammability of the aerosol, which is based on the chances of the global flame appearance in the aerosol, is mainly controlled by aerosol droplet size and the droplet volume concentration.     

Protection Against Dust by Respirators

This article is a brief review of the mechanism of action of fibrous filters and of the performance of respirators; it neglects many of the complications discussed in longer and more detailed articles. An expression is given for the pressure drop across a filter in terms of fibre diameter and filtration velocity. The particle capture mechanisms of interception and diffusional deposition are introduced and the way in which filtration efficiency varies with particle size is discussed. Filters with fibres of small diameter are shown to be the most efficient, but their use can cause problems. Electrically charged materials are widely used in respirators because of their high efficiency and low pressure drop. Types of material, their means of charging, and their method of action are described. An account is given of respirator leakage, the protection factor, and of the way that these may vary in a period of use. The leakage of air and particles through face seal leaks and leaky valves is discussed. The frequent discrepancy in the protection given by respirators in the workplace, on the one hand, and that suggested by laboratory measurements, on the other, is reviewed, and the article ends with an account of the combined effect of aerosol penetration through a filter and through a leak.     

Combating interference by unauthorised persons

Under the new threat situation it is necessary to impede and if necessary detect ingress by unauthorised persons into the relevant establishment. It may be necessary to take additional measures to protect installations or parts thereof that are especially hazardous or at risk from terrorist attacks from interference by unauthorised persons.

It is the duty of the state to take precautionary and preventive measures to impede or prevent external terrorist attacks or entry by force into establishments. The necessary resources for this purpose must be made available even in times of limited budgets.

Since total protection can never be guaranteed, external emergency measures have a particularly important role to play. The competent authorities in this sector must receive the necessary information from the operators and must take the measures within their sphere of responsibility without delay.

Much of the information necessary for assessment of the risk situation by the operators and the authorities is already available under the provisions on the safety report and the external alarm and emergency plans according to European Seveso II Directive (96/82/EC).

It is recommended that a restriction of disclosure of information on the grounds of public safety should only be permitted for establishments/installations which are to be regarded as security-relevant on the basis of the hazard and the risk analysis.

The outline of the systematic approach of a security analysis like it is proposed in Germany is described separately.     

Initiation of dust explosions by electric spark discharges triggered by the explosive dust cloud itself

An investigation of ignition of dust clouds by the use of electric spark discharges triggered by the explosive dust cloud itself has been conducted. This method of triggering capacitive sparks probably represents a realistic mechanism for initiating accidental dust explosions in industrial practice. Unlike the conventional method for determining the minimum ignition energy (MIE) in the laboratory, the delay between dust dispersion and spark discharge is not a degree of freedom. In stead, the transient dust cloud itself is used to initiate spark breakdown between electrodes set at a high voltage lower than breakdown in pure air. In the present study, different kinds of dusts were tested as ‘spark triggers’, and they exhibited quite different abilities to trigger breakdown. Large particles were found to initiate breakdown at lower voltages than smaller ones. In general, conductive particles were not found to initiate breakdown at lower voltages than dielectric ones when using the same dust concentration.Minimum ignition energies (MIE) of three dusts (Lycopodium clavatum, sulphur and maize starch) were determined using the authors' method of study. The MIEs were somewhat higher than those obtained using conventional methods, but relatively close to the values obtained through conventional methods.     

碳纳米管对不同分区溶解有机物的吸附研究

选用单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管两种吸附剂,对广州市3种地表水体(城市径流、农田径流、森林径流)中不同分区溶解性有机物(DOM)进行吸附研究,并以腐殖酸溶液作为标准对照组。以UV254、荧光激发-发射矩阵光谱、溶解性有机碳质量浓度作为吸附效果的评价指标。结果表明,在UV254上,单壁碳纳米管比多壁碳纳米管平均多吸附11%的DOM。3种地表水样中均无Ⅰ区荧光峰,而有明显的Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ区荧光峰。水样中II区、III区、IV区、Ⅴ区荧光峰的位置分别为Ex230/Em345、Ex245/Em445、Ex275/Em320、Ex335/Em380,误差在40 nm内。多壁碳纳米管吸附溶解性有机物的动力学模式符合准二级动力学方程,决定系数高达0.994 7。Langmuir方程相对于Freundlich方程更适合描述MWNT-1030对DOM的吸附过程。     

做安全评价所需要的参考文件

1引用法律法规 《中华人民共和国劳动法》 《中华人民共和国安全生产法》 《中华人民共和国矿山安全法》 《危险化学品安全管理条例》 其它适用于安全评价的法律法规 《中华人民共和国安全生产法》第十二条 依法设立的为安全生产提供技术服务的中介机构，依照法律、行政法规和执业准则，接受生产经营单位的委托为其安全生产工作提供技术服务。     

Suicidal behavior by motor vehicle collision

BACKGROUND: The ability for suicides of drivers to be disguised as traffic accidents raises the possibility that suicidal behaviors of this nature are far more prevalent than previously thought, potentially impacting health, road safety, and insurance companies. METHOD: Persons residing at the Gold Coast, Australia, identified as having a history of suicidal ideation and behaviors (n = 1,196), were sent a mail-out survey after their consent was obtained in initial telephone contact (CATI random digit-dialing). Among those responding, 412 had made suicide plans or arrangements and 228 suicide attempts. RESULTS: Of those who reported planning a suicide, 14.8% (19.1% of male planners and 11.8% of female planners) had conceived to have a motor vehicle "accident" (n = 61). Of all attempters, 8.3% (13.3% of male attempters) had previously attempted via motor vehicle collision (n = 19). All attempters reported having emotional or mental problems at the time of the event. Suicide planners were significantly more likely to be in full-time employment and have a partner and children compared with other planners. CONCLUSION: The study gives a rare insight into driver suicide plans and attempts, via a large-scale community survey, to provide the best opportunity of collecting unbiased data on the driver suicide behavior. Results suggest the use of this method, particularly in attempts made by males, may be underreported leading to inaccuracy of statistics. The motives behind choosing this method are somewhat different to those behind other methods, including financial benefits and eliminating stigma in the aftermath of a suicide.     

逐步走向智能家庭

随着自动化从更传统的应用如家庭剧场向更复杂的应用如联网HVAC的发展,其价格逐步增加,而且幅度很大.虽然客户接受某种程度的家庭基本自动化,但顶点对于绝大多数业主来说仍然是高不可攀的.但是在一个不断变化的市场内,家庭自动化有多普及呢?     

Thermal shielding by water spray curtain

The mitigation of the consequences of storage-tank fire is a great safety concern in petro-chemical and gas industries. A technique to protect the integrity of neighbouring structures is the water spray curtain. It can be operating downward in front of or oriented to the surface to be shielded. Simple modelling, laboratory experiments and field tests for these two types of thermal shielding are presented.

Attenuation factor of 50–75% can be expected with the vertical curtain while 90% can be reached with the impinging curtain if spray overlapping is achieved.