环境美学研究

本文论述了环境美学原理的基本原则和主要形式,环境绿化美化,环境美学与植物生态学的关系,以及环境的美学功能。环境美学的基本原则是多样统一、调和对比、对称均衡和韵律节奏。环境美学的主要形式是表现环境外观特征的色彩、线条和形体。环境绿化美化艺术,绿化是基础,美化是主题。环境美学与植物生态学,说明环境与大自然的协调发展,人与自然的和谐统一。环境的美学功能是陶冶人的情操,提高人的思想境界,增进身心健康     

石家庄市经济发展与城市生态环境存在的问题及对策

随着城市的发展 ,环境问题已成为石家庄市经济发展的制约因素。针对石家庄市的社会经济发展目标及城市环境问题 ,阐述了城市生态建设对于城市发展的重要性 ,分析了城市生态建设与经济发展的辩证关系 ,提出了石家庄市城市生态环境建设的对策     

环境知情权的法律保护

环境知情权既是公民参与国家环境管理的前提,又是环境保护的必要民主程序.在阐述环境知情权的概念和美、日、加等国家环境知情权法律保护情况的基础上,分析了中国环境知情权的法律保护现状及存在问题,并借鉴国外经验,提出了中国加强环境知情权的法律对策.     

试论城市环境与可持续发展

从城市环境概念和内涵入手,以可持续发展原则作为依据,首次提出了城市环境可持续发展的概念,并建立了其相应的模型,进而对城市环境ＳＤ具体内容进行了分析,最后指出了城市环境可持续发展政策框架,为研究城市可持续发展理论,实施国家可持续发展战略提供了一种新的思路。     

城市生活垃圾填埋场项目环境风险与防范措施初探

通过对城市生活垃圾填埋场项目的环境风险进行研究和分析，提出了垃圾填埋场的环境风险与防范措施。     

我国环境技术创新的影响因素与应对策略

本文分析了环境技术概念的演经和环境技术创新的含义。首次对我国环境技术创新的主要影响因素进行了大规模的社会调查,在对社会调查结果统计分析的基础上,根据国外环境技术创新的政策设计与实施经验,提出了促进我国环境技术创新的政策建议。     

论江苏省城市放射性废物库的作用

介绍了江苏省城市放射性废物库的建设及其运行对环境的影响，论述了为确保全省核与辐射的安全，省城市放射性废物库发挥的重要作用。     

我国环境技术创新的影响因素与应对策略

本文分析了环境技术概念的演化和环境技术创新的含义.首次对我国环境技术创新的主要影响因素进行了大规模的社会调查,在对社会调查结果统计分析的基础上,根据国外环境技术创新的政策设计与实施经验,提出了促进我国环境技术创新的政策建议.     

水泥化对城市环境的影响及防治对策

介绍了我国和国外城市水泥化的基本状况，分析了“水泥化”给城市环境带来的负面影响，并提出了改善城市水泥化的措施和建议，对防止城市水泥化具有重要意义。     

丽水市区环境现状评价与保护

根据丽水市区环境的监测数据。利用有关数学模式对丽水市区空气、水体与噪声污染进行评价,结果表明。影响丽水市区水质的主要污染源为城市生活污水,主要污染物分别为TP、TN、BOD5。影响丽水市区空气质量的主要为降尘,丽水市区为重酸雨区,噪声来源以生活噪声为主。并就此提出了对丽水市区环境的保护对策建议。     

Sustainable urban development: definition and reasons for a research programme

The concept of sustainable development is steadily approaching recognition, if not full disciplinary autonomy, becoming the focus of new theoretical and normative reflection. However, the same cannot be said of a more specific field of application of that same concept - the urban environment. In our opinion, this has been hindered until recently by some unresolved problems - of definition, methodology and epistemology - intrinsic in the more general concept, and also by some specificities of the urban case that have not been sufficiently borne in mind. This paper aims at directly facing these unresolved problems, and proposes a definition on which later empirical studies and new theoretical elaborations may be based. A city is, by nature, a manufact, an almost entirely artificial object, constructed for historical goals of socialisation, synergy, increase of knowledge and social wellbeing. A 'weak' concept of sustainability, which permits ample substitutability between production inputs and utility function inputs, is almost impossible to avoid. When considering the problem in its entirety, we must combine the socio-cultural, economic and environmental elements, which all go towards the construction of that complex set of relations we call city. Sustainable urban development may be defined as a process of synergetic integration and co-evolution among the great subsystems making up a city (economic, social, physical and environmental), which guarantees the local population a non-decreasing level of wellbeing in the long term, without compromising the possibilities of development of surrounding areas and contributing by this towards reducing the harmful effects of development on the biosphere.     

景观生态学在水库环评中的应用--以周公宅水库为例

生态完整性的判定是生态影响评价的基础，可从生态体系的结构和功能两个方面考虑进行评价。分别从景观结构、植被生物量和植被分布的空间异质性三个角度对宁波市周公宅水库库区景观生态体系的结构和功能状况进行了评价。     

Interaction of engineered nanoparticles with various components of the environment and possible strategies for their risk assessment

Nanoparticles are the materials with at least two dimensions between 1 and 100 nm. Mostly these nanoparticles are natural products but their tremendous commercial use has boosted the artificial synthesis of these particles (engineered nanoparticles). Accelerated production and use of these engineered nanoparticles may cause their release in the environment and facilitate the frequent interactions with biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystems. Despite remarkable commercial benefits, their presence in the nature may cause hazardous biological effects. Therefore, detail understanding of their sources, release interaction with environment, and possible risk assessment would provide a basis for safer use of engineered nanoparticles with minimal or no hazardous impact on environment. Keeping all these points in mind the present review provides updated information on various aspects, e.g. sources, different types, synthesis, interaction with environment, possible strategies for risk management of engineered nanoparticles.     

连云港市星海湖公园景观水水质现状评价与改良措施初探

本文以连云港市星海湖公园景观湖为例,通过采样监测对该湖水质现状进行了评价,进而以目前流行的生态修复法为基础,针对景观湖生态修复尚存在的问题,结合该湖的污染特征,研究了景观湖水质改良的技术措施,并对实施效果进行了验证。     

Adaptive management of the Great Barrier Reef and the Grand Canyon world heritage areas

Conventional perceptions of the interactions between people and their environment are rapidly transforming. Old paradigms that view humans as separate from nature, natural resources as inexhaustible or endlessly substitutable, and the world as stable, predictable, and in balance are no longer tenable. New conceptual frameworks are rapidly emerging based on an adaptive approach that focuses on learning and flexible management in a dynamic social-ecological landscape. Using two iconic World Heritage Areas as case studies (the Great Barrier Reef and the Grand Canyon) we outline how an improved integration of the scientific and social aspects of natural resource management can guide the evolution of multiscale systems of governance that confront and cope with uncertainty, risk, and change in an increasingly human-dominated world.     

NitroScape: a model to integrate nitrogen transfers and transformations in rural landscapes

Modelling nitrogen transfer and transformation at the landscape scale is relevant to estimate the mobility of the reactive forms of nitrogen (N_r) and the associated threats to the environment. Here we describe the development of a spatially and temporally explicit model to integrate N_r transfer and transformation at the landscape scale. The model couples four existing models, to simulate atmospheric, farm, agro-ecosystem and hydrological N_r fluxes and transformations within a landscape. Simulations were carried out on a theoretical landscape consisting of pig-crop farms interspersed with unmanaged ecosystems. Simulation results illustrated the effect of spatial interactions between landscape elements on N_r fluxes and losses to the environment. More than 10% of the total N₂O emissions were due to indirect emissions. The nitrogen budgets and transformations of the unmanaged ecosystems varied considerably, depending on their location within the landscape. The model represents a new tool for assessing the effect of changes in landscape structure on N_r fluxes.     

Line source emission modelling

Line source emission modelling is an important tool in control and management of vehicular exhaust emissions (VEEs) in urban environment. The US Environmental Protection Agency and many other research institutes have developed a number of line source models (LSMs) to describe temporal and spatial distribution of VEEs on roadways. Most of these models are either deterministic and/or statistical in nature.This paper presents a review of LSMs used in carrying out dispersion studies of VEEs, based on deterministic, numerical, statistical and artificial neural network techniques. The limitations associated with deterministic and statistical approach are also discussed.     

不同工艺再生水补给对景观湖水质变化的影响

再生水回用于景观水体过程中,为了比较不同再生水工艺对景观水体富营养化的影响,以"二级出水+BAF+O3+GFH"和"二级出水+O3"作为再生水处理工艺,以岸滤(bank filtration,BF)作为水质维持工艺,进行再生水景观水体水质保障技术研究。结果表明,"二级出水+O3"出水流量较大,水力流动快,每天运行24 h,平均出水流量25.5 m3/d,氮磷含量偏高;"二级出水+BAF+O3+GFH"出水的氮磷指标控制在较低水平,GFH出水流量8～14 m3/d,水力流动较缓,湖中出现蓝藻。2套系统中BF对NH4+-N的去除率分别为30.5%和20.8%。"二级出水+O3+BF"系统中人工湖进水TN平均浓度24.309 mg/L,TP平均浓度0.583 mg/L,N/P=41,适宜水网藻生长,对湖中N(主要是NH4+-N)、P有较强的去除能力;"二级出水+BAF+O3+GFH+BF"系统中人工湖进水TP<0.05 mg/L,适宜蓝藻生长。