共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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讨论了传统的物质流分析(MFA)方法用于城市生活垃圾代谢分析的适用性及不足之处,在此基础上结合城市生活垃圾的处理流程,对传统的MFA框架进行了改进,构建了适合城市生活垃圾代谢分析的框架,并对新框架的3个模块进行了详细的说明,建立了相应的评价指标体系并给出了应用实例。城市生活垃圾循环利用系统物质代谢分析框架能够清楚地描述生活垃圾进入经济系统后的具体流向和流量,为描述城市生活垃圾的代谢情况提供了定性及定量化的分析工具。 相似文献
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以产业物质代谢模型和生态效率理论为基础,采用权重分析法对我国2009年38个重点行业的资源环境效率和经济效率进行了评估。研究表明:机械设备制造相关行业可作为我国产业结构调整优先发展的领域,化工、钢铁等重工业行业是我国循环经济的重点。 相似文献
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张沛 《再生资源与循环经济》2016,(4):6-11
运用物质流核算方法,得到北京市2005—2013年直接物质输入量(DMI)和生产过程排放量(DPO),并应用Tapio脱钩模型,对北京市2006—2013年经济增长与物质代谢的脱钩关系及程度进行研究,分析发展的时间演变趋势。借助STIRPAT模型,对直接物质输入量的影响因素进行分析。结果表明:2006—2013年北京市经济增长与DMI基本实现"弱脱钩";DPO呈下降趋势,与经济增长呈"强脱钩"状态;城市化率、产业结构、人口和人均GDP对DMI均有促进作用,其中城市化率对DMI的影响最大。 相似文献
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国外物质流分析研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
回顾了国外物质流分析研究的起源和发展,并对其主流研究方法作一概述;探讨了物质流分析研究框架及指标体系的发展及应用,对30余个国家的指标体系使用情况做一统计;总结了国外已研究物质流分析的主要国家物质流分析信息的应用情况;指出了国外物质流分析研究的不足之处。 相似文献
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介绍了我国新化学物质管理工作的进展,并针对存在的问题提出一些建议:编制我国的新化学物质环境管理法规,要从我国实际情况出发,可以借鉴国外的经验,但不能照搬国外的法规;我国新化学物质的管理应纳入整个化学物质管理之中,充分利用现有的化学物质管理组织机构来监管新化学物质,执行现有的危险化学物质、有毒化学物质、危险废物的储存、运输、生产方面的相关规章制度。 相似文献
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采用欧洲经济合作与发展组织(OECD)的生物降解测试标准方法——301F测压呼吸计量法,考察了2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮(BP-3)和2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸(BP-4)的好氧生物降解性能,并研究了降解动力学及共代谢现象。实验结果表明:BP-3和BP-4的可生物降解率分别为68.36%和41.34%;根据OECD快速降解性判定标准,BP-3划归为易快速降解物质,而BP-4为不易快速降解物质;两种物质的生物降解可用一级动力学描述,半衰期分别为1.986 d和2.806 d;根据欧盟法规《化学品的注册、评估、授权和限制》(REACH法规),BP-3和BP-4均非持久性物质;与苯甲酸钠共存时,BP-3和BP-4的降解过程均表现出共代谢现象。 相似文献
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李凯 《再生资源与循环经济》2013,(11):5-9
循环经济落实到实处,不仅需要从技术端不断推进新技术在生产活动各领域的应用,更需要一个整体的资源和能源管理体系.物质流核算即是通过对国家、地区或产业的实物流的核算,理清资源和能源使用过程.通过针对循环经济发展较为成熟的煤炭产业进行物质流核算的指标体系构建,找到一些建立物质流核算体系的思路,并提出具体政策建议. 相似文献
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Yuichi Moriguchi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(2):112-120
This article reviews recent progress in material flow analysis and its use in providing resource productivity indicators and
is based on developments in Japanese policy toward a sound material-cycle society and in international forums such as within
the Organisation for Economic Development and Cooperation, covering both institutional and methodological issues. Indicators
derived from economy-wide material flow accounts such as direct material inputs are useful to demonstrate the absolute size
of a physical economy and to reinforce the need to both reduce consumption of natural resources and limit waste generation.
Interpretation of material flows as resources and potential environmental impacts is discussed, and linkages between the size
of material flows and specific environmental impacts and damage must be further elaborated for use in environmental policy.
Lessons learned from the practical use of resource productivity indicators are also discussed. Additional indicators are needed
that can be used to evaluate the performance of microeconomic contributors. The need for an integrated approach that links
upstream resource issues and downstream waste issues through the 3Rs concept or the circular economy/society concept is attracting
increasing attention. Consequently, the accumulation of reliable scientific knowledge and data in this field in a fully international
context is essential. 相似文献
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Ren Yong 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(2):121-129
This article makes an attempt to answer the three questions of why China is devoting its full effort to promoting a circular
economy, what a circular economy is, and how to implement a circular economy in China. The evolutionary process of a circular
economy in China, from introduction of the concept and the relevant actions of national decision making to demonstration of
the system nationwide, has taken only around 6 years, with strong encouragement from politicians and the urgent need to cope
with environmental pollution and a severe shortage of natural resources. The circular economy in China is now being actively
implemented at three levels: enterprises, eco-industrial parks, and regions. The consolidated theoretical bases of ecology
and economics have helped the circular economy to define its position as a new economic model to effectively resolve the problems
of resources and the environment. In this regard, material flow management is naturally a unique planning and management method
for implementation of a circular economy, and eco-efficiency is a good indicator to measure circular economic activities.
Of particular significance has been initiation of the legislative process for the Circular Economy Law, which is among a number
of initiatives developing core policies for a circular economy in China. Stringent enforcement of a set of policies for energy
saving and pollution abatement nowadays in China will certainly create an enabling environment for the development of a circular
economy. 相似文献
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李丹 《再生资源与循环经济》2012,5(9):13-17
《循环经济促进法》正式施行以来,循环经济法规制度体系逐渐完善,循环经济发展模式日趋成熟,循环经济试点工作进展显著,催生了一批符合循环经济要求的新技术和工艺。但是也存在着循环经济发展地区间尚不平衡,配套法规规章和规范性文件尚不健全,支撑体系尚较薄弱,激励措施和相关政策有待完善等问题。为此,要抓紧制定完善配套法规、规章和标准,进一步理顺体制机制,加快出台循环经济发展规划和经济激励政策,强化关键技术研发,全面推广循环经济发展典型模式,积极培育循环经济服务产业,加快相关支撑体系建设。 相似文献
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环境污染成为我国可持续发展当中面对的最大问题,发展循环经济是必然选择,然而资金问题制约了循环经济的深入发展。从政府和市场两个角度分析了循环经济发展中融资约束的原因,针对性地提出政府和市场各尽其责、完善支持循环经济发展的融资体系的想法,并以最新的环保项目融资为切入点,为政府与市场的融资合作创新提供了一些思路,最后建议通过实现循环经济融资主体多元化、方式多样化和结构合理化的“三化”来实现循环经济融资的最大、最优化。 相似文献
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在分析我国目前实施循环经济所存在问题的基础上,以开发区为例提出了构建发展循环经济的保障体系,着重从组织、政策、技术、资金等方面进行了论证,为开发区按循环经济要求运行进行了探索,也为循环经济的顺利开展提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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The circular economy has been developing rapidly in recent years in China. A legislative system has been created to provide
legal protection for the development of a circular economy, including a series of price and tax measures in the waste management
area. These measures form the basic foundation for promoting better waste management under the circular economic model. Many
challenges, however, remain. For instance, the legal system needs to incorporate more sophisticated science, and China lacks
key waste treatment technology that could support the further development of a circular economy. There is also a need to educate
the public about the concept of the circular economy and its benefits. Specific suggestions are made for the development and
implementation of the circular economic model. 相似文献
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以新疆玛纳斯进行试点实施循环经济示范县为背繁,以玛纳斯县某棉浆粕化纤厂为例,运用层次分析法、距离函数法建立棉浆粕化纤厂工业循环经济发展模式评价体系。通过实施循环经济生产模式的改造,分别对改造前和改造后的生产模式进行对比评价研究。在发展循环经济后,棉浆粕化纤厂在节能减排、资源再利用方面有了明显的改善,说明实施循环经济对棉浆粕化纤厂发展有一定的推动作用。 相似文献