臭氧氧化—湿式钙法吸收工艺对烟气的同时脱硫脱硝

采用臭氧氧化—湿式钙法吸收工艺对模拟烟气进行同时脱硫脱硝处理。O_3于150℃下具有较高的热稳定性,可将NO氧化为高价态氮氧化物,且NO氧化率随n(O_3)∶n(NO)的增大而逐渐提高。烟气中SO_2和H_2O的存在对NO氧化率的影响不大。O_3对SO_2的氧化率较低,约为5%。3%(w)石灰石浆液对SO_2的吸收率接近100%,NO_x吸收率随n(O_3)∶n(NO)的增大而逐渐提高,当n(O_3)∶n(NO)为1.6时NO_x吸收率可达约65%。SO_2能促进吸收液对NO_x的脱除。石灰石浆液中加入0.2%(w)的(NH_4)_2SO_3或Na_2SO_3后NO_x吸收率可达约85%或82%,且吸收率随添加剂加入量的增加而提高,添加(NH_4)_2SO_3的NO_x吸收率略高于添加Na_2SO_3。     

臭氧氧化—湿式钙法吸收工艺对烟气的同时脱硫脱硝

采用臭氧氧化—湿式钙法吸收工艺对模拟烟气进行同时脱硫脱硝处理。O₃于150 ℃下具有较高的热稳定性,可将NO氧化为高价态氮氧化物,且NO氧化率随n（O₃）∶n（NO）的增大而逐渐提高。烟气中SO₂和H₂O的存在对NO氧化率的影响不大。O₃对SO₂的氧化率较低,约为5%。3%（w）石灰石浆液对SO₂的吸收率接近100%,NO_x吸收率随n（O₃）∶n（NO）的增大而逐渐提高,当n（O₃）∶n（NO）为1.6时NO_x吸收率可达约65%。SO₂能促进吸收液对NO_x的脱除。石灰石浆液中加入0.2%（w）的（NH₄）₂SO₃或Na₂SO₃后NO_x吸收率可达约85%或82%,且吸收率随添加剂加入量的增加而提高,添加（NH₄）₂SO₃的NO_x吸收率略高于添加Na₂SO₃。     

次氯酸钙溶液的脱硫脱硝特性

采用Ca(ClO)2溶液在高效反应瓶中与模拟烟气进行脱硫脱硝实验,考察了模拟烟气中SO2和NOx的去除效果,以动力学为理论基础研究了Ca(ClO)2的脱硫脱硝性能。实验结果表明:在模拟烟气中SO2,NO,NO2的质量浓度分别为3700,1300,820 mg/m^3及Ca(ClO)2溶液浓度为0.35 mol/L的条件下,SO2去除率达到100%,NOx去除率达到67%。脱硫过程中吸收液中的ClO-是100%脱硫率的保障。Ca^2+吸收SO2的反应速率呈现一级反应的特征。得到的脱硫产物CaSO4·2H2O达到了工业石膏的品质要求。同时脱硫脱硝时NOx和SO2具有协同作用。     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌烟气脱硫试验研究

试验研究了利用氧化亚铁硫杆菌和Fe离子协同脱除烟气中的SO2,考察了液气比、反应温度、初始Fe2＋浓度等因素对脱硫效率的影响,研究表明氧化亚铁硫杆菌和Fe3＋体系对SO2具有循环催化氧化吸收的作用,并且提高初始Fe2＋浓度,保持适宜的温度（30℃～40℃）,有利于维持此循环效果而得到持久高效的脱硫效率。     

袋式除尘器在国电九江电厂的应用及其对PM2.5的脱除分析

国电九江发电厂“上大压小”扩建工程2 x 660 MW超超临界燃煤机组配套采用旋转式低压脉冲袋式除尘器，对袋式除尘器进出口烟气中PM2.5、SO2、NO、SO3、氯化物、汞等浓度进行了现场测试，结果表明，该袋式除尘器能有效脱除烟气中的PM2.5，其PM2.5数浓度和质量浓度脱除效率可分别高达98.9%和99.7%，同时还可脱除富集在PM2.5表面的颗粒态汞。     

ClO_2溶液去除烟气中NO的效果及工程应用

采用实验室规模喷淋脱硝装置对ClO_2溶液去除NO的效果及影响因素进行探讨,通过脱硝产物的测定对ClO_2溶液去除NO的能力及机理进行分析;在此基础上考察ClO_2溶液对供热厂燃煤锅炉烟气的实际脱硝效果。实验结果表明:在液气比为20L/m~3、反应温度为20℃,反应pH为4.0、进气NO质量浓度为250 mg/m~3,ClO_2质量浓度为200 mg/L的条件下,NO去除率达97%以上;ClO_2溶液可将NO氧化吸收为NO_3~-,氧化后产生的NO_x也可被NaOH溶液吸收转化为NO_2~-和NO_3~-;在ClO_2质量浓度为200~500 mg/L,反应pH为5.5~7.0的条件下处理初始NO质量浓度为212~230 mg/m~3的燃煤锅炉烟气,NO去除率为85.7%~94.6%,NO_x去除率为80.4%~88.8%,出口NO_x质量浓度低于46 mg/m~3,远低于GB 13271—2014规定的排放限值。     

烟气脱硫喷淋塔的容积负荷与本体设计

提出了以喷淋塔的容积负荷——平均容积吸收率为控制指标的本体设计路线。在目前已有的设计、运行经验基础上，根据烟气的SO2进口浓度、要求的吸收效率等来确定喷淋塔容积。讨论了容积吸收率不同角度的定义，给出了采用容积吸收率进行喷淋塔本体设计的步骤。     

臭氧氧化—钙法吸收工艺对烟气的同步脱硫脱硝

针对中国石化镇海炼化乙烯动力锅炉烟气的特点,进行烟气模拟,采用臭氧氧化—钙法吸收同时脱硫脱硝工艺处理模拟烟气。实验对比了单独脱硫和脱硝过程与同时脱硫脱硝工艺的脱硫、脱硝效果,探究了烟气在反应器中的停留时间、臭氧投加量和烟气含氧量对SO_2去除率和NO_x去除率的影响。实验结果表明:SO_2和NO的共存可促进污染物的去除;烟气停留时间延长,SO_2去除率提高,NO_x去除率先升高后降低;臭氧与NO摩尔比增加,NO_x去除率提高,SO_2去除率略有降低。综合考虑选择烟气停留时间3.4 s,烟气含氧量12%(φ),臭氧与NO摩尔比0.7,在此工艺条件下反应70 min,NO_x去除率为73.8%,SO_2去除率为74.1%。     

软锰矿浆催化氧化烟气中二氧化硫产酸过程研究

采用软锰矿浆催化氧化烟气中的SO2,使其生成硫酸。考察了软锰矿浆液固比、软锰矿浆初始pH、气体流量、进口SO2浓度、气体中氧浓度和反应温度对硫酸浓度的影响。试验结果表明,软锰矿浆的液固比和气体中的氧浓度对产酸速率的影响最大。软锰矿浆与SO2反应生成硫酸的过程分为线性阶段和幂函数两个阶段,符合Pasiuk提出的反应动力学模型。     

煤浆洗涤法去除烟气中的SO2

分别以高硫原煤、低硫原煤和中煤配制的煤浆作为洗涤介质，去除烟气中的SO2。反应温度高于40℃时，采用高硫原煤煤浆洗涤烟气，SO2去除率在90％以上；O2含量对SO2去除率影响不大；SO2去除率随其含量的增加而降低。低硫原煤煤浆同样可用于烟气脱硫，随温度的升高，煤浆pH的降低幅度和SO2去除率均增大，与用高硫原煤时的情况类似。中煤煤浆亦能有效去除烟气中的SO2，反应过程中煤浆pH的降低对SO2去除率的影响不大。在烟气脱硫的同时，3种煤中的黄铁矿均被不断浸出，浸出铁质量浓度随反应时间的延长和SO2去除率的增大而增加。     

Modification of Soy Protein Plastic with Functional Monomer with Reactive Extrusion

Chemical modification of soy protein with monomers such as maleic anhydride, glycidyl methacrylate and styrene was accomplished using reactive extrusion technology. Thermal and mechanical properties of the modified soy protein plastics were characterized with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and a United Testing System load frame. It was found that the denaturation temperature and the glass transition temperature of soy protein plastic changed. In addition, the tensile properties of modified soy protein plastic improved. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the structure of modified soy proteins. A suggestion of the interaction between soy protein and functional group in functional polymers is given. Through the in-situ interaction between the polymer and soy protein plastic, the mechanical properties of the soy protein plastic can be adjusted and controlled.     

Performance of mortars with PET

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The massive amount of plastic production inevitably leads to huge levels of pollution and, consequently, is threatening the environment and...     

零价铁催化过二硫酸盐降解苯胺

采用Fe⁰催化过二硫酸钠（PS）降解水中苯胺（AN）。在Fe⁰-PS体系中，Fe⁰在酸性条件下被氧化生成Fe²⁺，Fe²⁺可以催化PS产生强氧化性的SO₄^#x02022;-，发生类Fenton试剂氧化反应，从而降解AN。实验结果表明，在PS加入量为6.0mmol/L、Fe⁰加入量为35.7mmol/L、反应时间为120min的条件下，AN降解率可达81.4%，TOC去除率达52.6%，一级反应速率常数为0.03819min^-1。     

Fertilization of maize with compost from cattle manure supplemented with additional mineral nutrients

An alternative approach for cattle manure management on intensive livestock farms is the composting process. An industrial-scale composting plant has been set up in northwest Spain for producing compost from cattle manure. Manure composting involved an increase in pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and NO3(-)--N concentration, and a decrease in temperature, moisture content, organic matter (OM) content, NH4+--N concentration and C/N ratio. Cu, Zn and Ni concentrations increased due to the reduction of pile mass during the composting process. The resulting compost was applied to a field to study the viability of applying this compost combined with a nitrogen mineral fertilizer as a replacement for the mineral fertilization conventionally used for maize (Zea mays L.). The thermophilic phase of the composting process was very prolonged in the time, which may have slowed down the decomposition of the organic matter and reduced the nitrification process, leading to an over-short maturation phase. The humification and respirometric indexes, however, determined immediately after compost application to the soil, showed it to be stable. Compost application did not decrease the grain yield. A year later, soil pH, OM content and CEC were higher with the compost treatment. Total P, K, Ca and Na concentrations in compost-amended plots were higher than in mineral-fertilized ones, and no significant differences between treatments were found in soil concentrations of NH4+--N,NO3- --N, available P, Mg and B. Compost caused no heavy metal pollution into the soil. Therefore, this compost would be a good substitute for the mineral fertilizers generally used for basal dressing in maize growing.     

Overview of waste stabilization with cement

Cement can treat a variety of wastes by improving physical characteristics (solidification) and reducing the toxicity and mobility of contaminants (stabilization). Potentially adverse waste-binder interactions are an important consideration because they can limit solidification. Stabilization occurs when a contaminant is converted from the dissolved (mobile) phase to a solid (immobile) phase by reactions, such as precipitation, sorption, or substitution. These reactions are often strongly affected by pH, so the presence of components of the waste that control pH are critical to stabilization reactions. Evaluating environmental impacts can be accomplished in a tiered strategy in which simplest approach would be to measure the maximum amount of contaminant that could be released. Alternatively, the sequence of release can be determined, either by microcosm tests that attempt to simulate conditions in the disposal zone or by mechanistic models that attempt to predict behavior using fundamental characteristics of the treated waste.     

Biofiltration of airstreams contaminated with MTBE

The treatment of groundwater contaminated with low concentrations of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is of nationwide concern. Many treatment techniques include removing MTBE vapors from groundwater, resulting in airstreams that require treatment. One method used for air‐phase MTBE treatment is biofiltration. In a biofilter, the vapors pass through a reactor that contains MTBE‐biodegrading organisms attached to a porous media. This article reports the results of a biofiltration study to treat air contaminated with MTBE at concentrations of 0.2 to 0.33 mg/l, concentrations frequently encountered in the field. The results indicate that MTBE removal at these low concentrations is not as efficient as removals seen at higher concentrations. Activated carbon was shown to be a superior biofiltration medium, compared with media that do not adsorb MTBE vapors. Activated carbon was especially helpful in treatment shock loads of MTBE. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Remediation of sites contaminated with TCE

Widespread use of trichloroethylene (TCE) in the U.S. has resulted in its frequent detection in soil and groundwater. TCE can become a health hazard after being processed in the human liver; or reductive dehalogenation in the environment may result in production of vinyl chloride, a known carcinogen. This has generated a high degree of interest in efficient and cost-effective technologies that can be used to remediate soil and ground-water contaminated with TCE. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss relevant physicochemical properties and reactive mechanisms of TCE, and to delineate and discuss promising remediation methodologies that have been proposed and/or demonstrated for restoring contaminated subsurface environments. The information in this article has been funded wholly or in part by the U.S. EPA under contract No. 68–C8–0058 to Dynamac Corporation; it has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review process and approved for publication.     

善谋实干，千亿产业园在崛起——梧州再生资源循环利用园区实施国家“城市矿产”示范基地侧记

梧州再生资源循环利用园区作为第二批国家“城市矿产”示范基地,抓机遇,转观念,围绕再生资源产业发展循环经济,主动承接产业转移,扩大招商引资规模,不断完善、延伸再生资源产业链条,园区将围绕打造千亿产业园平台,做大做强再生资源循环利用产业。     

用钢渣处理含砷废水

对用钢渣处理含硫废水进行了试验，用配水探讨了钢渣投加量，水样，ＰＨ，混合时间等因素对除砷效果的影响，结果表明，钢渣具有较好的除砷效果。     

混合菌修复石油污染土壤

选取4种从石油污染土壤中分离出的石油降解菌（包括根瘤菌（A）、节细菌（B）、嗜盐菌（C）和芽孢杆菌（D）），对模拟石油污染土壤进行了微生物修复实验。考察了4种菌单独使用时的石油降解率，确定了混合菌的最佳配比和菌群的最优培养条件，并对比了微生物修复前后土壤的各项性质。实验结果表明：4种菌均可提高微生物修复石油污染土壤的修复效果，使用D菌时石油降解率最高；当混合菌的w（A）∶w（B）∶w（C）∶w（D）=12∶2∶21∶65时，在培养条件为混合菌接种量122.0 mL/kg、土壤含水率14%（w）、鸡粪加入量90 g/kg、麦糠加入量150 g/kg和表面活性剂加入量22 mL/kg的情况下，土壤的修复效果最好，40 d后石油降解率达66.95%；经混合菌修复的石油污染土壤，其肥力明显升高，脱氢酶、过氧化酶和脲酶的活性均升高，微生物数量也有明显增加。