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1.
The concentrations and chemical forms of copper(Cu) and zinc(Zn) in surface soils directly influence the movement of Cu and Zn. In this study, thirteen sandy soil samples with a wide range of total Cu and Zn concentrations were collected for evaluating the relationships between Cu and Zn release and extraction time, ratio of soil to water, pH and electro;yte types. The results indicated that Cu released in batch extraction that represents long-term leaching was mainly from exchangeable, and carbonate bound Cu fractions, and Zn released in the batch extraction was mainly from its carbonate bound fraction. However, the Cu and Zn leached from the soils using the column leaching that represents short-term leaching were mainly from their exchangeable fractions. Soil column leaching at different pH values indicated that the amounts of leached Zn and Cu were greatly affected by pH. The Cu and Zn release experiments with varying extraction times and ratio of soil to water suggest that long-term water-logging in the soils after rain may increase contact time of the soils with water and the release of Cu and Zn to water from the soils, and total amounts of Cu or Zn released from the soils increase, but the Cu or Zn concentration in the surface runoff decrease with increasing rainfall intensity. The increased Ca concentration in soil solution increased stability of organic matter-mineral complexes and might decrease the dissolution of organic matter, and thus decreased the release of Cu-binding component of organic matter. However, high concentration of Na in the soil solution increased the dispersion of the organic matter-mineral complexes and increased dissolution of organic matter and the release of Cu from the soils.  相似文献   

2.
The effect of incubation temperature and wet-dry cycle on the availabilities of Cd, Pb and Zn was studied. Three soils with pH ranging from 3.8 to 7.3, organic carbon (OC) from 0.7% to 2.4%, and clay from 12.3% to 35.6% were selected. Soils were spiked with reagent grade Cd(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, and Zn(NO3)2 at concentrations of 30 mg Cd/kg soil, 300 mg Zn/kg soil and 2000 mg Pb/kg soil. The soils were incubated at 35, 60, 105℃, respectively and went through four wet-dry cycles. Metal availability in soils was estimated by soil extraction with 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO3)2. According to this study, the effect of the spiking temperature on the metal availabilities was different among the metals, soils and wet-dry cycles. Mostly, 35 ~C was the first recommended spiking temperature for Cd and Pb while no spiking temperature was obviously better than others for Zn. Three wet-dry cycles was recommended regardless of the type of metals and incubation temperature.  相似文献   

3.
The soil moisture regime can affect the release of heavy metals in soil. In the previous studies, slightly polluted soils or artificially contaminated soil samples were considered to investigate the effect of soil moisture. We used highly smelter-contaminated and aged soils to study the release of typical heavy metals(Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) induced by water incubation in batch experiments with characterization via speciation and X-ray diffraction analyses(XRD). The results show that the leachable concentrations of the heavy metals increased slightly in the first 30 days, decreased drastically between 30 and 90 days, and immobilized relatively constant thereafter. The fluctuation was ascribed to the changes of soil Eh and pH, the reductive dissolution of crystalline iron oxides, the formation of new amorphous iron oxides, the absorption of dissolved organic matter and the precipitation of metal sulfide. Speciation analysis indicated that a proportion of the soil heavy metals was transformed from an exchangeable fraction to a less labile fraction after water incubation. And the presence of a lead iron oxide phase and the peak increasing of zinc sulfide were observed via XRD analyses. Finally, water incubation restrained the release of heavy metals after 180 days of incubation, and reduced the leachability of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb by as much as 1.61%–7.21% for soil A and 0.43%–3.36% for soil B, respectively. The study findings have implications for the formulation of risk control and management strategies for heavy metals in smelter-contaminated soils.  相似文献   

4.
Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using tartaric acid   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
This study reports the feasibility of remediation of a heavy metal (HM) contaminated soil using tartaric acid, an environmentally-friendly extractant. Batch experiments were performed to test the factors influencing remediation of the HM contaminated soil. An empirical model was employed to describe the kinetics of riM dissolution/desorption and to predict equilibrium concentrations of HMs in soil leachate. The changes of HMs in different fractions before and after tartaric acid treatment were also investigated. Tartaric acid solution containing HMs was regenerated by chestnut shells. Results show that utilization of tartaric acid was effective for removal of riMs from the contaminated soil, attaining 50%-60% of Cd, 40%-50% of Pb, 40%-50% of Cu and 20%-30% of Zn in the pH range of 3.5-4.0 within 24 h. Mass transfer coefficients for cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were much higher than those for copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Sequential fractionations of treated and untreated soil samples showed that tartaric acid was effective in removing the exchangeable, carbonate fractions of Cd, Zn and Cu from the contaminated soil. The contents of Pb and Cu in Fe-Mn oxide fraciton were also significantly decreased by tartaric acid treatment. One hundred milliliters of tartaric acid solution containing HMs could be regenerated by 10 g chestnut shells in a batch reactor. Such a remediation procedure indicated that tartaric acid is a promising agent for remediation of HM contaminated soils. However, further research is needed before the method can be practically used for in situ remediation of contaminated sites.  相似文献   

5.
Understanding the effects of oxalic acid(OA) on the immobilization of Pb(Ⅱ) in contaminated soils by phosphate materials, has considerable benefits for risk assessment and remediation strategies for the soil. A series of phosphate amendments with/without oxalic acid were applied to two anthropogenic contaminated soils. We investigated the immobilization of Pb(Ⅱ) by KH2PO4, phosphate rock(PR), activated phosphate rock(APR) and synthetic hydroxyapatite(HAP) at different phosphate:Pb(P:Pb) molar ratios(0, 0.6, 2.0 and 4.0) in the presence/absence of 50 mmol oxalic acid/kg soil, respectively. The effects of treatments were evaluated using single extraction with deionized water or Ca Cl2, Community Bureau of Reference(BCR) sequential extraction and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP)methods. Our results showed that the concentration of water extractable, exchangeable and TCLP-Pb all decreased with incubation time. The concentration of water-extractable Pb after120 days was reduced by 100% when soils were amended with APR, HAP and HAP + OA, and the TCLP-Pb was 5 mg/L for the red soil at P:Pb molar ratio 4.0. Water-soluble Pb could not be detected and the TCLP-Pb was 5 mg/L at all treatments applied to the yellow-brown soil. BCR results indicated that APR was most effective, although a slight enhancement of water-soluble phosphate was detected at the P:Pb molar ratio 4.0 at the beginning of incubation. Oxalic acid activated phosphates, and so mixing insoluble phosphates with oxalic acid may be a useful strategy to improve their effectiveness in reducing Pb bioavailability.  相似文献   

6.
An integrative technology including the surfactant enhanced sorption and subsequentdesorption and biodegradation of phenanthrene in the soil-water system was introduced and tested. For slightly contaminated agricultural soils, cationic-nonionic mixed surfactant- enhanced sorption of organic contaminants onto soils could reduce their transfer to plants, therefore safe-guarding agricultural production. After planting, residual surfactants combined with added nonionic surfactant could also promote thedesorption and biodegradation of residual phenanthrene, thus providing a cost-effective pollution remediation technology.0ur results showed that the cationic-nonionic mixed surfactantsdodecylpyridinium bromide (DDPB) and Triton X-100 (TX100) significantly enhanced soil retention of phenanthrene. The maximum sorption coefficient Kd* of phenanthrene for contaminated soils treated by mixed surfactants was about24.5 times that of soils without surfactant (Kd ) and higher than the combined effects of DDPB and TX100 individually, which was about 16.7 and 1.5 times Kd , respectively.0n the other hand, TX100 could effectively remove phenanthrene from contaminated soils treated by mixed surfactants, improving the bioavailability of organic pollutants. Thedesorption rates of phenanthrene from these treated soils were greater than 85% with TX100 concentration above2000 mg/L and approached 100% with increasing TX100 concentration. The biodegradation rates of phenanthrene in the presence of surfactants reached over 95% in30days. The mixed surfactants promoted the biodegradation of phenanthrene to some extent in 10-22days, and had no obvious impact on phenanthrene biodegradation at the end of the experiment. Results obtained from this study provide some insight for the production of safe agricultural products and a remediation scheme for soils slightly contaminated with organic pollutants.  相似文献   

7.
Lead and Zn uptake and chemical changes in rhizosphere soils of four emergent-rooted wetland plants; Aneilema bracteatum, Cyperus alternifolius, Ludwigia hyssopifolia and Veronica serpyllifolia were investigated by two experiments: (1) rhizobag filled with “clean” or metal-contaminated soil for analysis of Pb and Zn in plants and rhizosphere soils; and (2) applied deoxygenated solution for analyzing their rates of radial oxygen loss (ROL). The results showed that the wetland plants with di erent ROL rates had significant e ects on the mobility and chemical forms of Pb and Zn in rhizosphere under flooded conditions. These e ects were varied with di erent metal elements and metal concentrations in the soils. Lead mobility in rhizosphere of the four plants both in the “clean” and contaminated soils was decreased, while Zn mobility was increased in the rhizosphere of the “clean” soil, but decreased in the contaminated soil. Among the four plants, V. serpyllifolia, with the highest ROL, formed the highest degree of Fe plaque on the root surface, immobilized more Zn in Fe plaque, and has the highest e ects on the changes of Zn form (EXC-Zn) in rhizosphere under both “clean” and contaminated soil conditions. These results suggested that ROL of wetland plants could play an important role in Fe plaque formation and mobility and chemical changes of metals in rhizosphere soil under flood conditions.  相似文献   

8.
Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.  相似文献   

9.
The release and accumulation dynamics of trace metals in soils and aquatic sediments were exemplarily investigated in the catchment area of the Reservoir Klingenberg(Germany). Catchment soils were examined for mobilizable and total concentrations of arsenic(As), cadmium(Cd), chrome(Cr), iron(Fe), manganese(Mn), nickel(Ni), lead(Pb),and zinc(Zn) and compared with trace metal quantities accumulated in riverbed and reservoir sediments. The comparison of all samples showed relatively small variations of Cr(7.96–46.0 mg/kg), Fe(7.79–40.4 g/kg), and Ni(6.06–56.5 mg/kg), while stronger differences were found for As(11.2–164 mg/kg), Cd(0.14–30.5 mg/kg), Mn(0.08–1.84 g/kg), Pb(20.7–183 mg/kg), and Zn(69.1–916 mg/kg). The catchment soils were slightly enriched by Cd, Pb, and Zn. Especially Cd and Zn were characterized by large mobilizable proportions.The mean trace metal concentrations in riverbed sediments were higher than in catchment soils, while reservoir sediments accumulated the highest amounts of the analyzed elements. The enrichment of trace metals in reservoir sediments was generally determined by the sedimentation of fine particles, while the distribution of As, Fe, and Mn was additionally impacted by redox conditions. For Cd and Zn, which in comparison were most enriched in riverbed and reservoir sediments, a significant release from soils by leaching processes was observed. The accumulation of As and Pb in reservoir sediments was influenced to a greater extent by soil erosion and by anthropogenic or chalcogen sources in the catchment.  相似文献   

10.
Understanding the effects of oxalic acid (OA) on the immobilization of Pb(II) in contaminated soils by phosphate materials, has considerable benefits for risk assessment and remediation strategies for the soil. A series of phosphate amendments with/without oxalic acid were applied to two anthropogenic contaminated soils. We investigated the immobilization of Pb(II) by KH2PO4, phosphate rock (PR), activated phosphate rock (APR) and synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) at different phosphate:Pb (P:Pb) molar ratios (0, 0.6, 2.0 and 4.0) in the presence/absence of 50 mmol oxalic acid/kg soil, respectively. The effects of treatments were evaluated using single extraction with deionized water or CaCl2, Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) methods. Our results showed that the concentration of water extractable, exchangeable and TCLP-Pb all decreased with incubation time. The concentration of water-extractable Pb after 120 days was reduced by 100% when soils were amended with APR, HAP and HAP + OA, and the TCLP-Pb was < 5 mg/L for the red soil at P:Pb molar ratio 4.0.Water-soluble Pb could not be detected and the TCLP-Pb was < 5 mg/L at all treatments applied to the yellow-brown soil. BCR results indicated that APRwasmost effective, although a slight enhancement of water-soluble phosphate was detected at the P:Pbmolar ratio 4.0 at the beginning of incubation. Oxalic acid activated phosphates, and so mixing insoluble phosphates with oxalic acid may be a useful strategy to improve their effectiveness in reducing Pb bioavailability.  相似文献   

11.
以甘肃白银东大沟Pb、Zn、Cd复合污染土壤为研究对象,通过毒性浸出、形态提取、微观分析等手段,研究了水泥对重金属污染场地的固化稳定化效果及适用性.毒性浸出结果表明,水泥对污染土壤中Cd、Zn能够起到较好的固化稳定化作用,在5%的添加量下,水泥对Cd、Zn的修复效率分别达到99.5%~100%、96.6%~98.8%,而Pb的浸出浓度提高了2.6~5.8倍;在8%的添加量下,水泥对Cd、Zn的修复效率分别达到99.6%~100%,94.4%~97.9%,而Pb的浸出浓度提高了1.9~12.5倍.形态分析结果表明,水泥能够使土壤中的酸可提取态Cd、Zn向残渣态转化,可还原态Pb向可氧化态、残渣态转化,稳定性增强.微观特征分析结果表明,Pb~(2+)、Zn2+、Cd2+这3种离子可以参与水泥的水化反应,生成相应的硅酸盐矿物和氢氧化物,进而对其起到固化稳定化作用.综上,水泥在重金属污染场地修复工程中具有良好的优势,但在具体应用过程中需注意场地及环境条件的特殊性.  相似文献   

12.
陈娟  张严  郭彦  张可懿  任杰  杜平 《环境科学研究》2022,35(8):1893-1901
为探讨负载磷酸盐生物质炭材料对重金属复合污染土壤中共存重金属的稳定化效果和迁移转化特征,以玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆为原材料,负载磷酸盐后在600 °C下无氧热解制备两种生物质炭材料,并将其用于重金属复合污染土壤中进行稳定化批处理试验. 结果表明:负载磷酸盐的玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆生物质炭材料可通过增加土壤中无定形铁、铝氧化物的含量而促进其对Cd的吸附,且负载磷酸盐后玉米秸秆生物质炭材料对土壤中无定形氧化物含量的增幅和游离态氧化物含量的降幅高于小麦秸秆生物质炭;同时,两种生物质炭材料均显著提高了土壤铁的活化度,进而有效控制了土壤重金属的生物有效性. 添加不同比例(如5%、10%和15%)的负载磷酸盐生物质炭均可降低土壤中Pb、Cd、Zn和Cu的迁移风险,并促进Pb的酸可提取态、铁锰结合态向有机结合态和残渣态转化,以及Cd、Zn和Cu的酸可提取态向残渣态转化. 两种负载磷酸盐生物质炭材料均可有效降低重金属的浸出浓度,10%及以上的添加量均可使Pb的浸出浓度降低98%以上. 15%的负载磷酸盐玉米秸秆生物质炭可使Cd和Zn的浸出浓度分别降低89%和47%,而15%的负载磷酸盐小麦秸秆生物质炭可使Cu的浸出浓度降低56%. 研究显示,施用10%~15%的负载磷酸盐生物质炭材料可显著降低重金属复合污染土壤中Pb和Cd的潜在环境风险,对矿区重金属污染土壤的安全利用具有参考和指导意义.   相似文献   

13.
为探究不同淋洗方式下螯合型表面活性剂LED3A(N-十二酰基乙二胺三乙酸钠盐)对重金属污染土壤的淋洗效果,采用室内土柱淋洗法研究了LED3A在不同流速条件下对Pb、Zn单一污染砂土的淋洗效果,并通过优化的BCR法分析了淋洗前、后土柱中不同深度处Pb、Zn的形态变化特征.结果表明:LED3A对Pb、Zn单一污染砂土的淋洗规律基本类似,淋出液中ρ(Pb)、ρ(Zn)随淋洗液累积孔隙体积数目的增加呈现急剧增大、达到峰值后逐渐降低的趋势;Pb、Zn的淋洗曲线中均存在不同程度的拖尾现象,且对称性较差;淋出液中ρ(Pb)、ρ(Zn)峰值和Pb、Zn最大累积去除率均随流速的增大而减小.随着淋洗深度和流速的增加,各形态Pb、Zn的去除率均呈现减小的趋势,LED3A对酸可提取态Pb、Zn的去除效果最为显著,去除率均大于50%;对氧化物结合态、有机结合态和残渣态Pb、Zn的去除率大小顺序与淋洗深度和流速有关;对比淋洗前、后土柱中重金属的形态分布可知,最易释放和被生物利用的酸可提取态的占比明显减少,不易或不能被生物利用的氧化物结合态、有机结合态和残渣态的占比明显增加.研究显示,LED3A低流速淋洗不仅能够去除一定量的土壤重金属,同时可有效降低残留重金属对环境的潜在风险.   相似文献   

14.
李翔  宋云  刘永兵 《环境科学》2014,35(5):1946-1954
以人工制备Zn、Pb、Cd污染土壤为研究对象,采用城市污水处理石灰干化污泥作为稳定剂,对污染土壤进行稳定化处理,并采用TCLP、SPLP、去离子水浸提和优化的BCR连续提取法对稳定化效果进行分析和评价.结果表明,单独使用石灰干化污泥,TCLP浸出浓度随着干化污泥质量分数的增加而显著减少,干化污泥的质量分数为40%时,稳定化率最大为Zn-99.54%、Pb-99.60%、Cd-99.85%.SPLP和去离子水浸出评价稳定效果时,Pb和Zn在加入质量分数10%和20%的干化污泥时浸出明显降低,但在加入30%和40%时由于在强碱条件Pb和Zn会再溶出,导致稳定效果变差.为了恢复植物生长功能,经过FeSO4和H3PO4调节pH后,石灰干化污泥稳定过的土壤pH有效降低,同时FeSO4和H3PO4有利于促进Pb和Zn的稳定效果.经稳定化后,土壤中的重金属可交换态降低,限制了土壤重金属的迁移.该研究结果表明石灰干化污泥可以再利用,应用于重金属污染土壤的稳定化修复中,并能改善稳定后土壤适宜植物生长的理化性质.  相似文献   

15.
冻融对污染场地土壤重金属稳定化性能的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
为了分析冻融对污染场地土壤重金属稳定化性能的影响,采用赤泥和硫化钠作为添加剂,对土壤中的Pb、Zn和Cd进行稳定化处理,并通过模拟冻融过程,分析冻融循环后重金属的浸出毒性、生物可给性、土壤p H和土壤结构的变化,探讨冻融循环对稳定化处理土壤中重金属长期稳定性能的影响.结果表明:稳定化处理后土壤中Pb、Zn和Cd的浸出毒性比原始供试土壤分别降低了98.5%、99.8%和99.7%.养护30 d后,稳定化处理土壤中Zn和Cd的生物可给性分别由28.8%、49.5%降至11.5%、21.8%,Pb的生物可给性由52.9%升至57.9%.经过30 d冻融循环后,冻融土壤中Pb、Zn和Cd的浸出毒性比原始供试土壤中相应重金属质量分数分别增加了4.27、2.47、89.65 mg/L.经过冻融循环后,土壤中重金属的生物可给性比未冻融土壤略有升高.随着养护时间和冻融时间的延长,土壤p H呈升高趋势.不同阶段土壤扫描电镜结果显示,冻融循环致使土壤空隙变大、结构松散,说明冻融循环对稳定化土壤结构有一定损伤.分析结果表明,冻融过程增加了Pb、Zn和Cd释放的环境风险.  相似文献   

16.
淋洗修复后残留土壤中重金属的再释放及环境风险   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
淋洗修复后残留土壤中的重金属会因外界环境的改变可能会发生再释放过程而使环境风险增加,淹水是农田土壤常见的管理模式之一,然而淹水介导的土壤环境条件的改变对淋洗修复后残留农田土壤中重金属的再释放和环境风险的变化影响尚不清楚.因此,本研究开展了持续淹水培养(180 d)对经柠檬酸(CA)、EDTA、FeCl3和HCl淋洗修复后残留土壤中Cd、Pb和Zn的有效性、形态分配和环境风险的影响研究.结果表明随着培养时间的延长,经CA、EDTA和HCl淋洗后土壤中有效态Cd含量呈先增加后减少的趋势,有效态Pb含量增加,有效态Zn含量减少.经FeCl3淋洗后土壤中有效态Cd、Pb和Zn含量随培养时间延长而增加.形态分析结果表明,淹水会使土壤Eh降低而致使铁锰氧化物的溶解,因此导致可还原态Pb含量向弱酸提取态Pb转移是有效态Pb含量增加的原因;土壤弱酸提取态Cd含量变化与土壤有效态Cd含量变化基本一致;淹水对淋洗修复后Zn形态的影响较小.基于改进的潜在生态风险指数法评价结果表明淹水使CA、EDTA和HCl淋洗后土壤Cd、Zn环境风险和重金属环境总风险减少,使Pb的环境风险增加.淹水后FeCl3淋洗后土壤Cd、Pb和Zn环境风险及重金属环境总风险增加.由于FeCl3淋洗后的土壤重金属污染状况较低且环境总风险(低风险)明显小于其它3种淋洗剂淋洗的土壤,因此,FeCl3可成为Cd-Pb-Zn复合污染土壤的淋洗剂选择,但是需关注其淋洗修复后残留土壤中重金属的再释放并采取调控措施.本研究结果可为农田重金属污染土壤合适淋洗剂的选择和淋洗法修复重金属污染农田土壤的效果评估提供更为合理的指导思路.  相似文献   

17.
粉煤灰是煤炭燃烧后的副产物,富集于粉煤灰中的微量元素在风化、淋溶等外力作用下极易释放到环境中。pH是影响微量元素淋滤行为的重要因素,利用室内砂箱仿真模拟试验研究不同pH淋滤条件下粉煤灰中微量元素的迁移行为具有重要意义。研究结果表明:不同pH条件淋滤后的粉煤灰中Cr、Zn、Ni和Pb的含量都降低。淋滤后水体中Cr的浓度随着pH的升高呈先增大后减少的趋势,在pH为10时达到峰值;Zn、Ni和Pb的浓度随着pH的升高均呈现先减小后增大的特征。淋滤后土壤中Cr元素含量随pH值的升高表现为先减小后增大;Zn、Ni和Pb含量的变化趋势相似,在pH值为2—6.8时减小,随着pH值的继续升高,在pH为10左右达到峰值,随后下降。粉煤灰在短期淋滤条件下对土壤生态环境影响较小,一般情况下可以忽略。  相似文献   

18.
北京市土壤重金属含量背景值的系统研究   总被引:127,自引:25,他引:127  
在大规模、系统取样布点的基础上,从803个土壤样品中选出其中120个的"清洁"土壤样品,分析统计后提出了北京市土壤重金属的背景值.研究结果表明,北京市土壤As含量的背景值为7.09 mg/kg、Cd为0.119 mg/kg、Cr为29.8 mg/kg、Cu为18.7 mg/kg、Ni为26.8 mg/kg、Pb为24.6 mg/kg、Zn为57.5 mg/kg.与以前研究中所提出的背景值相比,本研究新提出的土壤Cd背景值提高125%,Pb和Ni的背景值没有明显的差异,但是As、Cr、Cu、Zn的土壤背景值则降低19%~55%.  相似文献   

19.
在嵊州农产品产地共采集94对土壤—水稻样品,研究重金属在土壤-水稻系统的污染特征及空间异质性.结果表明,土壤重金属Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均含量分别为0.20、28.64、27.03、38.51和98.74mg/kg,与背景值相比较,这些重金属在研究区均有不同程度的累积,局部污染严重,但是水稻重金属没有超过国家规定的食品安全标准,仍处于安全水平.土壤重金属Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn都属于中等程度变异,其变异系数分别为45.00%、46.65%、81.54%、18.07%、32.47%.地统计学和局部Moran’s I指数结果可识别出这五个重金属的污染分布情况.土壤Cd、Cu、Ni和Zn的空间分布较为相似,基本为东西部含量较低,中部较高,这与工业活动和其他的人为活动有关.土壤--水稻系统重金属的迁移、吸收主要受土壤重金属含量和土壤理化性状的影响.从长远来看,重金属污染对当地生态和居民健康仍有潜在的威胁.  相似文献   

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