再生水补水景观湖浮游藻类群落结构特征及与环境因子的关系

在2014年6月至2015年5月,对以再生水为补水水源的天津临港生态湿地公园景观湖区的浮游藻类和水质指标进行逐月监测,应用典范对应分析(CCA)研究了浮游藻类与环境因子之间的关系,评价了湖区的水环境状况。结果表明:共鉴定出浮游藻类7门67属115种(包括变种),硅藻门种类最多,其次为绿藻门和蓝藻门,浮游藻类丰度范围为3.5×106~49×106cells·L~(-1),平均丰度为25.7×106cells·L~(-1),优势藻种主要为链状假鱼腥藻、梅尼小环藻、四尾栅藻、颤藻、项圈藻和卵形隐藻;多样性分析显示,藻类物种多样性一般,结合优势指示种评价水体为中污染富营养型水体;典范对应分析表明,水温、盐度、TN/TP等是影响临港再生水补水景观湖藻类群落结构的主要因素。     

青西郊野公园建设过程中大莲湖浮游植物年际变化及与环境因子的关系

为了解青西郊野公园建设过程中大莲湖水生态环境变化动态,分别于公园建设前(2014年)、建设过程中(2016年)及开园运营后(2017年)对大莲湖水质及浮游植物群落进行了调查监测。3个年度水体综合营养状态指数平均值分别为49.84、54.66、53.16,表明水体呈现轻度富营养化趋势;3个年度分别采集浮游植物106、98、78种,均以绿藻门种数最多;3个年度浮游植物丰度平均值分别为6.36×10~6、1.05×10~7、1.89×10~7个/L,呈逐年递增趋势;基于浮游植物多样性指数评价,3个年度大莲湖水体水质基本处于中污染水平。冗余分析表明叶绿素a(Chl-a)、透明度和TN是影响大莲湖浮游植物种类和丰度的重要环境因子,其中Chl-a和透明度对浮游植物种类有显著影响,TN和透明度对浮游植物丰度有显著影响。     

京杭运河杭州段水体污染和细菌群落结构特征

为了解人类活动对城市河道水体污染和细菌群落的影响,选取京杭运河杭州段进行了分季节采样研究。测定了水体的环境与水质参数,分析了细菌丰度、胞外酶活性和群落结构变化。结果显示,从上游到下游,水体中高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、总氮以及细菌丰度和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性大体呈递增趋势,冬季水体总体污染水平及细菌丰度均显著高于其他季节。水体中细菌的主要种类集中在变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacterioidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和蓝藻门(Cyanobacteria),所占比例分别为37.8%、24.3%、18.9%、10.8%和8.1%,属于黄杆菌(Flavobacterium)、厚壁菌(Firmicutes bacterium)和放线菌(Actinobacterium)的细菌是水体中大多数时间的优势细菌。限制性排序分析显示,水体细菌群落结构从上游到下游差异明显,高锰酸盐指数和总氮是关键影响因子。杭州市区由人类活动产生的污染物输入是京杭运河杭州段的主要污染源,水体细菌群落对水体污染物的变化有着明显的响应。     

溶藻细菌对富营养化水体藻类群落结构的影响

向富营养化水体投放3株溶藻细菌(蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)L7、L8和短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)L18)的菌液.在试验期内,3株溶藻细菌显示出很好的控藻效果,使叶绿素a(Chl-a)和藻类密度分别比初始值降低87%以上和72%以上;藻类Shannon-Weaver多样性指数维持在2～3,Pielous均匀度指数介于0.60～0.81,其中,溶藻细菌L7效果最明显.而未投加菌液的水体Chl-a未发生明显上升,但藻类密度自9.55×104个/mL上升到2.09×105个/mL,藻类Shannon-Weaver多样性指数由2.17降到1.11,Pielous均匀度由0.60降到0.33.3株溶藻细菌并非简单地杀灭水体中的全部或某些藻类,而是能明显地调节藻类群落结构,使其朝着较为稳定的方向发展,在修复藻型富营养化水体水生生态系统方面有很好的应用前景.     

抗生素抗性异养细菌在不同水体中的生态分布研究

比较了城市污水处理厂曝气池混合液、鱼塘养殖水和黄河引灌水3种水体中可培养异养细菌总数、不同抗生素抗性菌群比例以及抗性有色异养细菌的比例.3种水体中可培养异养细菌总数分别达到2.8×107、1.2×107和8.9×105CFU/mL,其中,污水处理厂曝气池混合液中青霉素、红霉素和链霉素抗性比例最高,分别达到84.5%、66.1%和62.5%,明显高于另外2种水体中抗性比例,而且在该水体中检测到了102～104CFU/mL对青霉素、链霉素和庆大霉素不同组合的交叉抗性菌群.另外,在所有含抗生素的培养基平板上,有色菌群(黄色和红色)的比例都明显高于相应的未加抗生素的培养基平板,说明抗生素抗性与细菌的色素积累呈正相关,其中,黄河引灌水中的抗性有色异养菌群的比例高于其他2种水体.     

不同营养水平下悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥性质的影响

循环水系统中的微生物有悬浮态和附着态,悬浮细菌的存在对附着态生物粘泥的生长及特性有明显影响。通过向模拟循环冷却水系统中投加不同数量初始悬浮细菌,考察在营养水平不同的情况下,悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥化学组成和脱氢酶活性的影响。结果表明,营养水平不同,初始悬浮细菌数量对生物粘泥的化学组成和脱氢酶活性的影响程度不同;在不同营养水平下,应分别控制初始悬浮细菌数量。贫营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在6×105个/mL左右;中营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在1×105～2.6×105个/mL之间;富营养下,初始悬浮细菌数量应控制在0.11×105～2.6×105个/mL之间最不利于生物粘泥的生长。     

北京红领巾湖的富营养化状态与水质分析

红领巾湖位于北京朝阳门外,以再生水为补给水源,在调节湖区小气候、改善周围生态环境、提供居民休闲等方面具有重要功能.2008年3～10月的浮游藻类和理化指标监测结果显示,该湖为重富营养型水体,浮游藻类平均细胞密度为24.73×106个/L,叶绿素a平均质量浓度为84.67μg/L;优势种群是微囊藻(Microcystis...     

南海湖非冰封期浮游植物群落生态特征及其与环境因子关系

分别于2017、2018年的非冰封期(5—10月)对南海湖的浮游植物群落和环境因子进行了调查。共发现浮游植物7门80属157种(含变种),其中绿藻门种数最多,其次是硅藻门和蓝藻门,时间上7月最多、10月最少,空间上呈东高西低、南高北低的趋势。浮游植物密度为23.35×10~6～126.00×10~6个/L,平均值为66.78×10~6个/L。主要优势种有微小平裂藻(Merismopedia tenuissima)、水华束丝藻(Aphanizomenon flosaquae)和螺旋弓形藻(Schroederia spiralis)。南海湖水质总体处于中污染状态。冗余分析表明,TN、TP、pH和温度是影响浮游植物分布的主要环境因子,绿藻门与TN关系密切,蓝藻门与TP、温度关系密切,硅藻门与pH关系密切。     

风浪扰动对太湖梅梁湾水体总磷变化的驱动模式研究

风浪扰动下的底泥再悬浮是浅水湖泊水体底泥内源性磷向水体释放的关键驱动因子。水体总磷(TP)受底泥内源磷释放过程影响频繁波动。基于风浪扰动强度与底泥悬浮物(SS)浓度定量关系模型,采用太湖原位未扰动柱状底泥开展水体底泥再悬浮过程模拟研究,分别模拟在小风(搅拌强度100～125 r/min)、大风(搅拌强度200～220 r/min)模式下底泥内源释放过程,探究风浪扰动对太湖梅梁湾水域TP浓度波动的贡献。结果表明,风浪扰动显著增加(P<0.01)了水体SS,小风与大风下水体SS均值分别增加了80.9%与360.8%,但随着扰动周期的延长,风浪扰动的效果会削弱。不同风浪扰动强度下水体TP均呈先上升后下降趋势。小风下水体TP为0.08～0.20 mg/L;大风下水体TP为0.09～0.34 mg/L。与对照组相比,小风组水体TP浓度呈现显著下降的趋势(P<0.05),而大风组水体TP浓度则表现为显著上升的趋势(P<0.01)。此外,大风持续扰动增加了水体TP浓度,但效果不显著(P>0.05)。风浪扰动致使0～3 cm底泥内的TP含量有所提高,底泥表面氧化还原条件的改变是...     

典型生境中氨氧化古菌和厌氧氨氧化细菌的分布和丰度

运用分子生物学方法研究了某富营养化湖泊污泥(以下简称湖泊污泥)、某长期施肥的稻田土壤(以下简称稻田土壤)和某污水处理厂硝化污泥(以下简称硝化污泥)中氨氧化古菌(AOA)和厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)细菌的分布及丰度。结果表明,湖泊污泥、稻田土壤和硝化污泥中AOA的amoA基因Shannon指数分别为1.64、2.14、0.57,稻田土壤的生物多样性最丰富;但以上3种生境中AOA的amoA基因丰度分别为(1.45±0.13)×10~7、(7.24±0.25)×10~5、(3.46±0.22)×10~5拷贝数/g(以干质量计,下同),湖泊污泥中最大。湖泊污泥和稻田土壤中的AOA与水/沉积物中的古菌亲缘关系相近,既有来自水/沉积物分支,又有来自土壤/沉积物分支;硝化污泥中的AOA与土壤/沉积物中的古菌亲缘关系相近,全部来自土壤/沉积物分支。湖泊污泥、稻田土壤和硝化污泥中ANAMMOX细菌的16SrRNA基因Shannon指数都较小,生物多样性不丰富,但hzsB基因的丰度分别达到(1.32±0.17)×10~8、(2.88±0.28)×10~8、(7.76±0.25)×10~8拷贝数/g。湖泊污泥、稻田土壤中ANAMMOX细菌的优势种属于Brocadia属;硝化污泥中ANAMMOX细菌的Brocadia和Kuenenia几乎各占一半。     

Effects of submerged macrophytes on the abundance and community composition of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes in a eutrophic lake

Abundances and community compositions of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in unvegetated sediment and the rhizosphere sediments of three submerged macrophytes (Ceratophyllum demersum, Vallisneria spinulosa, and Potamogeton crispus) were investigated in a large, eutrophic freshwater lake, Lake Taihu. Abundances of archaeal ammonia monooxygenase alpha-subunit (amoA) gene (from 6.56?×?10⁶ copies to 1.06?×?10⁷ copies per gram of dry sediment) were higher than those of bacterial amoA (from 6.13?×?10⁵ to 3.21?×?10⁶ copies per gram of dry sediment) in all samples. Submerged macrophytes exhibited no significant effect on the abundance and diversity of archaeal amoA gene. C. demersum and V. spinulosa increased the abundance and diversity of bacterial amoA gene in their rhizosphere sediment. However, the diversity of bacterial amoA gene in the rhizosphere sediments of P. crispus was decreased. The data obtained in this study would be helpful to elucidate the roles of submerged macrophytes involved in the nitrogen cycling of eutrophic lake ecosystems.     

Variation of Microcystis and microcystins coupling nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in Lake Erhai,a drinking-water source in Southwest Plateau,China

Lake Erhai is the second largest lake of Southwest China and an important drinking water source. The lake is currently defined as the preliminary stage of eutrophic states, but facing a serious threat with transfer into intensive eutrophication. The present study examined the dynamics of Microcystis blooms and toxic Microcystis in Lake Erhai during 2010, based on quantitative real-time PCR method using 16S rRNA gene specific for Microcystis and microcystin systhesis gene (mcy), and chemical analysis on microcystin (MC) concentrations. Total Microcystis cell abundance at 16 sampling sites were shown as an average of 1.7?×?10⁷ cells l^?1 (1.3?×?10²–3.8?×?10⁹ cells l^?1). Microcystin LR (MC-LR) and microcystin RR (MC-RR) were the main variants. The strong southwesterly winds, anticlockwise circular flows and geographical characteristics of lake and phytoplankton community succession impacted the distribution patterns of Chl a and MC in the lake. The concentration of Chl a and MC and abundances of total Microsytis and MC-producing Microsystis (MCM) were shown to be positively correlated with pH, DO and TP, negatively correlated with SD, NO₃-N, TN/Chl a and TN/TP, and not correlated with NH₄-N, TN, dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) and water temperatures. When TN/TP decrease, Microcystis tended to dominate and MC concentrations tended to increase, suggesting that the “TN/TP rule” can be partially applied to explain the correlation between the cyanobacterial blooms and nutrients N and P only within a certain nutrient level. It is speculated that N and P nutrients and the associated genes (e.g., mcy) may jointly drive MC concentration and toxigenicity of Microcystis in Lake Erhai.     

Resolving the variability of CDOM fluorescence to differentiate the sources and fate of DOM in Lake Taihu and its tributaries

Taihu Basin is the most developed area in China, which economic development has resulted in pollutants being produced and discharged into rivers and the lake. Lake Taihu is located in the center of the basin, which is characterized by a complex network of rivers and channels. To assess the sources and fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters, we determined the components and abundance of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) within Lake Taihu and 66 of its tributaries, and 22 sites along transects from two main rivers. In Lake Taihu, there was a relative less spatial variation in CDOM absorption a_CDOM(355) with a mean of 2.46 ± 0.69 m⁻¹compared to the mean of 3.36 ± 1.77 m⁻¹ in the rivers. Two autochthonous tryptophan-like components (C1 and C5), two humic-like components (C2 and C3), and one autochthonous tyrosine-like component (C4) were identified using the parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model. The C2 and C3 had a direct relationship with a_CDOM(355), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The separation of lake samples from river samples, on both axes of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), showed the difference in DOM fluorophores between these various environments. Components C1 and C5 concurrently showed positive factor 1 loadings, while C4 was close to the negative factor 1 axis. Components C2 and C3 showed positive second factor loadings. The major contribution of autochthonous tryptophan-like components to lake samples is due to the autochthonous production of CDOM in the lake ecosystems. The results also showed that the differences in geology and associated land use control CDOM dynamics, such as the high levels of CDOM with terrestrial characteristics in the northwestern upstream rivers and low levels of CDOM with increased microbial characteristics in the southwestern upstream rivers. Most of river samples from the downstream regions in the eastern and southeastern plains had a similar relative abundance of humic-like fluorescence, with less of the tryptophan-like and more of the tyrosine-like contributions than did samples from upstream regions.     

Response of sediment calcium and magnesium species to the regional acid deposition in eutrophic Taihu Lake,China

Acid deposition causes carbonate dissolution in watersheds and leads to profound impacts on water chemistry of lakes. Here, we presented a detailed study on the seasonal, spatial, and vertical variations of calcium and magnesium species in the overlying water, interstitial water, and sediment profiles in eutrophic Taihu Lake under the circumstance of regional acid deposition. The result showed that both the acid deposition and biomineralization in Taihu Lake had effects on Ca and Mg species. In the lake water, calcium carbonate was saturated or over-saturated based on long-term statistical calculation of the saturation index (SI). On the sediment profiles, significant difference in Ca and Mg species existed between the surface sediment (0–10 cm) and deeper sediments (>10 cm). The interstitial water Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, ion-exchangeable Ca and Mg in the surface sediment were higher than those in the deeper sediment. In the spring, when the acid deposition is more intensive, the acid-extracted Ca and Mg in the surface sediment were lower than that in the deeper sediment in the northwest lake, due to carbonate dissolution caused by the regional acid deposition. Spatially, the higher concentration of acid-extracted Ca and Mg in the northwest surface sediment than that in the east lake was observed, indicating the pronounced carbonate biomineralization by algae bloom in the northwest lake. Statistical analysis showed that acid deposition exerted a stronger impact on the variation of acid-extracted Ca and Mg in the surface sediment than the biomineralization in Taihu Lake. For the total Ca and Mg concentration in the spring, however, no significant change between the surface and deeper sediment in the northwest lake was observed, indicating that the carbonate precipitation via biomineralization and the carbonate dissolution due to acidic deposition were in a dynamic balance. These features are of major importance for the understanding of combined effects of acid deposition and eutrophication on freshwater lakes.

     

Levels and distribution of Dechloranes in sediments of Lake Taihu,China

The occurrence and spatial distribution of dechloranes including mirex, dechlorane plus (DP), dechlorane (Dec) 602, Dec 603, and Dec 604 in surficial sediments of Lake Taihu were investigated in this study. The concentrations of mirex and DP ranged from below detection limit (BDL) to 1.29 ng g^?1 dw and 0.051 to 2.10 ng g^?1 dw, respectively. Dec 602, Dec 603, and Dec 604 on the other hand, were BDL in any of the samples. The contamination levels of DP were higher than that of Mirex at 21 of all 22 sampling sites. Levels of mirex and DP in the lake sediments were correlated when an extremely high mirex value was removed. Both mirex and DP levels were correlated with the amount of organic matters in the sediment samples. Spatial distribution of mirex and DP suggested that these two chemicals in the lake had similar input sources except for one site. Comparison to previously reported flame retardants’ levels in the sediments shows that DP levels were similar with the levels of tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecane but lower than PBDEs and organophosphates levels in Lake Taihu. The higher levels in the north-east part of Lake Taihu adjacent to two major cities: Wuxi and Suzhou, indicated that city effluent might be a major source for DP contamination in the lake.     

Understanding the patterns and mechanisms of urban water ecosystem degradation: phytoplankton community structure and water quality in the Qinhuai River, Nanjing City, China

The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of environmental parameters and the phytoplankton community were investigated in October 2010 and January 2011 in the Qinhuai River, Nanjing, China. Results showed that the water quality in the study area was generally poor, and the main parameters exceeding standards (level V) were nitrogen and phosphorus. The observed average concentrations of the total nitrogen (TN) were 4.90 mg?L^?1 in autumn and 9.29 mg?L^?1 in winter, and those of the total phosphorus (TP) were 0.24 mg?L^?1 in autumn and 0.88 mg?L^?1 in winter, respectively. Thirty-seven species, 30 genera, and four phyla of phytoplankton were detected in the river. Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta were the dominant phyla in autumn, with average abundance and biomass of 221.5?×?10⁴?cells?L^?1 and 4.41 mg?L^?1, respectively. The dominant population in winter was Bacillariophyta, and the average abundance and biomass were 153.4?×?10⁴?cells?L^?1 and 6.58 mg?L^?1, respectively. The results of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) between environmental parameters and phytoplankton communities showed that Chlorophyta could tolerate the higher concentrations of the permanganate index, nitrogen, and phosphorus in eutrophic water; Bacillariophyta could adapt well to changing water environments; and the TN/TP ratio had obvious impacts on the distributions of Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, and some species of Chlorophyta. CCA analyses for autumn and winter data revealed that the main environmental parameters influencing phytoplankton distribution were water temperature, conductivity, and total nitrogen, and the secondary factors were dissolved oxygen, NH₄ ⁺–N, NO₃–N, TN, COD_Mn, TN/TP ratio, and oxidation-reduction potential.     

添加牛粪对蚯蚓处理污泥的影响

采用4个相同的塑料装置,将等量的污泥、EM菌、蚯蚓及不同量的牛粪装入其中并混匀后,通过60 d的培养实验,借助对污泥含水率、pH、TP、TOC和TN的监测及蚯蚓生存状况的考察,探究添加牛粪对蚯蚓处理污泥的影响。结果表明:添加牛粪可以抑制污泥含水率的增加,但不同牛粪添加量对污泥含水率的影响无一定规律性;与初始TP相比,1#~4#中污泥TP增长率分别为81%、97%、56%和102%,除3#外,污泥TP增幅随牛粪添加量的增加而增大;因生物作用,1#~4#污泥TOC均呈下降趋势,1#~4#中污泥TOC分别下降了13.6%、22.4%、21.7%和16.1%;1#~4#污泥TN变化与牛粪添加量的变化之间无明显规律。污泥中添加牛粪,对蚯蚓健康有益。     

Degradation of sulfonamides antibiotics in lake water and sediment

Degradation of three sulfonamides (SAs), namely sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfamethazine (SMZ), and sulfadimethoxine (SDM) in surface water and sediments collected from Taihu Lake and Dianchi Lake, China was investigated in this study. The surface water (5–10 cm) was collected from the east region of Taihu Lake, China. Two sets of degradation experiments were conducted in 3-L glass bottles containing 2 L of fresh lake water and 100 μg/L of individual SAs aerated by bubbling air at a rate of approximately 1.2 L/min, one of which was sterilized by the addition of NaN₃ (0.1 %). Sediment samples were taken from Taihu Lake and Dianchi Lake, China. For the sediment experiment, 5 g of sediment were weighed into a 50-mL glass tube, with 10 mg/kg of individual SAs. Different experimental conditions including the sediment types, sterilization, light exposure, and redox condition were also considered in the experiments. The three SAs degraded in lake water with half-lives (t _1/2) of 10.5–12.9 days, and the half-lives increased significantly to 31.9–49.8 days in the sterilized water. SMZ and SDM were degraded by abiotic processes in Taihu and Dianchi sediments, and the different experimental conditions and sediments characteristics had no significant effect on their declines. SMX, however, was mainly transformed by facultative anaerobes in Taihu and Dianchi sediments under anaerobic conditions, and the degradation rate of SMX in non-sterile sediment (t _1/2 of 9.6–16.7 days) were higher than in sterilized sediment (t _1/2 of 18.7–135.9 days). Under abiotic conditions, degradation of SMX in Dianchi sediment was faster than in Taihu sediment, probably due to the higher organic matter content and inorganic photosensitizers concentrations in Dianchi sediment. High initial SAs concentration inhibited the SAs degradation, which was likely related to the inhibition of microorganism activities by high SAs levels in sediments. Results from this study could provide information on the persistence of commonly used sulfanomides antibiotics in lake environment.     

太湖流域小型水源性湖泊氮、磷时空分布及营养状态评价

2009年11月至2010年10月,对太湖流域小型水源性湖泊20个采样点水体的TN、TP、NO3--N、NH4+-N、NO2--N以及PO43-等水质因子进行测定分析,讨论了氮、磷时空分布特征,并评价其富营养化程度。结果表明,TN、TP年均值分别为1.50、0.05mg/L;TN、TP的季节性变化规律具有一定差异,TN浓度为冬、春季高于夏、秋季,而TP浓度为2009年11月至2010年3月高于其他月份。由于受入湖河流的影响,TN、TP的空间分布格局较为相似,均表现为西南部高于东北部、入湖口分别高于湖中心和出湖口。NO3--N年均值为0.68mg/L,浓度变化趋势呈双峰型(2010年3、9月为峰值),基本同TN的变化趋势一致,空间分布表现为入湖口分别低于湖中心和出湖口(除冬季外),显示水体硝化过程对硝酸盐的贡献。NH4+-N年均值为0.23mg/L,从2010年4月开始浓度逐渐升高,到2010年7月达到全年最高值,其浓度空间分布特征表现为入、出湖口均高于湖中心(除秋季外)。NO2--N和PO43-的年均值都较低,均为0.01mg/L(以P计),时空差异不明显。根据CARLSON提出的营养状态指数法计算分析可知,该湖泊冬、春季处于中营养状态,夏、秋季营养状态略高,且磷是全年初级生产力的限制因子。     

微氧折流反应器中产甲烷菌的分布与群落结构分析

为了研究微氧条件下折流反应器处理生活污水的微生物学机理,针对产甲烷菌的MCR基因采用实时荧光定量PCR和构建克隆文库的方法,对反应器中的关键功能微生物产甲烷菌的分布特点与群落结构变化进行了分析。结果表明,微氧条件下折流反应器的环境条件可以保证产甲烷菌的增长,不同格室的产甲烷菌丰度均要高于接种污泥(1 720 copies/ng),其中经过微氧曝气处理的1#(2 864 copies/ng)和2#(2 282 copies/ng)格室产甲烷菌丰度低于厌氧状态的3#(3 508copies/ng)格室;微氧处理后折流反应器产甲烷菌的群落结构发生了明显的变化,接种污泥的产甲烷菌多属于Methanomicrobiales目的 Methanoregulaceae属(6/9),而保持微氧状态的1#格室中产甲烷菌多隶属于Methanomicrobiales目(6/10)的其他类群,2#格室的产甲烷菌则多隶属于Methanobacteriales目(5/10),保持厌氧状态的3#格室的产甲烷菌主要属于Methanomicrobiales目(3/10)和Methanosarcinales目(3/10);产甲烷菌MCR基因的多样性指数表明微氧曝气的引入降低了活性污泥中产甲烷菌的生物多样性。