共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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对某工业遗弃区土壤中重金属和多环芳烃( PAHs)污染状况进行调查,采用Harkanson“潜在生态危害指数法”及多介质环境目标值评价法对土壤中重金属及多环芳烃( PAHs)进行生态评价.结果表明:该地区的土壤受重金属污染,以汞、铜、锌、镍为重,污染排序为汞>铜>锌>镍>砷>镉>铅>铬;多环芳烃(PArs)中污染主要以... 相似文献
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鱼体内PAHs生物标志物研究综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
多环芳烃进入水环境后,由于其较高的辛醇-水分配系数,在水中溶解的很少.主要在水底沉积物积累,而后又缓慢持续地向水体中释放,造成对水生生态环境低浓度、长时间的污染。鱼是水环境健康的重要指示生物,且鱼能快速降解多环芳烃,常作为评价水环境多环芳烃污染的重要指示生物。简单介绍了多环芳烃在鱼体内的代谢过程;从防御型生物标志物、损伤型生物标志物等方面,综述了几种鱼体内常用的多环芳烃生物标志物及其应用前景。 相似文献
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为指导正确评价多环芳烃污染农田土壤生态修复效果及环境风险,根据辽宁省农田土壤多环芳烃污染状况、多环芳烃污染农田土壤生态修复技术特点,参考国内外相关标准,应用生态风险模型,建立辽宁省地方标准(DB 21/T 2274-2014)——多环芳烃污染农田土壤生态修复标准,提出了生态修复完成后农田土壤中总多环芳烃浓度和苯并[a]芘环境当量总浓度限值。主要内容为:生态修复完成后农田土壤中总多环芳烃浓度低于2 mg/kg,生态修复完成后农田土壤中苯并[a]芘环境当量总浓度低于0.53 mg/kg。 相似文献
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珠江三角洲一些菜地土壤中多环芳烃的含量及来源 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
为了探讨珠江三角洲中心区经济发达地带的多环芳烃污染水平,为有关部门制定相关的环保政策提供依据,分析了55个分别采自广州、东莞以及佛山郊区表层菜地中土壤样品的多环芳烃的含量.16种EPA(美国环保署)规定的优先控制多环芳烃含量为58~3077 μg·kg-1,均值为315 μg·kg-1,相对于土壤标准和世界其它地区的检测结果属于中等程度污染.分析结果表明,土壤中多环芳烃的含量同土壤总有机碳、碳黑存在着显著的线性关系.通过几个常用参数分析得知,广州、东莞及佛山的多环芳烃污染来源于石化污染以及化石燃料、生物质和煤炭的燃烧.据估算,广州、东莞及佛山0~20 cm表层土壤中多环芳烃类的储量为1292t. 相似文献
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首先概括了化学品事故类型,然后,就化学品事故对人群健康的影响,从多个层面进行了系统性、全面性的论述;在此基础上,结合环境应急救援的理论方法,指明了化学品事故处理的序列环节及应急策略。研究表明,深入探讨化学品事故的环境应急救援技术策略研究,对做好人群健康工作具有较好的现实意义,同时也有助于完善、丰富化学品事故应急处置的理论内涵。 相似文献
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Numerical simulation of PAHs sorption/desorption on soil with the influence of Tween80 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper, the influences of inionic surfactant Tween80 on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) sorption/desorption on artificially contaminated soil were studied, and γ model was applied to simulate the influences. Results showed that, with the use of Tween 80, the sorption behaviors of PAHs on soil altered significantly. Adsorbed Tween 80 increased the sorption amount of PAHs while the dissolved Tween80 increased the apparent solubility of PAHs. These two processes exert influences on the sorption coefficient of PAHs in soil-water system, which can be depicted by apparent sorption coefficient. The partition coefficients (the soil/water partition coefficient of PAHs and surfactants obtained fxom sorption experiments) and statistical parameters used in the amended γ model were obtained in independent experiments. With these parameters, the γ model could provide a satisfactory independent prediction of PAHs release from soil to aqueous phase at two surfactant concentrations. 相似文献
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滦河口表层沉积物中重金属和多环芳烃的分布、来源及风险评估 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了弄清近年滦河输送与河口环境之间的相关性,对采自滦河口的33个表层沉积物样品的粒度、有机碳、重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni、As、Hg)和多环芳烃(PAHs;16种US EPA优先控制单体)含量进行了检测分析.Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni、As、Hg的平均含量分别为18.76,30.98,44.63,41.14,15.60,0.09,7.21和0.02μg/g.重金属含量高值区分布在河口和南部细颗粒中心区域,其分布受沉积环境控制;元素之间相关性较高,河流输送对该区域中重金属含量和分布影响较大;该区域中重金属64.2%源于人为污染释放,35.8%属于自然背景;整体污染程度较低,在河口存在低生态风险.PAHs总浓度为7.5~74.3ng/g,平均为37.4ng/g,PAHs与重金属具有完全不同的分布特征,河流输送影响较小,单体组成以4环单体为主;该区域中沉积物中的PAHs有40.3%源于石油泄漏及船舶航行等,46.7%源于煤炭、天然气及木柴燃烧,12.0%源于交通尾气排放;北部区域锚地船舶航行及石油制品泄漏对北部区域PAHs生态风险贡献较大. 相似文献
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针对环境中常见且对人体危害极大的USEPA优先控制污染物多环芳烃(PAHs)在海水中的监测方法进行研究.以国家标准分析方法和美国环保局分析方法为基础,采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法来测定.探讨了各条件对测定的影响,经过固相萃取,七种PAHs在反相高效液相色谱中有很好的分离效果,满意的回收率,方法简便,具有良好的应用前景. 相似文献
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地表水中多环芳烃迁移转化研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
多环芳烃类(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,PAHs)物质是广泛存在于环境中的一类持久性有机污染物,具有难降解、易富集和"三致"的特点,可能严重危害人类健康和生态环境.文章主要阐述PAHs在环境中的污染,重点是对地表水环境的污染;总结PAHs在地表水环境中迁移转化研究的进展和成果,重点... 相似文献
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We selected the Guanting Reservoir in Beijing, China as a case where an industrial area locates on the upwind corner to study the influence of human activities and natural processes on the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. Soil PAH concentrations in the study area follow a log-normal probability distribution function, suggesting that distribution of PAH in soils was affected by human activities. Distribution of PAHs in soils was significantly affected by the point source that high PAH concentrations were observed in near industrial area with an obvious declining trend from the northwest to the southeast which was the prevailing wind direction in this area. Away from the influence of point source, distribution of PAHs in soils was found to significantly correlate with total organic carbon content, while the influences of agricultural land uses and type of soil texture on the total soil PAHs contents and ring compositions were quite limited. The results can provide some evidences and data on the pollutant accumulation in drink water protection area influenced by natural processes and human activities. 相似文献