聚硅铝硼絮凝剂处理靛蓝废水的试验

利用自制的聚硅铝硼无机高分子絮凝剂(PSBA)对靛蓝废水进行絮凝处理，确定了絮凝剂最佳投药量和相应的废水pH值。经絮凝处理后，靛蓝废水的CODCr去除率最高可达64％，脱色率可达90％，絮凝效果较好。     

聚硅铝硼絮凝剂处理靛蓝废水的试验

利用自制的聚硅铝硼无机高分子絮凝剂 (PSBA)对靛蓝废水进行絮凝处理 ,确定了絮凝剂最佳投药量和相应的废水 p H值。经絮凝处理后 ,靛蓝废水的CODCr去除率最高可达 6 4 % ,脱色率可达 90 % ,絮凝效果较好。     

化学絮凝法处理实验室废水的研究

用8种无机絮凝剂对实验室废水的絮凝效果进行了比较。以碱式氯化铝和硫酸亚铁并用为絮凝剂,对废水的絮凝沉淀处理进行了工艺条件试验。在最佳工艺条件下,进行了小型试验。结果表明,用化学絮凝法处理实验室废水,对COD_■、BOD_5、有机物和重金属离子等的去除,具有显著效果。     

微生物絮凝剂的制备及在建材加工废水处理中的应用研究

介绍微生物絮凝剂的富集培养、分离和筛选的方法及过程，并用所制备的微生物絮凝剂对建材中的透辉石和高岭土深加工废水进行了处理研究。结果表明，从某水质净化厂的活性污泥中分离筛选出的三株絮凝剂产生菌对高岭土和透辉石加工废水的絮凝效果好，与有关文献报道的微生物絮凝剂相比具有用量少的优点，有可能作为新一代絮凝剂用于建材非金属矿加工废水的处理。     

化学絮凝剂预处理马铃薯淀粉废水的比较研究

马铃薯淀粉废水产生的季节性使得常规生物处理应用起来存在很大困难,采用絮凝剂对废水进行预处理可减轻后续处理负担。文章使用常规化学絮凝剂AlCl3、Fe2(SO4)3、PAM以及有机和无机之间的相互复配对马铃薯淀粉废水进行絮凝预处理,研究了投药量、废水pH值、助凝剂CaCl2投加量以及沉降时间等因素对絮凝效果的影响,确定了各絮凝剂处理废水的较佳絮凝条件,并在较佳条件下处理废水,通过综合比较处理效率、处理成本、絮凝条件难易程度等方面,确定了马铃薯淀粉废水的较佳絮凝剂为AlCl3+PAM,其具有废水处理效果好(COD去除率为41.08%,浊度去除率为95.06%,色度去除率为90.63%)、投药量少(2mLAlCl3+0.3mLPAM)、助凝剂投加量少(1mLCaCl)2、较佳pH在废水初始pH范围内、处理成本低(11.05元/t废水)、产生污泥量少(649g/t废水)等优点。     

絮凝法处理制革工业废水

本文对聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂进行了筛选。对影响絮凝效果的ｐＨ值，絮凝剂的用量，絮凝剂分子量，无机絮凝剂的用量等诸因素进行了讨论。确定了处理制革废水的最佳条件，处理结果达到了国家排放标准，并且利用复配絮凝剂的处理效果与国外同类产品相当。     

絮凝剂产生菌对淀粉废水的处理效果

利用具有絮凝作用较高的两株假单胞菌属产絮菌(Pseudomonas)对马铃薯淀粉废水进行絮凝处理,考察了絮凝剂投加量、废水p H值、温度等因素对絮凝效果的影响。在淀粉废水处于自然p H值5.8时,絮凝剂投加量分别为4%和2%,少量助剂Mg2+的作用下,温度均为15℃,处理时间分别为20和40 min时,这2株产絮菌对淀粉废水的絮凝处理可达到最佳效果。     

无机-有机复合絮凝剂PST处理印染废水效果研究

以模拟印染废水和实际印染废水为实验对象,检验了一种新合成有机-无机复合絮凝剂(PST)的絮凝效果。结果表明,PST具有良好的絮凝性能。在受试条件下,絮凝效果与絮凝剂投加量、染料浓度有较大相关性。废水的pH值应用范围较宽;搅拌时间对COD去除率和脱色率没有显著影响。采用PST处理广东省高明市某印染厂的印染废水后,COD去除率为75.16%,脱色率为76.18%,处理效果良好,处理成本明显低于目前市场上普遍使用的聚铝等絮凝剂。     

微生物絮凝剂对高浓度重金属离子废水絮凝作用研究

文章研究了胶质芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mucilaginosus)产生的微生物絮凝剂(MBF)对高浓度重金属离子模拟废水的絮凝作用。采用的方法是将10mLMBF分别加入到100mL含Fe3+、Al3+、Pb2+、Zn2+、Ca2+和Mg2+的模拟废水中,分析MBF对不同重金属离子(浓度范围100~1000mg/L)模拟废水的絮凝作用。结果表明,不同重金属离子模拟废水经MBF处理后,出现明显不同的絮凝现象;随着废水重金属离子浓度增大,絮凝处理效率降低;废水经MBF处理后pH值比原水pH值下降。研究结果为进一步研究微生物絮凝剂处理含重金属离子废水提供参考资料。     

聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的染料废水脱色性能研究

本文首先用聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵处理模拟染料废水,试验了其絮凝脱色性能,并初步探讨了其絮凝脱色机理;然后对比了不同絮凝剂处理模拟染料废水的脱色效果;最后针对水溶性染料废水的处理,对以聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵为主的复合絮凝剂配方进行了探讨.     

复合微生物絮凝处理红薯淀粉废水的研究

利用胶质芽孢杆菌和酿酒酵母能利用水溶性淀粉和蛋白质的特性,直接用红薯淀粉废水培养,并用它们产生的絮凝作用处理红薯淀粉废水。结果表明,在适量氯化钙助絮凝作用下,仅以2.5%的絮凝菌液,在pH值9.5的条件下,絮凝率高达97%,红薯淀粉废水的COD去除率达到65%,pH值8.0左右。经复合微生物絮凝剂处理得到的沉淀物是富含蛋白质的营养物质,干燥后可以制备成高级饲料。     

Investigation of colloidal biogenic sulfur flocculation: Optimization using response surface analysis

The colloidal properties of biogenic elemental sulfur(S~0)cause solid–liquid separation problems,such as poor settling and membrane fouling.In this study,the separation of S~0 from bulk liquids was performed using flocculation.Polyaluminum chloride(PAC),polyacrylamide(PAM)and microbial flocculant(MBF)were compared to investigate their abilities to flocculate S~0 produced during the treatment of sulfate-containing wastewater.A novel approach with response surface methodology(RSM)was employed to evaluate the effects and interactions of flocculant dose,pH and stirring intensity,on the treatment efficiency in terms of the S~0 flocculation and the supernatant turbidity removal.The dose optimization results indicated that the S~0 flocculation efficiency decreased in the following order PACMBFPAM.Optimum S~0 flocculation conditions were observed at pH 4.73,a stirring speed of 129 r/min and a flocculant dose of 2.42 mg PAC/mg S.During optimum flocculation conditions,the S~0f locculation rate reached 97.53%.Confirmation experiments demonstrated that employing PAC for S~0 flocculation is feasible and RSM is an efficient approach for optimizing the process of S~0 flocculation.The results provide basic parameters and conditions for recovering sulfur during the treatment of sulfate-laden wastewaters.     

MBF-33絮凝特性研究

考察了微生物絮凝剂产生菌Z-67所产絮凝剂MBF-33的絮凝特性。研究表明,该絮凝剂为胞外分泌的蛋白质,每升发酵液可制得絮凝剂粗品0.8～1.1g,对高岭土悬浊液絮凝率最高可达97%。该絮凝剂具有热不稳定性,在100℃水浴中加热20min即丧失全部絮凝活性;该絮凝剂能在广泛的pH范围内保持较高的絮凝活性,但在pH4～9范围内最佳;Ca2+为最适宜的助凝剂,最佳投放量为3.6mmol/L,增加用量反而会抑制絮凝。该絮凝剂主要依靠蛋白质和高岭土在蛋白质活性中心的桥连作用进行絮凝。     

气动絮凝动力学机理探讨及试验分析

对气动絮凝动力学机理进行进一步探讨,并在设定的絮凝条件下,进行试验室小试,分析气动絮凝对浊度、COD等污染指标的去除效果和提高溶解氧的意义,并简单比较了其气动絮凝与机械絮凝的差异。通过机理探讨和试验效果分析,展望气动絮凝方式进行污水强化一级处理的研究方向。     

纳米Fe_3O_4的制备及其强化聚铁絮凝性能的研究

在对聚合硫酸铁(PFS)絮凝性能研究的基础上,采用化学沉淀法制备了纳米Fe3O4,并对纳米Fe3O4强化聚合硫酸铁絮凝性能进行了研究。结果表明:纳米Fe3O4可以强化聚合硫酸铁的絮凝效果并有助于加速矾花沉降,处理制衣厂水洗废水脱色率、COD去除率、絮体沉降速度明显优于PFS、PAC、FeSO4等传统的絮凝剂。脱色率、COD去除率达到95.3%、80.4%。     

微藻处理污水中的絮凝分离/采收研究现状与展望

微藻应用于污水深度处理与可再生能源生产是极具潜力的一项技术.然而,微藻的分离与采收一直是限制其大规模应用的瓶颈.絮凝分离微藻成本低廉、易于采收而被视为极具工程应用潜力的最佳方法.本文从对微藻表面特性和絮凝机理简要介绍出发,系统总结了无机絮凝剂法、有机高分子絮凝剂法、生物絮凝剂法、高p H诱导的自絮凝法以及胞外聚合物引起的自絮凝法的研究应用现状,进而对各种方法进行综合比较,从而明确了微藻絮凝分离的研发方向.     

Flocculation performance of a novel synthesized flocculant with low ecological risk

Combined flocculants with low ecological risk are urgently required in water supply and wastewater treatment in China. A novel flocculant was thus developed under the condition of low ecological risk( noted as CAS).The experiments to examine wastewater treatment performance of the new product showed that there was favourable performance in the flocculation process in contrast to commercial flocculants in treating kaolin suspensions, municipal effluent and domestic wastewater. Flocculation performance included the turbidity removal rate, sediment character and a decrease in COD(chemical oxygen demand). The sediment time of flocculation is short and the removal rate of turbidity treated by CAS is high compared with PAC(polyaluminum-chloride), PAM (polyacrylamide) and the combined addition of PAC and PAM. The optimal concentration required to affect flocculation processes is dependent on kaolin concentration and the character of the wastewater within the range examined. It also showed that CAS is effective to treat wastewater with high turbidity.     

论疏水絮凝与疏水作用力

1982年Israelachvili和Pashley在Nature期刊上报道了以实验测得的疏水作用力,这一发现使当时的学者们倍感兴奋,激起了一个持续不断的研究.经过30多年的研究,疏水作用力被证明客观存在,并被众多科学家所认可.根据这一发现,经典的DLVO理论应补充疏水作用力,成为扩展的DLVO理论,经典的絮凝理论也应包括疏水絮凝的贡献.迄今疏水絮凝在矿物分选领域已取得了巨大成功,但在水处理领域尚缺乏认识和研究.本文综述了疏水作用力及疏水絮凝的发现,探讨了疏水作用力的热力学解释和微观机理,指出了水处理技术中涉及到的一些疏水絮凝原理,认为水处理工作者应大力开展疏水絮凝的研究,以疏水絮凝的理论进一步推动水处理科学技术的发展.     

壳聚糖絮凝机理及絮凝性能的影响因素分析

壳聚糖是一种天然高分子聚合物,被广泛地作为絮凝剂用于水处理过程。探讨了壳聚糖的三种絮凝机理。在水处理中,其絮凝性能的发挥受到pH值、壳聚糖的投加量、壳聚糖的分子量以及壳聚糖的脱乙酰度等因素的影响。     

Surface properties of bacteria from activated sludge in relation to bioflocculation

Two bacterial stains were isolated from the activated sludge and identified as Leucobacter sp.and Alcaligenes faecalis by 16S rDNA sequencing.Pure cultures of these two strains,representing well or poorly settled bacteria,were used to investigate the mechanism of bioflocculation in activated sludge.Based on the analyses of the characteristics of cells hydrophobicity,ζ-potential,flocculation ability and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) composition under different growth stages,it was found that the ratio of cell EPS protein had the highly influence on ζ-potential and hydrophobicity,which were important factors to bioflocculation.Cellulase and Proteinase K could destroy the extracellular biopolymer and resulted in a decrease in the hydrophobicity and ζ-potential.However,in our study,the flocculation characteristics exhibited differently in relation to cellulase and Proteinase K.Flocculation of cells treated with cellulase and Proteinase K decreased sharply,and then recovered quickly in cellulase treatment,while cells treated with Proteinase K showed no sign of recovery.This reveals that the presence of protein in extracellular biopolymer plays an important role to the bioflocculation of cells.