首届全国资源综合利用产业发展大会在厦门召开

首届全国资源综合利用产业发展大会2012年4月20—23日在厦门召开。来自国内的30多位行业权威专家以及500多名企业代表齐聚厦门，共同探讨如何推动资源综合利用产业转型升级，推动建立产业发展的长效机制。据了解，本届大会以宣传贯彻产业政策、推动产业升级、培育产业集群为主题，内容涵盖共伴生矿高效开发与尾矿综合利用、     

乡村振兴背景下发展循环农业经济的路径研究——以秸秆综合利用为例

为实现乡村振兴,推进农业现代化成为当前农业工作的重中之重,循环农业成为了实现农业高速发展的有效途径。我国是农业大国,可利用的农业资源极为丰富。推动农业循环经济发展,建立健全绿色低碳发展的循环农业体系,不仅可以提高资源的利用效率,改善能源结构,同时可以加快农业农村经济向绿色低碳发展模式转变。文章以秸秆综合利用为例,提出循环农业经济发展的重要性,在此基础上,探索循环农业经济发展的路径,并提出相关政策建议,为我国实现乡村振兴和双碳目标作出积极贡献。     

国家发展改革委办公厅 工业和信息化部办公厅关于推进大宗固体废弃物综合利用产业集聚发展的通知

<正>发改办环资[2019]44号各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市、新疆生产建设兵团发展改革委、工业和信息化主管部门:为落实《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要》《循环发展引领行动》和《工业绿色发展规划》,促进产业集聚,提高资源综合利用水平,推动资源综合利用产业高质量发展,拟开展大宗固体废弃物综合利用基地建设。     

基于循环经济的包装产业集群生态化发展研究

包装产业集群发展已经成为包装产业发展的新模式,推动了我国包装经济快速发展的同时,也带来了严峻的环境问题,影响了包装产业集群的可持续发展。资源压力和环境污染迫使包装产业集群改变传统的线性经济发展模式,将循环经济发展模式引入到集群发展,对包装产业集群的生态化发展具有重要的现实意义。     

国家发展改革委办公厅 工业和信息化部办公厅关于发布资源综合利用基地名单的通知

<正>发改办环资[2019]1009号各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市、新疆生产建设兵团发展改革委、工业和信息化主管部门:为落实《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要》《循环发展引领行动》和《工业绿色发展规划》,促进产业集聚推动资源综合利用产业高质量发展,切实提升资源综合利用水平,国家发展改革委办公厅、工业和信息化部办公厅     

区域静脉产业发展路径及保障体系研究——以定西市为例

基于资源短缺和环境污染的现实,以节约资源与保护环境为目的的静脉产业发展具有重要意义。以定西市为案例,从再生资源回收体系、城乡生活垃圾综合利用体系、工业固体废弃物综合利用体系、农业废弃物综合利用体系4个方面阐述区域静脉产业发展路径,并为路径的优化建立政策保障、评价保障、技术保障、信息保障等保障体系,帮助政府、企业和公众等实现对区域静脉产业发展的系统认知,加快区域静脉产业发展。     

天津确立循环经济发展布局 八产业纳入绿色轨道

从天津市发改委获悉，为了提高城市功能和资源有效配置率，天津市将依托产业发展规划初步确立8个循环经济产业布局。有关部门将按照上下游产业对接的原则发展具有行业特色的循环经济技术和产业链条，并重点发展15项循环经济技术，从而深层次推动天津市建设资源节约、清洁生产和资源综合利用型城市的步伐。     

国家发展改革委办公厅关于开展资源综利用“双百工程”建设的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市、新疆生产建设兵团发展改革委,经贸委（经委、经信委）,有关中央企业： 为贯彻落实《国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》提出的“提高资源综合利用水平”和“培育一批资源综合利用示范基地”的总体要求,根据《“十二五”资源综合利用指导意见》和《大宗固体废物综合利用实施方案》等文件部署,我委决定开展资源综合利用“双百工程”建设,“十二五”期间将在全国重点培育和扶持百个资源综合利用示范工程（基地）和百家资源综合利用骨干企业,发挥示范引领作用,带动整体水平提升,推动战略．『生新兴产业发展,加快经济发展方式转变。现就有关事项通知如下：     

再生资源综合利用行业规范条件培训班在大连举行

<正>为宣贯再生资源综合利用行业规范条件,推动再生资源产业健康发展,工业和信息化部节能与综合利用司于2015年9月17—18日在大连举办了再生资源综合利用行业规范条件培训班。来自全国各省市工业和信息化主管部门、相关协会代表共60名学员参加了培训。本次培训邀请了财政部、中国社会科学院、同济大学有关专家、学者以及行业代表,讲授了生态文明建设与循环经济、国内外再生资源产业发展态势与政策、资源综合利用增值税政策、再生资源综合利用行业规范条件、典型企业案例等内容。本次培训还组织学员赴当地资源综合利用企业进行     

简讯

正2020年天津资源循环利用产业规模将达360亿元资源循环利用产业是中国经济发展的新增长点。近年来,我国循环经济在重点行业和领域取得了较好的经济和环境效益。记者从天津市工信委获悉,为打造区域循环经济,实现资源的再生利用,天津市工信委近日组织编写了《天津市资源循环利用产业发展三年行动计划(2018—2020)》(以下简称《行动计划》)。《行动计划》提出,到"十三五"末,天津市主要工业固体废弃物综合利用率将保持在98%以上,全市资源循环利用技     

Programs assessing implementation and effectiveness of state forest practice rules and BMPs in the West

The major forest nonpoint source control programs in the West are largely regulatory, either under forest practices acts (California, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington) or a streamside management act (Montana). These programs and the specific rules they enforce continue to undergo intensive scrutiny. Still, the questions are the same for these regulatory programs as for states that base nonpoint source control on voluntary BMPs (Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming). Are the rules or BMPs being applied, and are they effective in reducing nonpoint source pollution to levels that protect beneficial uses of water? The level of debate about forestry in the West has resulted in detailed monitoring and research to answer these questions. In the past, state agencies have assumed levels of BMP compliance based on the percent of operations without enforcement actions. These estimates are being replaced by statistically valid and reproducible monitoring of forest practices rules and BMP compliance levels. BMP effectiveness is being assessed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. This can involve field assessments, process-based research, and control watershed studies. Some trend monitoring is also beginning. With the regional implementation rate for forestry BMPs at about 94% and rising, it is likely that effectiveness testing will continue to be a priority and consume the majority of assessment resources for this region.     

Effect of Coconut, Sisal and Jute Fibers on the Properties of Starch/Gluten/Glycerol Matrix

Coconut, sisal and jute fibers were added as reinforcement materials in a biodegradable polymer matrix comprised of starch/gluten/glycerol. The content of fibers used in the composites varied from 5% to 30% by weight of the total polymers (starch and gluten). Materials were processed in a Haake torque rheometer (120 °C, 50 rpm) for 6 min. The mixtures obtained were molded by heat compression and further characterized. Addition of lignocellulosic fibers in the matrix decreased the water absorption at equilibrium. The diffusion coefficient decreased sharply around 5% fiber concentration, and further fiber additions caused only small variations. The thermogravimetric (TG) analysis revealed improved thermal stability of matrix upon addition of fibers. The Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength increased with fiber content in the matrix. The storage modulus increased with increasing fiber content, whereas tanδ curves decreased, confirming the reinforcing effect of the fibers. Morphology of the composites analyzed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) exhibited good interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the added fibers. Matrix degraded rapidly in compost, and addition of increased amounts of coconut fiber in the matrix caused a slowdown the biodegradability of the matrix. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.     

Quantification of Polymerisation Processes During The Oxidative Degradation of 14C-Labelled Chlorophenols

In experiments employing the lignocellulose-decaying basidiomycetes Trametes versicolor and Stropharia rugosoannulata degrading uniformly¹⁴C-labelled 2,4-dichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol, acombination of size exclusion chromatography (SEC),fractionation, and -scintillation counting wasapplied to quantify polymerisation products formed duringchlorophenol degradation. Time-dependent mass balances weregenerated by analysis of ¹⁴C in polymerisation products,CO₂, as well as monomer non-polar and polar metabolites.Approximately 30% of the chlorophenols were found to bepolymerised. A major fraction of the polymerised productscorresponded to a molecular weight range from 0.24 – 40 kDa.Only a minor fraction could be attributed to a molecularweight >40 kDa. This method proved to be useful inquantification of polymerisation products and kinetics of thepolymerisation processes, whereas UV/Vis detection ofpolymerisation products separated by SEC led to false positiveresults. The SEC-¹⁴C method could also be applied forother complex processes where polymerisation ordepolymerisation occurs (humification, degradation oflignocellulose, formation of bound residues from xenobioticssuch as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) and where spectrophotometric determinationsare difficult or impossible.     

The Relative Influences of Primary and Secondary Particulates to Urban Air Quality in the United Kingdom

This study uses a combination of data from U.K. monitoringstations and from modelling undertaken with the U.K.Meteorological Office's NAME Model to investigate therelative influences of primary and secondary particulateson total PM₁₀ levels at sites in the United Kingdom. Co-located PM₁₀ and sulphate aerosol measurementsindicate that sulphate has a disproportionately largeinfluence on the variation of PM₁₀ levels incomparison to its contribution to their total mass.Comparisons of measured PM₁₀ at urban centre, roadsideand rural sites suggest that local primary sources havevery little influence on daily mean levels. NAME has beenused to model both primary particles and sulphate aerosolfrom sources across the whole of Europe. The discrepanciesbetween modelled and observed PM₁₀ suggest that coarseparticles, such as windblown dust and resuspended roaddust,may comprise a very large, if not dominant, proportion ofobserved PM₁₀ levels. The apparently minor role ofprimary particles (especially locally-sourced ones) raisesa number of issues regarding the suitability of current U.K.and European legislation to addressing the particle problem.     

Hysteresis in Reversal of Central European Mountain Lakes from Atmospheric Acidification

Extremely high emissions of S and N compounds in Central Europe (both 280 mmol m^-2 yr^-1) declined by 70and 35%, respectively, during the last decade. Decreaseddeposition rates of SO₄ ^-2, NO₃ ^-, and NH₄ ⁺ in the region paralleled emission declines. The reduction in atmospheric inputs of S and N to mountain ecosystemshas resulted in a pronounced reversal of acidification in the Tatra Mountains and Bohemian Forest lakes. Between the 1987–1990and 1997–1999 periods, concentrations of SO₄ ^-2 and NO₃ ^- decreased (average ± standard deviation) by 22±7 and 12±7 mol L^-1, respectively, in theTatra Mountains, and by 19±7 and 15±10 mol L^-1, respectively, in the Bohemian Forest. Their decrease was compensated in part (1) by a decrease in Ca²⁺ + Mg²⁺ (17±7 mol L^-1) and H⁺ (4±6 mol L^-1), and an increase in HCO₃ ^-(10±10 mol L^-1) in the Tatra Mountains lakes, and (2) by a decrease in Al (7±4 mol L^-1), Ca²⁺ + Mg²⁺ (9±6 mol L^-1), and H⁺ (6±5 mol L^-1), in Bohemian Forest lakes. Despite the rapid decline in lake water concentrations of SO₄ ^-2 and NO₃ ^- in response to reduced S and N emissions, their present concentrations in some lakes are higher than predictionsbased on observed concentrations at comparable emission rates during development of acidification. This hysteresis in chemical reversal from acidification has delayed biological recovery of the lakes. The only unequivocal sign of biological recovery hasbeen observed in erné Lake (Bohemian Forest) where a cladoceran species Ceriodaphnia quadrangular has recentlyreached its pre-acidification abundance.     

Reconstruction of Long-Term Changes in Lake water Chemistry,Zooplankton and Benthos of a Small,Acidified High-Mountain Lake: Magic Modelling and Palaeolimnogical Analysis

Starolesnianske pleso is a small and shallow acid lake in the High Tatra Mountains, situated at 2000 m above sea level, on granitic bedrock, with sparse and thin soil cover. When detailed measurements began in the 1980s Starolesnianske pleso had pH below 5 and only one species of cladoceran zooplankton, the ubiquitous Chydorus sphaericusPalaeolimnological investigations show changes in cladoceran zooplankton and chironomid zoobenthic assemblages since about 1920 and a major change in 1970–1980. The dynamic acidification model MAGIC was used to reconstruct changes in water chemistry over the past 150 years. The results from MAGIC agree well with the sediment record; pH levels gradually decreased from 6.5 in the mid-1800s to about 5.6 in 1920 (first response in biota) to below 5.0 by 1970, and concentrations of inorganic aluminium rose dramatically beginning about 1960. In the 1990s the lake water chemistry showed clear signs of reversal in acidification brought about by a major decline in S deposition.     

Changes in Extractability of Cr and Pb in a Polycontaminated Soil After Bioaugmentation With Microbial Producers of Biosurfactants, Organic Acids and Siderophores

Partly because of the low bioavailability of metals, the soil cleaning-up using phytoremediation is usually time-consuming. In order to enhance the amount of metals at the plant's disposal, the soil bioaugmentation coupled together with phytoextraction is an emerging technology. In this preliminary work, two agricultural soils which mainly differed in their Cr, Hg and Pb contents (LC, low-contaminated soil; HC, high-contaminated soil) were bioaugmented in laboratory conditions by either bacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens or Ralstonia metallidurans) or fungal inocula (Aspergillus niger or Penicillium simplicissimum) and incubated during three weeks. The LC soil pots bioaugmented with A. niger and P. aeruginosa contained higher concentrations of Cr (0.08 and 0.25 mg.kg⁻¹ dw soil) and Pb (0.25 and 0.3 mg.kg⁻¹ dw soil) in the exchangeable fraction F1 (extraction with MgCl₂) by comparison with the non-bioaugmented soil where neither Cr nor Pb was detected. Conversely, immobilization of Cr and Pb in the soil were observed with the other microorganisms. The soil bioaugmentation not only modified the metal speciation for the most easily extractable fractions but also modified the distribution of metals in the other fractions, to a lesser extent nevertheless. The difference in microbial concentrations between the bioaugmented or not HC soils reached up to 1.8 log units. Thus the microorganisms that we chose for the soil bioaugmentation were competitive towards the indigenous microflora. The PCA analysis showed close positive relationships between the microorganisms which potentially produced siderophores in the soil and the amount of Cr and Pb in the fraction F1.     

Heavy Metals Removal by Biosorption and Flotation

The removal of a mixture of heavy (toxic) metal cations (copper, nickeland zinc) from liquid effluents was investigated in this study at pilotscale, using counter-current contact mode. The innovative processinvolved the abstraction of metal ions onto fungal biosorbents, followedby the application of flotation for the subsequent solid/liquid separationof biomass particles. The ability of microorganisms to remove metal ionsfrom aqueous solutions is a well-known phenomenon. Nevertheless,engineering considerations are very important in decisions, concerningthe commercial future of biosorption and practical solutions are neededfor certain problems, such as the efficient post-separation ofmetal-loaded biomass. The two processes (flotation and biosorption) caneffectively operate in combination, in what it was termed biosorptiveflotation process. The sorbents may be recycled, after appropriate elutionof metals, as well as the treated (clean) water.     

酸浸出法回收冶金污泥中的有价金属

采用二次酸浸出的方法回收镍钴湿法冶金工业污泥中的有价金属。先采用水和硫酸作为浸出剂浸出Mg和Na,最佳工艺条件为浸出液的pH 7.5、浸出时间5 min、浸出剂体积与干污泥质量的比(ω)为10 mL/g。再采用硫酸作为浸出剂、焦亚硫酸钠作为还原剂进行二次酸浸,在硫酸与污泥质量比为1.3、焦亚硫酸钠与污泥质量比为0.3、ω为5 mL/g、浸出温度85℃、浸出时间20 min的最佳工艺条件下,Co、Ni、Cu、Mn和Zn的浸出率分别达92.45%、93.48%、89.52%、97.78%和94.79%。经XRD表征,浸出后污泥中未见原污泥中的矿物相,说明原污泥中的矿物几乎全部被溶解。     

不同原料生物炭对NH4+-N、PO43--P吸附性能的差异性及其成因分析

以芦苇、小麦秸秆和竹子为原料,利用回流式炭化工艺制备3种生物炭。比较三者对NH_4~+-N、PO_4~(3-)-P的吸附性能,并对三者吸附性能差异的成因进行分析。实验结果表明:3种生物炭对PO_4~(3-)-P的吸附效果整体上优于NH_4~+-N,因为3种生物炭的阳离子交换容量CEC值和Zeta电位绝对值的水平均较低,不利于阳离子的吸附;竹炭Z-C对NH_4~+-N的吸附效果最佳,6 h去除率为3.59%,低的N含量、pH及Zeta电位绝对值对NH_4~+-N的吸附有利;芦苇炭LW-C中的O更多地与K、Mg等结合,形成能够与PO_4~(3-)反应生成磷酸盐沉淀或者晶体物质的金属氧化物,从而具有最好的PO_4~(3-)-P的吸附效果,6 h时去除率达16.91%。