模糊综合评价法在偏二甲肼罐区风险评价中的应用

针对偏二甲肼在储存过程中事故发生的多样性、复杂性和不确定性等特点,建立了偏二甲肼贮存罐区风险评价模型,通过层次分析法确定了各影响因素的权重,并运用模糊综合评价法对偏二甲肼贮存罐区进行了风险评价,结果表明:偏二甲肼贮存罐区风险为2级,风险较大;其影响因素中安全管理所占的权重最大,其次依次为人员素质、充装过量、罐区设备、存储设备。最后提出了预防事故的措施。     

油罐脱水技术的改进

介绍油品罐区三次脱水工艺和新型的自动控制系统与现行的工艺控制系统相比较，明显地提高了油水分离效果和自动操作水平。     

道化学公司危险指数评价方法在乙二醇装置环氧乙烷罐区的应用

运用道化学公司火灾、爆炸危险指数评价方法对乙二醇装置环氧乙烷罐区进行安全评价 ,辨识环氧乙烷罐区的危险因素 ,计算财产损失 ,从安全管理几方面提出对策     

储运罐区气相连通设施HAZOP分析应用研究

介绍了石油化工企业储运罐区气相连通设施概况和存在的风险。以芳烃罐区气相连通为研究对象,应用HAZOP分析软件对装置进行安全评价,对潜在风险进行定性和半定量分析,并提出相应的风险控制方案。     

两种安全评价方法在某汽油储罐区中的应用

以某油库汽油罐区为例,运用池火灾和故障树分析等两种方法对罐区进行评价。制定安全检查表,从"人、机、料、法、环"等5个方面着手,对油库进行系统的隐患排查,制定并严格落实相应的安全对策措施,以不断提高罐区的本质安全水平。     

化工罐区大气环境影响评价中的技术探讨

就化工罐区大气环境影响评价中储罐正常排放时预测模式的选取、风险事故后果评价预测模式和参数的选取、环境监测计划的制定等技术问题进行了探讨.储罐大小呼吸损耗应采用面源模式进行预测更符合罐区无组织低矮源排放的实际情况.在风险事故后果评价中,泄漏蒸发和火灾事故中C0、SO2等伴生污染物的扩散模拟所选取的扩散参数的不同将导致预测...     

丙烯罐区火灾、爆炸风险的故障树分析

应用故障树分析法对齐鲁石化某丙烯罐区的火灾、爆炸风险及原因进行了分析评价,从而提出了预防火灾爆炸事故的建议和措施。     

海(水)上原油设施溢油防止对策

为了预防、控制海上原油泄漏对海域的污染,分别对临海(水)罐区、海(水)上石油勘探生产设施、海(水)底管线、油轮和油驳、码头等,提出溢油防止对策.     

近年罐区火灾事故原因分析及安全预防

罐区作为石油及产品的主要储存区域 , 担负着液态油品和可燃气体的收发储存任务 . 罐区占地面积大 , 收发作业频繁 , 设备检维修频次多 , 特别是炼油厂罐区 , 为配合装置生产 , 往往出现油罐长时间不能清罐检修或只能边生产边检修的情况 , 罐区管理稍有不慎 , 就会发生火灾事故 . 本文统计了近两年中国石化集团公司及我厂罐区发生的火灾事故 , 分析了事故的原因 , 并探讨预防罐区火灾事故的思路和措施 , 以提高罐区的安全管理水平 .     

道公司火灾爆炸指数法与重大危险源评价法的比较研究

运用道化学公司火灾爆炸指数法和我国的重大危险源评价法对某液化石油气罐区进行危险性评价,估算其爆炸的影响范围。对两种方法评价结果进行了比较,进而分析各种方法的特点及适用范围。     

养鸭场对环境影响的调查与评价

介绍了应用卫生学现场观察测量等方法，对滇池周边养鸭场周围大气及纳污水体滇池进行调查监测，并根据监测结果，对养鸭场周边受污染的空气环境质量和滇池水质进行环境健康评价，表明养鸭场对周边大气和水体的污染程度的范围，并提出相应的控制养鸭场污染的对策措施。     

养鸭场对环境影响的调查与评价

介绍了应用卫生学现场观察测量等方法,对滇池周边养鸭场周围大气及纳污水体滇池进行调查监测,并根据监测结果,对养鸭场周边受污染的空气环境质量和滇池水质进行环境健康评价,表明养鸭场对周边大气和水体的污染程度的范围,并提出相应的控制养鸭场污染的对策措施。     

Modelling farm structural change for integrated ex-ante assessment: review of methods and determinants

This paper provides a literature review of methods and determinants relevant for modelling farm structural change within an integrated modelling chain. Environmental and economic impacts at farm level and individual farm responses to agricultural and agri-environmental policies strongly depend on characteristics like farm size, specialisation, and production intensity. Consequently, up-scaling results of corresponding farm type models in ex-ante assessment exercises requires comprehensive and valid predictions of the farm types’ future relevance under different scenarios. The paper reviews methods relevant to forecasting farm numbers in classes defined by farm typologies with the objective to identify (1) a preferable modelling approach and (2) empirically relevant determinants. Despite the literature's considerable size, even recent studies are rather limited in scope and typically restricted to a subset of farm types and one or very few regions. With regard to data availability, computational complexity and statistical validation procedures, Markov chain models are identified as the only generally suitable method for a broadly scoped modelling approach across European regions and a differentiated farm typology. However, other research on determinants of farm growth, the number of farm holders, farm succession as well as new multi-agent based simulation approaches hint at relevant explanatory variables previously not considered in Markov chain analyses. Their impact seems testable in more ambitious cross-regional and cross-farm type setups.     

道化学公司指数法在罐区安全评价中的应用

采用道化学公司火灾、爆炸危险指数法对中国石化某厂综合储罐区进行安全评价,得出了其安全措施补偿前后的火灾、爆炸指数（F＆EI）、危险等级、暴露半径、暴露面积以及暴露体积等。结果表明,该企业综合储罐区采取的安全措施较为适用,能降低火灾、爆炸事故发生的概率和事故损害．     

江苏滨海海上风电场建设对近岸海洋生态环境的累积影响评价

近年来海上风电事业高速发展,而短期内在较小的区域之中建设多个海上风电场会对海洋生态环境造成累积影响。通过对海上风电场建设的累积影响识别,综合运用情景分析法、GIS方法、赋值计算法,结合滨海县海上风电场建设的实际情况,定量分析并评价了海上风电场建设对近岸海域海洋水质和海洋生物造成的累积影响。研究表明:多个海上风电场建设对近岸海域和风电场区附近海域的生态环境累积影响较大,根据风电场建设规模变化设定的三种情景的累积影响综合得分分别为0.475、0.508、0.640,说明海上风电场建设产生的累积影响随建设数量和规模的增加而增加,评价结果表明短期内多个海上风电场建设对近岸海洋生态环境的累积影响较大,应在该海域内合理谨慎地开发海上风电,加强风电场建设管理以及采取有效的生态补偿措施以降低累积影响程度。     

基于混合生命周期分析的我国海上风电场能耗及温室气体排放研究

随着我国海上风电的快速发展,对其资源环境成本进行系统核算对于全面评价海上风电的节能减排潜力具有重要意义.本研究采用混合生命周期评价方法,对我国第一个海上风电场—上海东海大桥海上风电场(二期)的能耗和温室气体排放进行核算,并将核算结果与典型陆上风电场和其它类型的可再生能源进行比较.结果表明:该海上风电项目全生命周期发电能耗为0.51 MJ·k Wh~(-1),相应的温室气体排放量为26.47g·k Wh~(-1)(以CO_2当量计);在设备制造与运输、建设施工、运行维护、回收处置4个阶段中,设备生产与运输阶段在能耗和温室气体排放的占比最大,分别贡献了能耗的91.23%和温室气体排放量的60.48%;横向比较发现,海上风电场单位发电量的能耗和温室气体排放均高于陆上风电项目,但与光伏、生物质、地热等可再生能源发电项目相比,海上风电项目全生命周期能耗和温室气体排放依然具有一定优势.     

Environmental assessment of organic soybean (Glycine max.) imported from China to Denmark: a case study

Growing global trade with organic products has increased the demand for environmental impact assessments during both production and transport. Environmental hotspots of organic soybeans produced in China and imported to Denmark were identified in a case study using a life cycle assessment approach. Furthermore, environmental impacts of organic and conventional soybeans at farm gate were compared in the case study. The total global warming potential (GWP) per ton organic soybeans imported to Denmark revealed that 51% came from transportation and 35% from the farm level. Comparing organic and conventional soybean at farm gate showed that GWP, non-renewable energy use, acidification and eutrophication was lower per ton organic soybeans, whereas land use was slightly higher.     

Sedimentation retention basin utilization for best management practice

Approaches to the artificial impoundment and theoretical design of sedimentation retention basin are reviewed with particular attention to best management practice(BMP) to control agriculture and surface runoff. Sediments retention basins are the small version of farm pond usedwhere a criteria of farm pond is not met. Such basin traps the pollutants and suspended solids prior to entry into streams and lakes. The study is focused with special reference to the assessment and control of non-point source pollution(NPSP) from the sub-basin area of Tai Lake in the Xishan County of Wuxi City of China, The author suggested two different approaches to conduct this study including theoretical design for sedimentation retention basin and computation of flow, sediment transport and deposition during the artificial impoundment of retention basin for BMP‘s utilization. Theoretical design will provide a useful function as a first line defense against the movement of sediments and transport of pollutants into the Tai Lake while the assessment of sediments deposition will help to make its proper use and periodic cleanup.     

基于生态系统功能的大连市围填海资源潜力评估

将大连市围填海资源区划分为原生湿地(基岩海岸、砂质海岸、淤泥质海岸)和人工湿地(养殖池塘、水库、盐田)的基础上,评估了大连市围填海资源区生态系统服务价值,并结合通过遥感影像所提取的2000年、2010年大连市不同类型岸线长度和面积数据,构建基于生态系统功能的围填海资源潜力评估模型并对大连市围填海资源潜力进行评估,结果表明,大连市围填海资源区潜力值,人工湿地原生湿地,原生湿地围填海资源潜力为:砂质海岸粉砂淤泥质海岸岩石性海岸;人工湿地围填海资源潜力为:养殖池塘近岸水库盐田。