半干法脱除球团烟气中的SO2及Hg0

采用钙基吸收剂及复合氧化剂半干法脱除模拟球团烟气中的SO_2及Hg~0,考察了多因素条件对吸收效果的影响。实验结果表明,在以NaClO和NaClO_2为复合氧化剂、 NaClO与NaClO_2体积比1∶0.5、复合氧化剂质量分数3%、反应温度110℃、钙基吸收剂质量3.0 g、模拟烟气进气流量1.2 L/min的条件下,SO_2和Hg~0的脱除率分别为98%和93%,证明钙基吸收剂与复合氧化剂对污染物球团烟气中的SO_2和Hg~0有良好的脱除作用。     

燃煤烟气中CO_2脱除方法的分析与探讨

作为主要的温室气体,CO2减排问题引起全球范围的广泛关注。阐述了燃煤烟气中CO2脱除的多种方法,分析比较了CO2的吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法等的特点及各自的优缺点,侧重介绍了有机胺和氨水脱除的技术进展,并介绍了氨水烟气脱碳的部分试验结果。     

环保产业首个国家技术发明一等奖诞生

正浙江大学高翔教授团队的"燃煤机组超低排放关键技术研发及应用"项目荣获2017国家技术发明奖一等奖,这也是我国在环保产业的首个国家技术发明一等奖。该项获奖技术采用整体协同优化与智能调控的高效协同脱除多污染物的超低排放系统,攻克了复杂体系中相浓度分布不均匀、污染物组分相互竞争等多项关键技术难题,实现了适应负荷和煤质变     

天然气再燃添加有机酸盐同时降低SO2及NOx的机理研究

对天然气再燃过程中添加的有机酸盐同时脱硫、脱氮反应途径及机理进行了详细的分析.探讨了有机酸盐(钙镁醋酸盐CMA)分解的CHi还原NO的主要机理,研究了CMA固硫的反应机理,分析了脱硫过程影响HCN、NH3还原NO的因素.提出了天然气再燃添加CMA同时脱硫、脱氮时,也要综合考虑CaO对SO2的脱除和对NO生成的促进作用.     

木醋调质石灰石煅烧特性试验研究

新型有机钙协同脱硫脱硝技术在实际应用中存在经济代价高的问题,采用木醋废液调质处理石灰石,制得廉价醋酸钙,并对调质产物的煅烧特性进行了研究。X射线衍射分析结果表明,调质石灰石的主要成分为水合醋酸钙,其煅烧过程大致可以分为3个阶段;采用Avrami理论求解调质石灰石的煅烧反应级数,计算结果其反应级数在0.048～0.272较大范围内波动,进一步证明了反应的多阶段性与无定常性。     

钙基吸收剂脱除SO2和HCl研究进展

分别介绍了钙基吸收剂脱硫和脱氯的机理和影响因素,分析了脱硫、脱氯的相互影响.探讨了钙基吸收剂协同脱硫脱氯的可行性,指出了未来研究方向,为今后实现燃烧中同时脱硫、脱氯提供理论依据和技术参考.     

钙基吸收剂循环煅烧/碳酸化法捕集CO2的发展

煅烧过程中吸收剂的烧结现象和循环反应过程中的磨损及破碎现象是导致钙基吸收剂循环煅烧/碳酸化捕集CO2性能不稳定的主要原因.针对目前几种常用的提高钙基吸收剂循环捕集性能的方法进行了总结,并对钙基吸收剂顺序脱除SO2/CO2的方法进行解释.     

全白土催化剂生产废水的处理

用4种无机絮凝剂和3种有机絮凝剂进行了脱除全白土催化剂生产废水（简称废水）中固体悬浮物（SS）的实验研究。实验结果表明：在废水pH6．8条件下，无机絮凝剂和有机絮凝剂脱除废水中SS的效果均较差，用无机絮凝剂时的SS去除率低于26％，用有机絮凝剂时的SS去除率低于18％；废水pH对SS去除率的影响较大，当调节废水pH为8．0时，无机絮凝剂中硫酸铝脱除废水中的SS效果最好，在硫酸铝加入量为0．02mg／L、沉降时间为2h的最佳操作条件下，SS的去除率可达93％。     

燃煤锅炉脱砷现状研究

通过对国内外燃煤锅炉脱砷现状的研究，探讨各种脱砷方法的优、缺点，提出锅炉脱砷的可行方案。把砷污染的产生与锅炉运行实际结合起来考虑，脱砷过程可以分为燃烧前、燃烧中、燃烧后三段。燃烧前脱砷对于无机砷可以达到70％以上的效率，而对有机砷则会产生富集作用；燃烧中脱砷可利用现有的脱硫技术和设备，如炉内喷钙技术和循环流化床锅炉，其脱除效率分别达到40％、80％；燃烧后脱砷方法主要包括提高除尘器效率法、化学法、吸收剂法，这些方法基本都能使除砷效率理论值达到90％以上，具有极佳的工业应用前景。     

煤炭的微生降解脱硫

煤中的硫以有机物和无机化合物形式存在。在燃烧之前,可用物理、化学和微生物方法有效地脱除无机硫化物。但有机硫的脱除仍是一大问题,需开发燃煤之前脱硫的新工艺。煤的市场将因此     

燃煤电厂SCR烟气脱硝技术的研究

选择性催化还原(SCR)技术是目前燃煤电厂应用最多且最成熟的烟气脱硝技术.介绍了SCR烟气脱硝技术的化学反应机理、工艺流程等,重点对影响SCR法脱硝效率的多种因素进行了深入分析,并对SCR技术的未来研究方向进行了展望.     

Assessment of Ball Milling as a Compounding Technique to Develop Nanocomposites of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) and Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers

The aim of this study was the assessment of high energy ball milling technique to develop poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanocomposites containing bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNW). Crystallization behaviour of PHBV/BCNW nanocomposites was studied under non-isothermal and isothermal conditions using differential scanning calorimetry. The changes in PHBV crystalline structure were also studied using X-ray diffraction. The results confirmed that BCNW acted as nucleating agents and, hence, favored the crystallization of the PHBV. The oxygen permeability of the nanocomposites was reduced by ~22 % when compared to that of the neat PHBV. This work provides a new insight into the development of polyhydroxyalkanoate composites by means of the high energy ball milling technique.     

Behavior of Cellulose Reinforced Cross-Linked Starch Composite Films Made with Tartaric Acid Modified Starch Microparticles

Tartaric acid modified starch microparticles (TA-SM) previously obtained using the dry preparation technique were introduced as filler within glycerol plasticized-corn starch (GCS), the composites being prepared by casting process. The effects of cellulose addition within the TA-SM-GCS matrix on the structure, surface properties and water sorption, as well as mechanical and thermal properties of starch-based composite films were investigated. The water resistance and thermal stability were slightly improved through addition of high content of cellulose due to the inter-component H-bonding between components. The evaluation of mechanical properties evidenced a significant increase of the tensile strength of the composites with increasing the content level of cellulose.     

Immobilization of tritiated water by hydrothermal hot-pressing

Tritium is generally disposed of as an oxide form, and immobilization of tritium oxide with Portland cement is the most popular disposal method. However, the cement solidified body is rather leachable for tritium and is poor in some physical properties. A silicate powder, such as borosilicate glass powder, forms a synthetic rock by the hydrothermal hot-pressing (HHP) technique, making it a technique for immobilization of tritium oxide. Tritium oxide with borosilicate glass powder was solidified by the HHP technique. Leachability of tritium from the produced solidified bodies and the behavior of fixed tritium oxide during the heating were studied and discussed. The amount of tritium oxide fixed by the present procedure was almost the same as that fixed by the ordinary cement solidifying procedure. The diffusivity of tritium from the body by this procedure was much lower than that from the cement body and the compressive strength of the body was higher than that of the cement body.     

湿式钙/镁法烟气脱硫自动控制系统

简要介绍了一种湿式烟气脱硫工艺及实施方案，对其PLC自动控制系统的组成及功能进行了系统阐述。该系统性能稳定、安全可靠，提高了脱硫系统的脱硫效率和自动化程度。     

Prediction of household and commercial BMW generation according to socio-economic and other factors for the Dublin region

Both planning and design of integrated municipal solid waste management systems require accurate prediction of waste generation. This research predicted the quantity and distribution of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) generation within a diverse ‘landscape’ of residential areas, as well as from a variety of commercial establishments (restaurants, hotels, hospitals, etc.) in the Dublin (Ireland) region. Socio-economic variables, housing types, and the sizes and main activities of commercial establishments were hypothesized as the key determinants contributing to the spatial variability of BMW generation. A geographical information system (GIS) ‘model’ of BMW generation was created using ArcMap, a component of ArcGIS 9. Statistical data including socio-economic status and household size were mapped on an electoral district basis. Historical research and data from scientific literature were used to assign BMW generation rates to residential and commercial establishments. These predictions were combined to give overall BMW estimates for the region, which can aid waste planning and policy decisions. This technique will also aid the design of future waste management strategies, leading to policy and practice alterations as a function of demographic changes and development. The household prediction technique gave a more accurate overall estimate of household waste generation than did the social class technique. Both techniques produced estimates that differed from the reported local authority data; however, given that local authority reported figures for the region are below the national average, with some of the waste generated from apartment complexes being reported as commercial waste, predictions arising from this research are believed to be closer to actual waste generation than a comparison to reported data would suggest. By changing the input data, this estimation tool can be adapted for use in other locations. Although focusing on waste in the Dublin region, this method of waste prediction can have significant potential benefits if a universal method can be found to apply it effectively.     

烧结烟气中SO3的测定

建立了烧结烟气中SO3的检测技术，包括SO3的采集装置和测定方法。实验结果表明:质量分数为80%的异丙醇适宜作为吸收液，方法的回收率为95.79%~102.80%，相对标准偏差为0.46%~1.38%。该技术能有效消除烟气中粉尘及SO2对测定的干扰，具有准确、可靠、方便等特点，可应用于烧结烟气脱硫等装置日常运行中SO3含量的测定。     

烟气脱硫工艺方案的模糊决策分析法

以燃煤电厂烟气脱硫方案的技术评价为研究对象,提出了将软科学研究人员与领域专家、定性分析与定量分析、经验决策与计算机辅助决策融为一体的模糊决策分析法。并在此基础上建立了烟气脱硫方案技术评价的物理模型、数学模型和判断准则等,结合对W电厂烟气脱硫工艺的选择,进行了实例分析和应用。     

柴油车尾气处理液应用展望

尾气处理液是柴油车尾气处理SCR技术中所必需的还原剂。本文通过分析柴油车尾气的排放情况及SCR技术应用发展趋势,着重介绍了柴油车尾气处理液的研究现状及应用情况,总结了尾气处理液应用中存在的问题并阐明了后续的发展方向。     

Phytocapping: Importance of Tree Selection and Soil Thickness

An alternative landfill capping technique known as ‘Phytocapping’ (establishment of perennial plants on a layer of soil placed over the waste) was trailed in Rockhampton, Australia. In this technique, trees were used as ‘bio-pumps’ and ‘rainfall interceptors’ and soil cover as ‘storage’ of water. The environmental performance of the phytocapping system was measured based on its ability to minimise water percolation into the waste. The percolation rate was modelled using HYDRUS 1D for two different scenarios (with and without vegetation) for the thick and thin caps, respectively. Results from the modelling showed percolation rates of 16.7 mm year^?1 in thick cover and 23.8 mm year^?1 in thin cover, both of which are markedly lower than those expected from a clay cap. Results from monitoring and observations showed that 19 trees out of 21 tree species grew well in the harsh landfill environment. Top ten performing species have been identified and are recommended to be grown on phytocaps in the Central Queensland region.