新型MnOx/CNTs催化剂低温选择性催化还原NO

采用等体积浸渍法制备了MnOx/CNTs催化剂,用于低温NH3选择性催化还原(SCR)NO的实验.使用BET,FT-IR,TEM和XRD对催化剂进行表征,结果表明:碳纳米管经混酸超声分散,增加了羧基活性基团,锰氧化物颗粒分布较均匀.在模拟烟气条件下,考察了催化剂的MnOx负载量、煅烧温度及质量和烟气流速比(W/F)对NO脱除率的影响.煅烧温度为773 K,MnOx负载量为10%时,NO脱除率达到98.56%;W/F为2～3 mg/(mL·min-1)时NO的脱除率更高.     

新型MnOx/CNTs催化剂低温选择性催化还原NO

采用等体积浸渍法制备了MnOx/CNTs催化剂,用于低温NH3选择性催化还原（SCR）NO的实验。使用BET,FT-IR,TEM和XRD对催化剂进行表征,结果表明：碳纳米管经混酸超声分散,增加了羧基活性基团,锰氧化物颗粒分布较均匀。在模拟烟气条件下,考察了催化剂的MnOx负载量、煅烧温度及质量和烟气流速比（W/F）对NO脱除率的影响。煅烧温度为773 K,MnOx负载量为10%时,NO脱除率达到98.56%;W/F为2-3 mg/（mL·min^-1）时NO的脱除率更高。     

低温非钒基NH3选择性催化还原催化剂的技术需求和研究进展

低温脱硝技术对于氮氧化物(NOx)的脱除意义深远,而NH3选择性催化还原(NH3-SCR) NO技术不仅在燃煤工厂里有应用,也在移动源的NOx的脱除上有应用的潜能.在低温NH3-SCR技术领域,很多非钒基的催化剂材料因其优异的催化性能受到重视.简述了低温SCR技术在能源、水泥、冶金行业的技术需求,并着重介绍了各种催化剂的SCR活性、不同催化剂的催化机制和抗SO2、H2O性能.并由此得出未来工业脱硝对催化剂的高SCR催化活性、高的N2选择性以及良好的抗SO2和H2O性能的要求.     

Ce-Fe/ACF催化剂低温选择性催化还原NO的研究

以ACF作为载体制备了一系列不同质量分数的CeO2和Fe2O3混合负载型催化剂,研究了它们催化净化NO的低温活性和活性的稳定性。同时,对比研究了CeO2/ACF和Ce-Fe/ACF净化NO的能力。活性实验结果表明,催化剂中加入Fe2O3作为助催化,能使催化剂活性、稳定性等得到明显改善。反应温度为80~120℃时,比相同质量分数CeO2/ACF催化剂的NO脱除效率提高幅度最大达到18.11%,增幅度较大;随着反应温度的升高,催化剂的脱硝效率提高幅度趋小,反应温度为200℃时,两者相比,NO脱除效率仅提高1.98%;而后随着温度的攀升,催化剂的脱硝效率提高幅度又慢慢趋大,且其效率平稳。     

Fe-Mn基分子筛催化剂NH3低温选择性催化还原NO性能

采用柠檬酸法制备了不同Fe和Mn含量的Fe-Mn/HBeta催化剂,采用BET、XRD、SEM和XPS等方法对不同催化剂的特征参数进行表征,以氨气为还原剂,在空速为5 000 h-1的条件下,考察了活性成分负载量和焙烧温度对其活性的影响;探讨了催化剂的抗水抗硫性能.研究结果表明,焙烧温度为550℃、6%Fe-6%Mn/HBeta催化剂具有相对较优的催化活性,反应温度为90~230℃时,NO转化率为63.9%~96.99%,比表面积、孔体积和平均孔径分别为356.19 m2/g、0.61 cm3/g和16.83 nm,活性成分在催化剂表面高度分散,催化剂表面Mn主要以Mn3+和Mn4+存在,且以Mn4+居多;反应温度为180℃条件下,6%Fe-6%Mn/HBeta催化剂具有较好的抗水能力和同时抗水抗SO2能力,但单独抗SO2能力较差.     

制备方法对Mn-Ce/TiO2催化剂低温选择性催化还原活性的影响

采用溶胶凝胶法、浸渍法以及两者相结合的方法制备了Mn-Ce/TiO2催化剂。运用XRD、BET和SEM等技术对催化剂进行了表征,发现溶胶凝胶法制备的Mn-Ce/TiO2催化剂为锐钛矿结构,具有较大的比表面积,中孔结构丰富,Mn、Ce活性组分在载体表面高度分散或形成了无定形结构。实验研究了催化剂对氨选择性催化还原NO反应的催化性能,结果表明,用溶胶凝胶法制备的Mn-Ce/TiO2催化剂脱硝活性最好,当Mn、Ce负载量为20%,NH3/NO摩尔比为1.1,空速为9 436 h-1,烟气温度为240℃时,NO转化率大于90%。     

富氧条件下NOx催化净化的研究进展

本文对富氧条件下NOx的催化净化进行了综述与探讨,着重分析了分子筛催化剂、贵金属催化剂以及金属氧化物催化剂在碳氢化合物选择性催化还原NOx反应中的活性及其影响因素,描述了催化反应的机理,并指出了今后的研究方向.     

M_xO_y/碳纳米管的低温选择性催化还原脱硝性能研究

采用等体积浸渍法制备了MxOy(M表示V、Mn、Cu、Fe)/碳纳米管(CNTs)4种催化剂,用BET法、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)进行结构表征,并对其低温选择性催化还原(SCR)NO性能进行了考察和对比。结果表明,在NO为1248mg/m3、NH3为707mg/m3、O2为5%(体积分数)、气体总流量为700mL/min、反应温度为353～513K的条件下,不同催化剂存在不同的最佳活性温度,V2O5/CNTs催化剂在473K的较低温度下NO转化率达到最大,为82.9%;各催化剂活性均随着O2含量的增加先升高后降低,且变化幅度相似;在20～160min时,各催化剂活性随着反应时间的变化基本保持不变;催化剂活性均随氨氮比(NH3/NO)的增大先升高后降低,最佳NH3/NO为1.0(体积比)。     

Cu／海泡石催化剂上NOx催化还原的研究

以天然海泡石为原料，经酸改性后作载体。采用浸渍法制成了用于NOx由CO还原的Cu基催化剂。在稀薄燃烧条件下，考察了它对汽车尾气中NOx的还原性能。实验结果表明，Cu/海泡石催化剂在富氧条件下具有良好的耐湿热稳定性和催化活性，当转化率达到90％时，反应温度＜400℃。当掺入稀土元素Ce和Sm后，由于与活性组分Cu之间的协同效应，催化剂的抗氧能力进一步提高了。     

Ti-Ce-Zr-Ox复合脱硝催化剂的制备及其性能研究

采用共混法制备了Ti-Ce-Zr-Ox复合脱硝催化剂TiCe0.1Zr0.1O2.4,运用X射线衍射、氮气物理吸附、扫描电镜等表征手段,分别对该催化剂的晶型、表面积、孔分布及结构形貌进行了分析,同时考察了反应温度、空速、水蒸气和SO2对该催化剂NH3选择性催化还原NO的影响.结果表明,TiCe0.1Zr0.1O2.4催...     

MnOX/ACF低温选择性催化还原烟气中的NO

进行了MnOX/ACF(活性炭纤维)对低温选择性催化还原(SCR)NO的影响研究.实验表明,ACF先经浓酸预氧化,然后再负载MnOX催化剂,对NO脱除率的提高较明显,并且以20%(质量分数)HNO3预氧化处理的效果最佳.比较了相同制备条件和相同负载量下的MnOX/ACF和V2O5/ACF的催化效果,认为在同等条件下MnOX的活性高于V2O5.考察了不同负载量的MnOX对NO脱除率的影响,较理想的MnOX负载量为12%(质量分数).在此基础上就不同的催化剂质量和烟气流速比(W/F)对NO脱除率的影响进行了研究,结果表明,在低温、W/F为2～3 mg/(mL·min-1)时NO的去除率较高.     

Investigation of selective catalytic reduction impact on mercury speciation under simulated NOx emission control conditions

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology increasingly is being applied for controlling emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from coal-fired boilers. Some recent field and pilot studies suggest that the operation of SCR could affect the chemical form of mercury (Hg) in coal combustion flue gases. The speciation of Hg is an important factor influencing the control and environmental fate of Hg emissions from coal combustion. The vanadium and titanium oxides, used commonly in the vanadia-titania SCR catalyst for catalytic NOx reduction, promote the formation of oxidized mercury (Hg2+). The work reported in this paper focuses on the impact of SCR on elemental mercury (Hg0) oxidation. Bench-scale experiments were conducted to investigate Hg0 oxidation in the presence of simulated coal combustion flue gases and under SCR reaction conditions. Flue gas mixtures with different concentrations of hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for simulating the combustion of bituminous coals and subbituminous coals were tested in these experiments. The effects of HCl and SO2 in the flue gases on Hg0 oxidation under SCR reaction conditions were studied. It was observed that HCl is the most critical flue gas component that causes conversion of Hg0 to Hg2+ under SCR reaction conditions. The importance of HCl for Hg0 oxidation found in the present study provides the scientific basis for the apparent coal-type dependence observed for Hg0 oxidation occurring across the SCR reactors in the field.     

Manganese-cerium oxide (MnOx-CeO2) catalysts supported by titanium-bearing blast furnace slag for selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with ammonia at low temperature

A series of manganese-cerium oxide (MnO_x-CeO₂) catalysts supported by Ti-bearing blast furnace slag were prepared by wet impregnation and used for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH₃. The slag-based catalyst exhibited high nitrogen oxide removal (deNO_x) activity and wide effective temperature range. Under the condition of NO = 500 ppm, NH₃ = 500 ppm, O₂ = 7–8 vol%, and total flow rate = 1600 mL/min, the Mn-Ce/Slag catalyst exhibited a NO conversion higher than 95% in the range of 180–260 °C. The activity of Mn/Slag catalysts was greatly enhanced with the addition of CeO₂. The results indicated that Ti-bearing blast furnace slag had suitable phase composition as good support of SCR catalyst.

Implications: Ti-bearing blast furnace slag is a kind of industrial waste in China. Much slag was underused and piling up, which could cause many environmental issues, such as enormous waste of titanium and groundwater and soil contamination by heavy metals in leachates. The utilization of slag as the support of SCR catalyst will not only make use of solid waste but also cut down the NO_x emitted from power plant.     

水泥窑炉烟气催化还原脱硝技术研究进展

水泥工业是NOx的高排放行业,现有的燃烧控制技术难以满足日益提高的环保要求,因此烟气脱硝技术在水泥工业的应用将势在必行.选择性催化还原(SCR)脱硝技术是脱硝率最高的烟气脱硝技术,在燃煤电厂已有较大规模的应用,但是在水泥工业中的研究和应用相对滞后.简要介绍了SCR脱硝技术工作原理及其在水泥窑炉的应用现状,总结了催化材料研究和应用进展,探讨了水泥窑炉NOx减排用SCR脱硝技术和催化材料的研究方向.     

Research and proposal on selective catalytic reduction reactor optimization for industrial boiler

The advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software STAR-CCM+ was used to simulate a denitrification (De-NOx) project for a boiler in this paper, and the simulation result was verified based on a physical model. Two selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactors were developed: reactor 1 was optimized and reactor 2 was developed based on reactor 1. Various indicators, including gas flow field, ammonia concentration distribution, temperature distribution, gas incident angle, and system pressure drop were analyzed. The analysis indicated that reactor 2 was of outstanding performance and could simplify developing greatly. Ammonia injection grid (AIG), the core component of the reactor, was studied; three AIGs were developed and their performances were compared and analyzed. The result indicated that AIG 3 was of the best performance. The technical indicators were proposed for SCR reactor based on the study.

Implications: Flow filed distribution, gas incident angle, and temperature distribution are subjected to SCR reactor shape to a great extent, and reactor 2 proposed in this paper was of outstanding performance; ammonia concentration distribution is subjected to ammonia injection grid (AIG) shape, and AIG 3 could meet the technical indicator of ammonia concentration without mounting ammonia mixer. The developments above on the reactor and the AIG are both of great application value and social efficiency.     

MnOx／Al-SBA-15催化剂低温NH3选择性催化还原NO的原位红外研究

用原位红外分别进行了MnOx／Al-SBA-15催化剂上NH3和NO＋O2的吸附态和瞬态实验以及NH3＋NO＋02反应的稳态实验。结果表明,催化剂上存在着L酸位和B酸位,NH3吸附在催化剂上形成配位态的NH3和NH4＋,配位态的NH3能脱氢形成-NH2活性中间态。NO＋O2在催化剂上吸附形成硝酸盐类、硝基类和亚硝酸盐类。将NO＋O2通入预吸附NH3的催化剂中时,表面的配位态的NH3、NH4＋和-NH2都会减少直至消失,SCR反应显著。而将NH3通人预吸附NO＋O2的催化剂中时,只有硝基类和亚硝酸盐类减少,硝酸盐类基本不发生变化,SCR反应微弱。NH3＋NO＋O2稳态反应中,催化剂表面稳定存在着NH4＋和硝酸盐类,SCR反应显著。     

Natural manganese ore catalyst for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 in coke-oven flue gas

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Different types of manganese ore raw materials were prepared for use as catalysts, and the effects of different manganese ore raw materials and...