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1.
以城市污水处理厂的剩余污泥为材料,经过质子化处理制备成生物吸附剂,进行了吸附水溶液中活性红4(RR4)的研究.同时考察了吸附时间、溶液pH值、染料浓度、盐的浓度等因素对RR4吸附的影响.生物吸附剂对RR4的吸附所需平衡时间短(约22h),酸性条件利于吸附,碱性条件下则会发生解吸附(解吸附率高于87%),吸附等温曲线符合Langmuir和Freundlich模式,pH=1条件下生物吸附剂、活性碳、硅藻土对RR4的最大吸附量qm分别为35.66,20.48,1.82mg·g-1.RR4低浓度时盐对吸附不产生明显影响,当RR4高浓度时,盐对吸附有促进作用.研究结果表明,用质子化剩余污泥作生物吸附剂去除染料废水中RR4有实际应用的潜力,为剩余污泥的资源化提供了新途径.  相似文献   

2.
废啤酒酵母吸附去除水溶液中活性红4   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
用废啤酒酵母作生物吸附剂吸附水溶液中活性红4(RR4),并对吸附性能进行了评价。通过电位滴定和FTIR分析表明废啤酒酵母上主要存在磺酸基、羧基及氨基等官能团。对溶液pH值、RR4浓度和吸附时间等因素对吸附的影响进行了研究,结果表明:废啤酒酵母对RR4的吸附速率快,320min即可达到吸附平衡;酸性条件利于吸附,碱性条件下则会发生解吸附,pH=11条件下解吸附率高于86%;等温吸附数据符合Langmuir模式,pH=2条件下废啤酒酵母对RR4的最大吸附量为103.36mg/g。  相似文献   

3.
采用顶空气相色谱法对水中吡啶进行测定,探讨了溶液初始pH值、NaCl浓度、顶空平衡温度和平衡时间等因素对吡啶溶液峰面积的影响。结果表明:随着溶液初始pH值和ρ(NaCl)的增大,吡啶溶液峰面积均先上升,最终分别于pH为7. 0,ρ(NaCl)为300 g/L时趋于平稳;吡啶溶液峰面积随着顶空平衡温度和平衡时间的升高均先缓慢增加,随后迅速上升至临界值后再明显下降,其相应的临界值分别为85℃和40 min。通过正交实验确定各个因素影响吡啶溶液峰面积的主次顺序为:溶液pH值>顶空平衡温度>顶空平衡时间>ρ(NaCl),其相应的最优顶空条件分别为pH 7. 0,85℃,10min,300 g/L。此方法的检出限为0. 0012 mg/L,平均加标回收率为98. 8%~102. 4%,RSD为2. 20%~4. 68%(n=5)。  相似文献   

4.
高景峰  司春英 《环境科学研究》2015,28(11):1764-1773
基于"以废治废"的理念,以农林业废弃物——油茶饼为原料制备生物吸附剂,吸附去除废水中的RR15(C.I.Reactive Red 15,活性红15)染料,并采用响应曲面法中的Box-Behnken设计对油茶饼生物吸附剂吸附RR15的条件进行优化.结果表明:p H对油茶饼生物吸附剂吸附RR15的吸附容量和去除率均有显著影响(P0.000 1);当p H为1.0、初始ρ(RR15)为300 mg/L、吸附温度为20℃时,油茶饼生物吸附剂对RR15的吸附效果最佳.相比于Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温线模型,Temkin吸附等温线模型可以更好地描述油茶饼生物吸附剂对RR15的吸附平衡数据.吸附温度为20℃时,由Langmuir吸附等温线模型计算得到的Q0(吸附剂的单层饱和吸附量)为74.63 mg/g.动力学分析显示,油茶饼生物吸附剂对RR15的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型(R20.999 7),支持了限速步骤是化学吸附的理论;内部扩散和边界层扩散都可能影响吸附速率.热力学分析表明,该吸附过程是一个自发的放热过程.FTIR(fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,傅里叶变换红外光谱)分析发现,油茶饼生物吸附剂上羟基、胺基等官能团可能是RR15染料的主要结合位点.研究显示,油茶饼生物吸附剂是一种具有潜力的绿色吸附剂,可以有效去除废水中的RR15染料.  相似文献   

5.
制备了巯基纤维素并用其对含Cr(VI)离子的溶液进行了静态吸附实验.研究了pH值、吸附时间、反应温度、吸附剂用量等因素对吸附性能的影响.结果表明:在pH值为2、Cr(VI)浓度为50 mg/L和吸附剂为0.5 g时,常温条件下吸附6h后,Cr(VI)去除率达到99.2%,吸附反应符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温方程.  相似文献   

6.
制备了巯基纤维素并用其对含Cr(VI)离子的溶液进行了静态吸附实验.研究了pH值、吸附时间、反应温度、吸附剂用量等因素对吸附性能的影响.结果表明:在pH值为2、Cr(VI)浓度为50 mg/L和吸附剂为0.5 g时,常温条件下吸附6h后,Cr(VI)去除率达到99.2%,吸附反应符合Langmuir和Freundlic...  相似文献   

7.
生物吸附剂对重金属Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
利用锯末和花生壳制备出对重金属离子具有较好吸附性能的生物吸附剂。研究了此种生物吸附剂对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能,并深入分析了吸附时间、pH、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度、吸附剂粒径、搅拌速度、共存阴离子对吸附的影响,并通过再生试验检验了吸附剂性质的稳定性和重复利用性。最佳吸附条件组合为:生物吸附剂Ⅰ初始浓度7 mg/L,吸附时间120 min,pH=2.0,温度30.2℃,投加量0.8 g,此时去除率达到85.01%;生物吸附剂Ⅱ初始浓度100 mg/L,吸附时间360 min,pH=2.0,温度30.1℃,投加量1.0 g,此时去除率达到87.96%。  相似文献   

8.
为探究铬污染的治理方法,选择园艺作物辣椒的秸秆作为吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)进行静态吸附实验研究,考察了吸附温度、吸附时间、溶液pH及铬溶液初始浓度对吸附过程的影响,并通过热动力学等研究探索了吸附过程的吸附机理,并结合扫描电镜-能谱分析对辣椒秸秆吸附水溶液Cr(Ⅵ)前后进行表征,结果发现溶液pH对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附有较大的影响,在低pH值具有较高的铬吸附容量,且吸附剂的吸附容量随着吸附温度、吸附时间及初始浓度的增加而增加。在吸附剂用量12.5 g/L,初始溶液浓度160 mg/L,pH值为2.0,吸附温度40℃的条件下吸附750 min,辣椒秸秆对铬的吸附量达12.1 mg/g。热动力学研究表明整个吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型及Langmuir等温线模型,吸附是一种自发吸热熵增的过程。  相似文献   

9.
以南荻秸秆生物炭为实验原料,利用Fe-NH4Cl进行改性,研究其对Pb2+的吸附效果。通过考察生物炭用量、溶液初始p H值、吸附时间及溶液初始浓度对吸附的影响,并对吸附前后生物炭样品进行傅里叶变换红外光谱分析(FITR)、比表面积(BET)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、电镜扫描(SEM)表征。结果表明在pH=5、溶液浓度为50 mg/L、温度为30℃、吸附时间为180 min、吸附剂用量在1.4 g/L、改性生物炭对Pb~(2+)吸附量达35.4 mg/g,与未改性生物炭相比吸附量提高20倍左右。生物炭对Pb~(2+)的吸附机理主要为表面羟基(—OH)和羰基(C=O)与Pb2+表面发生络合化学反应作用。  相似文献   

10.
锰氧化物改性硅藻土对水中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附性能研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
以硅藻土精土为基体,用锰氧化物作为改性剂制备了改性硅藻土,采用SEM、FT-IR、XRD、比表面积仪对锰氧化物改性的硅藻土进行表征。通过静态吸附试验考查了吸附剂用量、溶液初始浓度、反应温度、溶液初始pH、反应时间等因素对改性硅藻土吸附模拟废水中Cd(Ⅱ)的影响。结果表明:环境温度为25℃,溶液pH为4,投加量为5 g/L时,改性硅藻土对4 mg/L的Cd(Ⅱ)吸附效果最好,去除率可达到97.5%以上,处理后的废水中ρ(Cd(Ⅱ))<0.1 mg/L,低于GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》中总镉的排放标准。  相似文献   

11.
Loofa sponge (LS) immobilized biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana (LSIBCS), isolated from industrial wastewater, was investigated as a new biosorbent for the removal of Cr(Ⅲ) from aqueous solution. A comparison of the biosorption of Cr(Ⅲ) by LSIBCS and free biomass of C. sorokiniana (FBCS) from 10-300 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/L aqueous solutions showed an increase in uptake of 17.79% when the microalgal biomass was immobilized onto loofa sponge. Maximum biosorption capacity for LSIBCS and FBCS was found to be 69.26 and 58.80 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/g biosorbent, respectively, whereas the amount of Cr(Ⅲ) ions adsorbed onto naked LS was 4.97 mg/g. The kinetics of Cr(Ⅲ) biosorption was extremely rapid and equilibrium was established in about 15 and 20 min by LSIBCS and FBCS,respectively. The biosorption equilibrium was well defined by Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The biosorption was found to be pH dependent and the maximum sorption occurred at the solution pH 4.0. Desorption studies showed that 98% of the adsorbed Cr(Ⅲ) could be desorbed with 0.1 mol/L HNO3, while other desorbing agents were less effective in the order: EDTA > H2SO4 > CH3COOH > HCl. The regenerated LSIBCS retained 92.68% of the initial Cr(Ⅲ) binding capacity up to five cycles of reuse in continuous flow-fixed bed columns. The study revealed that LSIBCS could be used as an effective biosorbent for the removal of Cr(Ⅲ) from wastewater.  相似文献   

12.
The sludge, which was collected from a biological coke wastewater treatment plant, was used as a low-cost adsorbent in the removal of reactive dyes (methylene blue (MB) and reactive red 4 (RR4)) from aqueous solution. The pH of dye solution played an important role on the dye uptake. As the solution pH increase, the MB uptake increased, while the RR4 uptake decreased. The maximum uptake of RR4 by protonated sludge was 73.7 mg/g at pH 1, and the maximum uptake of MB by sludge was 235.3 mg/g at pH 9. Three functional groups, including carboxyl, phosphonate, and amine group, were identified by potentiometric titration, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The anionic functional groups, phosphonate and carboxyl group, were identified as the binding sites for the cationic MB. Amine groups were identified to bind RR4. The main mechanism of the reactive dyestuffs adsorption is electrostatic interaction.  相似文献   

13.
响应面法优化复合微生物吸附剂对低浓度Cr3+的吸附   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
根据已有4种微生物吸附剂的吸附基团存在的差异特征,将其复配成复合吸附剂,借助统计学方法研究其对低ρ(Cr3+)废水的吸附性能.在单因素试验基础上,利用P-B(Plackett-Burman)法筛选出吸附过程4个主要影响因素分别为pH,初始ρ(Cr3+)及微生物吸附剂XB和TQ的投加量,应用最陡爬坡试验接近主要因素最优水平,采用Box-Behnken试验设计和响应面分析得到对低浓度Cr3+吸附过程的二阶模型.结果表明,最优吸附条件为pH 4.0,初始ρ(Cr3+)为4.86mg/L,XB和TQ的投加量分别为0.20和0.13 g/L,实际吸附率达到87.54%,与理论预测值(87.68%)接近,且高出单一吸附剂吸附率7.79%~17.35%.FT-IR扫描显示,复合微生物吸附剂性能提高与表面基团增多有关.通过响应面分析法优化复合微生物吸附,吸附性能明显提高.  相似文献   

14.
以黑曲霉菌丝体作为吸附剂,通过静态吸附实验研究了各种因素对其吸附去除废水中Pb2+的影响。结果表明:当Pb2+初始浓度为50 mg/L,吸附剂用量为1.0 g/L,吸附时间为45 min,pH为5.0时,吸附效果最佳。此时吸附量为44.1 mg/g,去除率为90.86%。使用准二阶动力学方程可较好的拟合黑曲霉对Pb2+的吸附,表明该吸附过程以化学吸附为主。等温吸附过程可用Freundlich方程描述,说明该吸附为多分子层吸附。傅立叶红外光谱分析表明,黑曲霉吸附剂表面的酯羰基(-COO-)、羧基(-COOH )和羟基(-OH )在吸附Pb2+的过程中发挥主要作用。  相似文献   

15.
A simple and efficient biosorbent prepared from powdered mycelial biomass of Ceriporia lacerata was used to removal Crystal Violet, poorly degraded as recalcitrant molecule by microorganism.  相似文献   

16.
Loofa sponge (LS) immobilized biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana (LSIBCS), isolated from industrial wastewater, was investigated as a new biosorbent for the removal of Cr(Ⅲ) from aqueous solution. A comparison of the biosorption of Cr(Ⅲ) by LSIBCS and free biomass of C. sorokiniana (FBCS) from 10-300 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/L aqueous solutions showed an increase in uptake of 17.79% when the microalgal biomass was immobilized onto loofa sponge. Maximum biosorption capacity for LSIBCS and FBCS was found to be 69.26 and 58.80 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/g biosorbent, respectively, whereas the amount of Cr(Ⅲ) ions adsorbed onto naked LS was 4.97 mg/g. The kinetics of Cr(Ⅲ) biosorption was extremely rapid and equilibrium was established in about 15 and 20 min by LSIBCS and FBCS, respectively. The biosorption equilibrium was well defined by Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The biosorption was found to be pH dependent and the maximum sorption occurred at the solution pH 4.0. Desorption studies showed that 98% of the adsorbed Cr(Ⅲ) could be desorbed with 0.1 mol/L HNO3, while other desorbing agents were less effective in the order: EDTA 〉 H2SO4 〉 CH3COOH 〉 HCl. The regenerated LSIBCS retained 92.68% of the initial Cr(Ⅲ) binding capacity up to five cycles of reuse in continuous flow-fixed bed columns. The study revealed that LSIBCS could be used as an effective biosorbent for the removal of Cr(Ⅲ) from wastewater.  相似文献   

17.
The spent mushroom compost of Lentinus edodes was used as a biosorbent for adsorbing cadmium, lead and chromium from solutions under batch conditions for the first time. Titration of the biomass revealed that it contained at least three types of functional groups. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometry showed that the carboxyl, phosphoryl, phenolic groups were the main groups. The simulated values of pK, and molar quantity were 5.00 and 0.44 mmol/g, 7.32 and 1.38 mmol/g, 10.45 and 1.44 mmol/g, respectively. The biosorption ability increased with pH in acid condition. When 10 mg/L biomass dosage was added in, there was no significant increment of metal uptake. The maximum uptake estimated with the Langmiur isotherm model were 833.33 mg/g for Cd( Ⅱ ), 1000.00 mg/g for Pb( Ⅱ ) and 44.44 mg/g for Cr( Ⅲ ), respectively. All the results showed that vast potential sorption capacity was existed in the biomass for adsorbing these three kinds of metals studied.  相似文献   

18.
运用玉米芯作为生物吸附剂去除水溶液中Zn~(2+)。以单因素控制变量法考察了玉米芯用量、吸附时间、改性盐浓度和摇床转速对吸附性能的影响,并运用响应面法对吸附条件进行优化,通过吸附等温线、吸附动力学和热力学研究来探讨吸附机理。结果表明,当Zn~(2+)初始浓度为50 mg/L、改性盐浓度为0.26%、玉米芯用量为20 g/L、转速为203 r/min,于30℃的恒温振荡器中振荡吸附反应35 min后,吸附率可达80.40%。玉米芯对水溶液中Zn~(2+)的吸附是一个自发的吸附过程,其吸附行为符合二级反应速率方程和Langmuir吸附等温式,具有一定的应用前景。  相似文献   

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