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2018年,生态环境部出台《土壤污染防治法》,提出国家实行“建设用地土壤污染风险管控和修复名录”(以下简称名录)制度。统计了截至2022年5月2日各省(市、自治区)(暂不含中国台湾、香港、澳门和西藏)公布名录中的信息,分析了名录中地块数量、公布内容、更新次数、地块面积和纳入日期等基本信息,得出了中国目前污染地块的基本特点。分析讨论了污染地块的土地使用权人、进展情况或所在阶段、风险管控或修复目标、风险管控或修复方案编制及实施单位等内容,并在此基础上提出了加强污染地块管理的政策建议。 相似文献
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对《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》的理性思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2008年2月28日,第十届全国人大常委会通过了<中华人民共和国水污染防治法>.与1996年的<中华人民共和国水污染防治法>相比,修订后的<中华人民共和国水污染防治法>虽然在明确违法界限、规范企业排污行为、强化事故应急处置等诸多方面有新的突破,但其仍存在立法目标偏低、地方政府环境法律责任和地下水污染防治的监管责任规定不明确、对违法企业的惩处力度不彻底等值得深思的问题.究其原因.主要有水污染防治立法所涉及的相关领域技术含量过高、决策者对经济发展仍存在顾虑、地方保护主义等.建议这些问题一部分可在<水污染防治法实施细则>中加以解决,另一部分等待修订此法或其他法律时加以完善. 相似文献
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为了处理已过期的三吨敌元粉混合剂农药,奉化市城建环保局邀集环保监测站、卫生防疫站和农资公司等部门进行座谈,讨论处理方案。根据《大气污染防治法》和《水污染防治法》的有关规定,以及1986年5月奉化茶场擅自处理过期农药造成地下水质污染的教训,具体分析了深埋、焚烧可能对环境带来污染。与会代表一致认为将已过期农药实行“封存”写上标签,是一种比较安全的措施,并 相似文献
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济南市固体废物污染防治规划方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》和可持续发展战略思想为指导,以济南市为背景,研究了在新形势下如何进行城市固体废物污染防治规划。 相似文献
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《环境污染与防治》2014,(12)
正近日从接近财政部人士处获悉,环境税改革的时间表渐已明晰,明年环境税极有可能完成立法并出台。环境税征收采用从量计征方式,计税依据为应税污染物排放量。税率不低于现行排污费的收费标准。税收征管有望采取环保部门配合税务机关征收的模式,即环保认定、税务征收的征管模式。"十二五"规划纲要明确提出:"选择防止任务繁重、技术标准成熟的税目开征环境保护税,逐步扩大征收范围。"财政部财科所副所长苏明告诉《经济参考报》记者:"明年是‘十二五’最后一年,我认为明年中央的决策应该到位,明年环境税应该出台。据我了解的情况,一年前三部门已经把方案报给国务院,现在正在立法,立法过程中有很多难点需要突破,但是坦率讲,我比较有信心,明年环境税变成法律出台的可能性都是有的。"苏明表示,我们现在对水污染排放、垃圾等通过收费的手段进行治理,环境税开征主要就是要进行"费改税"。苏明 相似文献
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正环境保护部和国土资源部4月17日向媒体发布了全国土壤污染状况调查公报。调查结果显示,全国土壤环境状况总体不容乐观,部分地区土壤污染较重,耕地土壤环境质量堪忧,工矿业废弃地土壤环境问题突出。为全面认识和正确理解公报内容,环境保护部和国土资源部等相关负责人回答了记者提问。问:全国土壤污染状况调查成果有什么重要意义? 相似文献
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随着中国经济的迅速发展,水资源污染问题加剧.结合现阶段中国水资源污染状况的突出表现,分析了现在中国的水污染防治法中的法律责任存在的缺陷,从侵权救济、诉讼主体范围、政府方面责任、处罚责任等方面对中国水污染防治法的完善提出了相应的措施. 相似文献
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Abstract The pH‐disappearance rate profiles were determined at ca. 25°C for 24 insecticides at 4 or 5 pH values over the range 4.5 to 8.0 in sterile phosphate buffers prepared in water‐ethanol (99: 1 v/v). Half‐lives measured at pH 8 were generally smaller than at lower pH values. Changes in half lives between pH 8.0 and 4.5 were largest (>1000x) for the aryl carbamates, carbofuran and carbaryl, the oxime carbamate, oxamyl, and the organophosphorus insecticide, trichlorfon. In contrast, half lives of phorate, terbufos, heptachlor, fensulfothion and aldicarb were affected only slightly by pH changes. Under the experimental conditions described half lives at pH8 varied from 1–2 days for trichlorfon and oxamyl to >1 year for fensulfothion and cyper‐methrin. Insecticide persistence on alumina (acid, neutral and basic), mineral soils amended with aluminum sulfate or calcium hydroxide to different pH values and four natural soils of different pH was examined. No correlation was observed between the measured pH of these solids and the rate of disappearance of selected insecticides applied to them. These observations demonstrate the difficulty of extrapolating the pH dependent disappearance behaviour observed in homogeneous solution to partially solid heterogeneous systems such as soil. 相似文献
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湿地稻-鸭复合生态种养对甲烷菌种群数量影响的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用厌氧培养箱技术.用最大或然数计数(MPN)法测定稻一鸭复合种养对水稻不同生育期土壤中的产甲烷菌种群数量的影响。结果表明,稻田土壤中产甲烷菌数量的变化规律与稻田甲烷排放的季节变化规律基本一致,早稻田土壤中菌数高峰期出现在孕穗期.晚稻田土壤中菌数高峰期出现在分蘖盛期。实行稻-鸭复合种养,显著降低了稻田土壤中甲烷细菌种群的数量。特别是减少了甲烷排放高峰期的甲烷细菌憨量。早稻田和晚稻田产甲烷菌种群数量分别比对照田降低20%-96.9%和94.3%~95.8%,且两系统土壤中甲烷细菌数量的差异达1%的显著水平。 相似文献
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Interactions between anions and cations are important to understand the chemical processes of pollutants in environment. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to investigate the simultaneous adsorption of Cu and Cd on hematite as affected by phosphate. Phosphate pretreatment suppressed the maximum adsorption of Cu and Cd on hematite and moved the adsorption pH edges to a higher pH range. Phosphate application time had a marked impact on Cu and Cd adsorption and longer contact time resulted in more reduction of Cu and Cd adsorption. Results of back-titration, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy study and ionic strength effect on the adsorption revealed that Cu and Cd were adsorbed on hematite mainly through the inner-sphere complex formation mechanism and phosphate treatment reduced the inner-sphere adsorption sites, thus decreasing Cu and Cd adsorption on hematite. 相似文献
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Warrington S Mansfield TA Whittaker JB 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1987,48(4):285-294
Pea aphids feeding from birth to maturity on pea plants (Pisum sativum) exposed to SO(2) concentrations of 50 nl litre(-1) or 80 nl litre(-1) showed a significant 19% increase in the rate of nymph production during the reproductive period, compared to control aphids feeding on plants in charcoal-filtered air. The higher nymph production resulted in a mean 4.6% increase in the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm). In longer term glasshouse fumigation experiments pea aphid populations were, on average, 1.8 times greater on pea plants in ambient air plus 45 nl litre(-1) SO(2) than in ambient air alone. Aphid infestation in ambient air caused a 42% reduction in pea yield and affected most plant parameters adversely. Ambient air plus SO(2) had no direct effect on yield, but, in combination with aphid infestation, a further 10% reduction in yield was recorded. 相似文献
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Pei ZG Shan XQ Liu T Xie YN Wen B Zhang S Khan SU 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,147(3):764-770
The effect of lead on the sorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) on soil and peat was investigated using a batch equilibration method. Lead markedly diminished the sorption of 2,4,6-TCP, and 2,4,6-TCP had little effect on lead sorption. Peat was a more effective adsorbent for 2,4,6-TCP than soil. The desorption hysteresis of 2,4,6-TCP verified the presence of high-energy sorption sites. Mechanisms of lead suppression effect on the 2,4,6-TCP sorption included the following: Firstly, lead accelerated the aggregation of colloids, the aggregates covered the surface in part and shrunk the pore sizes of the adsorbents, hence decreased the sorption of 2,4,6-TCP. Secondly, X-ray absorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study suggested that lead competed with 2,4,6-TCP for carboxylic, phenolic and Si-OH groups of organic matter and clay minerals. Such competition was partly responsible for the overall suppression effect of lead on the sorption of 2,4,6-TCP. 相似文献