麦饭石对重金属离子的吸附作用研究

研究了麦饭石对重金属离子，如Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋的吸附作用，实验结果表明，麦饭石对重金属离子具有较强的吸附性能，ｐＨ是影响吸附的主要因素，探讨了麦饭石吸附作用机理，认为离子交换和表面络合反应是主要的吸附形式。并结合对实际重金属废水的吸附净化作用讨论麦饭石在废水处理方面应用的可行性。     

接枝羧基淀粉去除水体中有毒重金属离子的研究

以可溶性淀粉为基体，经环氧氯丙烷交联，制备了交联淀粉。以Ｆｅ＾２＋－Ｈ２Ｏ为引发剂将丙烯腈单体接枝到交联淀粉上，再经过皂化制得水不溶性接枝羧基淀粉聚合物（ＩＳＣ）。通过红外光谱表征结构。用静态法和动态法研究ＩＳＣ去除水体中Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｈｇ＾２＋、Ｃｒ２＋等离子的效果及ＰＨ值对去除效果的影响，并对其作用机理进行探讨。     

甲壳素,壳聚糖及其衍生物在水处理中的应用

对甲壳素、壳聚糖及其衍生物在水处理中的应用研究进行了综述。甲壳素、壳聚糖及其午睡了子的吸附剂（螯合剂）,能有效地去除水体中的Ｈｇ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋等有毒重金属离子;作为絮凝剂能除去废水中的悬浮物、染料、ＤＤＴ及石油等污染物;作为新型分离膜材料在水处理中的应用有广阔的前景。     

谷子谷壳黄原酸酯对重金属离子的捕集作用

制备并研究了谷子谷壳黄原酸酯对Ｈｇ＾２＋、Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｃｏ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｂｉ＾３＋等七种重金属离子的捕集效果，结果表明，中性或碱性介质中，谷子谷壳黄原酸酯对重金属离子有良好的捕集效果。     

活性硅酸混凝剂PFASSC处理造纸废水

利用硅酸钠、硫酸铝、三氯化铁和硫酸为主要原料制备了复合型活性硅酸混凝剂ＰＦＡＳＳＣ并对造纸废水进行了处理，得到活性硅酸混凝剂ＰＦＡＳＳＣ最佳配方为：ＰＨ＝２．０（Ｆｅ＾３＋＋Ａｌ＾２）／ＳｉＯ２（摩尔比）＝１．５，Ｆｅ＾３＋／Ａｌ＾３＋（摩尔比）＝１．０，与常用混凝剂相比，ＰＦＡＳＳＣ混凝剂处理造纸废水对除浊、脱色和去除ＣＤＤＣｒ有更加优良的性能。     

共存离子对硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）处理含铬废水的影响研究

报道了用硫酸盐还原菌（ＳＲＢ）处理含铬（ＶＩ）废水时，共存离子Ｓｒ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，ＵＯ＾２＋２，Ａｇ＾＋和Ｃｌ＾－，ＳＯ２－４，ＣＯ＾２－３，ＳｉＦ＾２－６，ＥＤＴＡ柠檬酸根等存在的时的影响，在铬（ＶＩ）为５０μｇ／ｍＬ，菌量一定的条件下，铬的去除率可达８５％以上，共存离子与铬（ＶＩ）的摩尔比为４时影响较为显著，Ｃｄ＾２＋和Ａｇ＾＋使铬的去除量降低，ＵＯ＾２＋２，Ｓｒ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾     

磁性交联壳聚糖对铬(Ⅵ)吸附性能的研究

用壳聚糖包埋磁流体 ,并用戊二醛交联制成磁性交联壳聚糖 ,考察了其对铬 ( )离子的吸附性能 ;探讨了酸度、体系温度、时间、初始离子浓度对磁性壳聚糖吸附性能的影响。实验表明 ,在 p H 2 .0 0、温度 2 5℃、吸附 2 4 h的条件下 ,吸附率可达 99%以上 ,并具有良好的重复使用性     

大孔阴树脂及其白球对水中低浓度苯酚吸附行为的研究

研究了作为高分子材料的大孔阴树脂及其对应白球对水中低浓度苯酚的吸附行为，详细考察了吸附过程的吸附容量、速度等吸附参数以及ｐＨ、Ｃａ＾２＋、腐殖质等因素对吸附的影响，并对试验结果从理论上进行了分析与探讨。     

锆(Ⅳ)负载交联壳聚糖吸附硫酸根的性能

以甲醛、苯甲醛为交联剂,制备交联壳聚糖树脂,再与锆(Ⅳ)离子反应制备锆负载交联壳聚糖吸附剂。采用静态吸附法考察了该吸附剂对水中硫酸根离子(SO24-)的吸附性能。实验发现,吸附时间2 h,SO24-溶液初始浓度500 mg/L,pH值3.0,溶液温度35℃为较优的吸附条件;吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,属于优惠吸附型,吸附容量可达78.65 mg/g;吸附过程较好地符合拟二级动力学模型;锆负载前后交联壳聚糖对硫酸根的吸附量提高了约4.5倍;该吸附剂具有良好的耐酸性和再生性能。     

模板法微波辐射下交联壳聚糖的合成及其吸附性能

采用微波辐射技术、得到以Zn^2＋为模板的交联壳聚糖。考察了微波法制备工艺、产物的吸附量变化以及吸附动力学。结果表明，与传统制备法相比，微波模板法合成交联壳聚糖工艺简单。产物的吸附量大。明显缩短了反应时间，而且交联物具有一定记忆性及选择性。     

微孔分子筛的合成及其去除水中氨氮的实验研究

以廉价的天然矿物岩石作为主要原料,采用水热晶化法合成了微孔分子筛。分子筛有效孔径约为0.9 nm,BET比表面积583m2/g,阳离子交换容量(CEC)316 meq/100 g。将其用于水体中氨氮的去除,实验结果表明,分子筛对氨氮的吸附速率较快,吸附时间为20 min时,吸附基本达饱和;分子筛对氨氮的最大吸附量可达11.6 mg/g,其吸附规律很好地符合Fruendlich吸附等温式;在有干扰离子如Ca2+、Mg2+、Al3+和Fe3+等存在的情况下,仍能优先选择吸附NH4+,且吸附率几乎没有变化。动态吸附柱实验的效果好于静态实验,出水12 h内去除率均>85％;饱和了氨氮的分子筛,用氢氧化钠溶液洗脱再生,解吸率达92％,再生后的分子筛与原分子筛相比吸附率几乎没有降低。     

枯草芽孢杆菌对Cu2+的吸附及菌体表面基团分析

以枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)为生物吸附剂,讨论了其对Cu2+的生物吸附规律,并通过酸碱滴定这一表面分析手段,结合相关软件及傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析了菌体表面主要的基团种类及数量.结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌对Cu2+吸附的最佳条件是:pH为6、吸附时间为24 h,菌悬液用量和Cu2+初始浓度...     

交联菌丝体吸附剂的制备及其对Cr3+的吸附特性

深入研究了交联菌丝体吸附剂的制备工艺及其对Cr3+的吸附特性.交联菌丝体吸附剂制备工艺简单,但在制备过程中,活化剂NaOH和交联剂的用量对吸附特性影响较大.与纯菌丝体吸附剂相比,交联菌丝体吸附剂表观吸附容量提高48%,达到49.83 mg/g(pH=2.53,水溶液中的Cr3+浓度为600mg/L),同时其机械强度明显增强.交联菌丝体吸附剂对Cr3+的吸附特点是将沉淀法与吸附法相结合,将沉淀与吸附两过程合二为一,从而简化了处理工艺,降低了处理成本.     

菌丝体表面分子印迹壳聚糖吸附剂对Cr3+的吸附性能研究

菌丝体表面分子印迹吸附剂所保留的印迹对过渡金属离子有着良好的吸附作用,以Cr3 作为吸附离子,系统研究了该吸附剂的吸附特性和影响因素.结果表明:吸附剂对Cr3 的饱和吸附容量可达60 mg/g;其吸附行为满足Langmuir方程式.初始浓度为200 mg/L时,最佳吸附pH在3～4,吸附容量可达到50 mg/g左右,离子强度对吸附没有影响,用0.5 mol/L硝酸或硫酸解吸Cr3 ,解吸率在90%以上.     

Predictions of binary sorption isotherms for the sorption of heavy metals by pine bark using single isotherm data

The adsorption of three heavy metal ions by pine bark was studied. The study was divided into two parts; single component adsorption of the metals Cu2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ and bisolute adsorption of the three binary systems Cu2+-Cd2+, Cu2+-Ni2+ and Cd2+-Ni2+. Extended Langmuir model, extended Freundlich model. Sips model and ideal adsorption solution theory (IAST) models were used to predict the equilibrium uptake for Cu2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ in the binary diluted solutions using the single adsorption constants. The experimental data of single isotherm adsorption process were found to follow Langmuir isotherm model with less accuracy than Freundlich and Sips models. Whereas, the predictions of bisolute adsorption isotherms of the mentioned three systems, Cu2+-Cd2+, Cu2+-Ni2+ and Cd2+-Ni2+, showed good agreement with experimental data when using Extended-Langmuir, Extended-Freundlich and IAST. However, the only good fit of the Sips model was with the Cu2+-Cd2+ system.     

重金属离子在腐植酸上吸附的研究

对4种代表性重金属离子在腐植酸上吸附、pH对竞争吸附的影响及其吸附机理进行了研究。结果表明，Cu2＋、Pb2＋、Zn2＋的吸附等温线为F型，而Cd2＋等温线为L型；2．5＜pH＜3．5时，竞争吸咐次序为Cu2＋＞Pb2＋＞Cd2＋＞Zn2＋；pH＞5．0时，Cd2＋＞Cu2＋＞Zn2＋＞Pb2＋；Cu2＋在腐植酸上的吸附主要是以与腐植酸形成配合物的方式相互结合。     

Competitive adsorption characteristics of Co2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ by IRN-77 cation exchange resin in synthesized wastewater

Adsorption properties of Co2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ on an Amberlite IRN-77 cation exchange resin were investigated in batch systems. Levels of adsorption rapidly approached an equilibrium state within 1 h. The adsorption characteristics of each metal onto the resin were accurately represented by Langmuir isotherms. Co2+ and Ni2+, which have an equivalent electrovalence, displayed similar levels of adsorption onto the resin when they coexisted in the solution. However, when Cr3+ was added to the solution it competitively replaced Co2+ and Ni2+ ions that had been previously adsorbed onto the resin, resulting in the desorption of these metals into the solution. The result was likely due to a higher adsorption affinity of Cr3+ relative to Co2+ and Ni2+. This implies that interactively competitive adsorption of multi-cations onto the resin should be thoroughly considered when contemplating the efficient operation of an ion exchange process in the treatment of industrial wastewater.     

4A沸石对复合污染水体中Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的去除

采用静态吸附法以4A沸石为吸附剂研究其对复合污染水体中Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的竞争吸附特性,并探讨了影响吸附的环境因素。实验表明,在室温条件下,溶液pH5～6,4A沸石15 mg对10 mL复合污染溶液(Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+浓度分别为100 mg/L)吸附20 min时,对溶液中3种重金属的吸附去除率均可达99.8%以上。反应过程中4A沸石对3种重金属的吸附速率大小为Pb2+>Cu2+>Cd2+。复合污染水体中4A沸石对Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的吸附符合Langmuir和Fre-undlich等温吸附方程,相关系数分别为0.9981、0.9901、0.9916和0.9638、0.9194、0.9689。经计算,4A沸石对Pb2+、Cu2+和Cd2+的饱和吸附量分别为129.9 mg/g、107.5 mg/g和99.0 mg/g。4A沸石吸附重金属离子达到吸附平衡的时间较短,对溶液pH值的适应性较好。吸附后的4A沸石可以再生利用,对铅离子洗脱重复利用性较铜离子和镉离子强。     

Evaluation of pectin binding of heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions

Evaluation of adsorption performance of several industrially manufactured pectins towards some toxic heavy metals was carried out. Adsorption isotherms for divalent cations in simulant aqueous solutions were measured and corresponding distribution coefficients were calculated. The following selectivity sequences we found for pectins: Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Co2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+ > Cd2+. It was shown that a beet pectin exhibits a high affinity for Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions, an apple pectin for Co2+ ion and a citrus pectin for Ni2+ ion. The binding properties of all pectins towards Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions are extremely poor. The quantitative data on adsorption performance of pectins suggest their applicability as food additives or remedies for efficient removal of Pb2+, Cu2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ ions from different biological systems, including human and animal organisms.