利用粉煤灰研制高效无机混凝剂聚硅酸铝

高效无机混凝剂是目前水处理研究的热点。聚硅酸铝盐是一类新型无机高分子混凝剂，该类混凝剂是在活化硅酸(即聚硅酸)及铝盐混凝剂的基础上发展起来的聚硅酸与铝盐的复合产物，具有电中和及吸附架桥作用。此类混凝剂混凝效果好，原料来源广，价格低廉，经该类混凝剂处理后的水中残留物少。     

新型复合混凝剂CD的研制及其对含油废水的混凝效果

用铝矾土、铝酸钙、六水三氯化铁和盐酸为原料制备新型复合混凝剂CD，考察了其混凝性能，讨论了混凝机理。制备复合混凝剂CD的最佳工艺条件：合成反应时间2h，合成反应pH约4．0，产品的盐基度约80％。混凝实验结果表明：复合混凝剂CD对含油废水的混凝处理效果优于混凝剂聚合氯化铝和聚合硫酸铁；复合混凝剂CD对废水pH（6～9）和废水温度（5～30℃）的适用范围较宽，由傅里叶红外光谱可推断复合混凝剂CD是由多种元素构成的无机高分子聚合物。     

用煤矸石和鼓风炉淤泥制备聚硅酸铁铝混凝剂

研究了以煤矸石和鼓风炉淤泥为原料，在常压条件下制备高效混凝剂凝剂聚硅酸铁铝的方法，确定了合理的生产工艺和操作条件，用该混凝剂处理实际废水，并与聚合硫酸铁的处理效果进行比较，结果表明，出水COD和色度去除率均提高约30%，SS去除率提高约10%，同时探讨了该混凝剂处理废水的反应机理。     

湿法烟气脱硫废水中硫化物的去除试验研究

介绍了聚合硫酸铝铁（PAFS）去除湿法烟气脱硫废水中硫化物的原理。用聚合硫酸铝铁作混凝剂对定州电厂脱硫废水中硫化物进行了处理，并研究了pH值、混凝剂量、搅拌时间等因素对处理效果的影响。     

改性粉煤灰混凝剂处理工业混合废水的试验研究

通过混合酸、氯化钠制备改性粉煤灰混凝剂,探讨粉煤灰粒度、酸用量、加热时间、反应温度等对废水处理效果的影响,得出制备混凝剂最佳工艺方案。通过正交试验,用最佳混凝剂处理工业混合废水,找出混凝剂投量、废水pH值、搅拌时间及静置时间等最佳参数,探索一条以废治废的可行方法。     

混凝技术在印染废水处理中的应用及研究进展

概括了混凝技术在印染废水的预处理和深度处理以及印染废水回用工艺的预处理等领域的应用情况。介绍了目前用于印染废水处理的无机混凝剂、有机絮凝剂及复合混凝剂等的应用发展现状。复合混凝剂因各组分之间的协同作用提高了混凝性能,减少了投药量,进而降低了混凝污泥的产量。应对有机组分进行阳离子化,以减少无机组分的用量,并通过接枝反应等制备出具有多支链、含较多具有吸附功能的官能团结构的有机高分子,以提高混凝效果。应进一步针对实际印染废水,考察其他污染物以及实际操作条件对混凝效果的影响,以优化改良复合混凝剂。     

用聚合硅酸铁处理砷化镓生产废水的研究

用自制的聚合硅酸铁(PFSiC)对砷化镓生产中的含砷废水进行混凝处理。试验考察了硅铁比、熟化时间、PFSiC投加量、出水pH等对砷去除效果的影响，并与常用铁系混凝剂的除砷效果进行了比较。结果表明：在硅铁比为0．5：1、熟化时间为5d、PFSiC投加量为7～9mg／L、出水pH为6～8时，砷去除率达98．6％，除砷效果明显优于常规铁系混凝剂，出水水质达到GB8978—1996三级排放标准。     

高炉渣制备聚硅酸硫酸铝铁混凝剂

以高炉渣为原料,分别采用酸浸及碱浸-酸化工艺得到铁、铝离子及聚硅酸,再将铁、铝离子引入聚硅酸制得聚硅酸硫酸铝铁(PSAFS)混凝剂。考察了PSAFS的聚合条件对焦化废水混凝效果的影响,并与市售混凝剂进行了对比。实验结果表明:PSAFS的最佳制备条件为n(Al+Fe)∶n(Si)=0.53,混凝剂p H=1,熟化时间0.5 h,熟化温度60℃;PSAFS加入量为4 m L/L时,混凝效果最好,对焦化废水的浊度和COD的去除率分别达到98.9%和74.5%;PSAFS的性能优于市售的3种混凝剂。     

复合混凝剂CAF的研制与净水效果试验

以天然物质甲壳素制备壳聚糖,并用壳聚糖、聚合铝和三氯化铁制成了复合混凝剂ＣＡＦ。详细介绍了制备甲壳素、壳聚糖、ＣＡＦ的工艺流程和最佳工艺参数,试验结果表明,ＣＡＦ的净水效果明显优于无机混凝剂聚合铝和三氯化铁。     

综合印染废水混凝试验研究

考察了几种常用混凝剂对印染废水的处理效果。研究表明，在最佳pH值9～11时，硫酸亚铁具有较好的处理效果；复配试验表明，当硫酸亚铁投加量为400mg／l，熟石灰400mg／1，PAM为2mg／l时，COD去除率76．3％，色度去除率94．5％．处理成本为0．16元／t。     

循环冷却水浓缩倍率对凝汽器管路的腐蚀和结垢趋势

利用水质判断指数来预测不同循环冷却水浓缩倍率下水的结垢趋势，确定形成最佳碳酸钙保护膜所对应的浓缩倍率，以达到最经济的防止循环冷却水系统腐蚀和结垢的目的.     

燃煤电厂建设过程中的水土保持设计方案探讨

通过介绍燃煤电厂建设中水土保持方案的主要工作内容，阐述了燃煤电厂水土保持状况的一般特点和水土流失治理的常见方案，说明了对项目区水土流失状况的分析和预测以及合理分区，分类指导，建立不同时期的防治措施体系在燃煤火电厂水土保持设计方案中的重要性。     

Evaluating Demand Management Aspects of Urban Water Policy. The City of Volos Case,Greece

This paper examines the perspectives of the implementation of a demand-oriented policy concerning residential water use, which covers almost 70% of urban water. Water demand, water pricing policy, as well as building capacity are examined and evaluated in order to investigate the current situation in urban water management in the city of Volos with reference to residential water use. The application of IWR-MAIN model in order to estimate future water needs and form different scenarios for sustainable water resources management together with a field survey in various water issues conducted in 966 citizens of the city of Volos justify the urgent need for the adoption of a demand driven policy.     

A Preliminary Laboratory Study of Initial Copper Release from Dredge Residuals

A preliminary laboratory study was conducted to investigate the impact of different residual types and sediment surface roughness on copper contaminant fluxes to the water column. Sediments from Torch Lake, Michigan served as the test samples. These sediments are mining by‐products with elevated Cu levels. Six experiments were run during which the sediments were conditioned to simulate different forms of residuals. During these experiments, the water column above the sediments was circulated via peristaltic pumping or orbital shaking and the total and dissolved Cu levels were monitored periodically for 15 days. Dissolved Cu levels indicated that during the first 48 hr the water column concentrations approached equilibrium for all six cases. Total Cu levels increased with time and did reach equilibrium but were more susceptible to fluctuations in water column suspended solids levels. Analysis of the resulting dissolved Cu data indicated that the resulting water column Cu concentrations differed with sediment surface and residual type. The highest dissolved Cu water column concentrations were observed for a roughened surface with a larger surface area. The lowest water column dissolved Cu levels were observed for the case with sediment slurry placed over clean sand. The dissolved Cu levels in the water column for all six simulated conditions were several orders higher than the USEPA ambient water quality criteria for protection of aquatic life. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.*     

Physical and mechanical properties of cement-based products containing incineration bottom ash

This paper presents the results of a wider experimental programme conducted in the framework of the NNAPICS ("Neural Network Analysis for Prediction of Interactions in Cement/Waste Systems") project funded by the European Commission and a number of industrial partners under Brite-EuRamIII. Based on the fact that bottom ashes from waste incineration are classified as non-hazardous wastes according to the European Waste Catalogue, the aim of the present work was to investigate the feasibility of addressing the potential use of such residues in cement-based mixtures. This issue was suggested by the analysis of the properties of different bottom ashes coming from Italian municipal and hospital solid waste incinerators, which showed a chemical composition potentially suitable for such applications. Different mixes were prepared by blending bottom ash with ordinary Portland cement in different proportions and at different water dosages. The solidified products were tested for setting time and bulk density, unconfined compressive strength and evaporable water content at different curing times. The results of the experimental campaign were analysed through a statistical procedure (analysis of variance), in order to investigate the effect of mixture composition (waste replacement level and water dosage) on the product properties.     

石灰石-石膏法烟气脱硫系统处理废稀硫酸

采用石灰石-石膏法脱硫装置处理废稀硫酸.研究了石灰石浆液和废稀硫酸的不同投加顺序以及不同反应晶种(石膏浆液、石膏稀浆液)对所得石膏晶粒形态和抽滤物含水率的影响.试验结果表明:与废稀硫酸加入石灰石浆液的方式相比,石灰石浆液加入废稀硫酸的方式更利于石膏结晶,晶粒更大,所得石膏抽滤物含水率更低;以石膏浆液和石膏稀浆液作为反应...     

Water Retention Capacity of Polysaccharides from Prickly Pear Nopals of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Opuntia Ficus Indica</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Opuntia Litoralis</Emphasis>: Physical–Chemical Approach

Polysaccharides were isolated from nopals mucilage pulp and peel of Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI) and Opuntia litoralis (OL) by aqueous extraction and purified by ultrafiltration. Studying the glycosyl residue composition, these polysaccharides were assumed to be rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I). The macromolecular features of these compounds have been characterized by SEC/MALLS and by low shear viscosimetry. In the present work, we have undertaken a comparative study about different polysaccharides resulting from OFI and OL growing in different area. This comparison is to see the influence of the geographical area in which these two plants push on the mechanism of retention of water by the different polysaccharides extract. The polysaccharides resulting from the nopal peels of the two plants are highly methylated (>70%), thus they are much more hydrophobic especially for peels of OFI growing in the desert area than those resulting from pulps. Consequently, they probably prevent the evaporation of water in nopals by increasing their water retention capacity. Prickly pear nopals of OFI and OL contain a significant amount of water (>80%), carbohydrates (75% compared to the soluble matter), proteins (8% compared to the soluble matter) and salt (17% compared to the soluble matter). Thus, they represent an important source of water and alimentation especially in the arid and semi-arid areas.     

基于GIS的湖泊区域地表水环境影响评价方法

对地理信息系统（Geographic Information System，GIS）技术在地表水环境影响评价中的应用进行了系统分析，指出了应用GIS的技术优势。通过实例研究，提出了基于GIS的区域地表水环境影响评价的方法步骤。在环境监测数据的基础上，利用计算机软件ArcView对BOD5和COD两个评价参数的监测值在水域中的空间分布进行分析，绘制区域等值线，结合地表水评价标准，进行水质评价，确定不同等级水质的空间分布区域。最后对应用GIS应注意的问题进行了分析。     

重金属废水处理与资源化利用现状

重金属废水的排放是重金属污染的重要源头之一。介绍了目前国内外用于处理不同重坌属废水的方法，以及重金属废水资源化可采用的多种工艺。在重金属废水资源化技术中，膜分离技术起着十分重要的作用。     

粘土对水中氟离子吸附去除机理的研究

研究了用粘土和天然絮凝剂MR去除水中氟离子的机理，探讨了吸附时间、溶液温度及pH对吸附的影响。结果证明，吸附过程属一级反应，在不同温度下吸附平衡遵循Langmuir等温式。同时也计算了热力学参数。