A case of prenatal paternity discrimination

A case is described in which prenatal paternity determination was required, on account of suspected incest. Chromosome heteromorphisms were uninformative, but discrimination was achieved by HLA typing.     

环保官司大透视--中华环保联合会援助村民状告兴隆县政府行政不作为追踪

2006年3月7日，河北省兴隆县半壁山镇靳杖子村的村民宋卫民，打电话给当地人民法院。当被告知状告县政府环保不作为的官司二审已立案、开庭审理还得等几个月时，这位已近中年的农村妇女百感交集，本应毫无悬念却扑朔迷离的环保官司，似乎有了新的转机。     

Biomimetics and the case of the remarkable ragworms

Biomimetics is a rapidly growing field both as an academic and as an applied discipline. This paper gives a short introduction to the current status of the discipline before it describes three approaches to biomimetics: the mechanism-driven, which is based on the study of a specific mechanism; the focused organism-driven, which is based on the study of one function in a model organism; and the integrative organism-driven approach, where multiple functions of a model organism provide inspiration. The first two are established approaches and include many modern studies and the famous biomimetic discoveries of Velcro and the Lotus-Effect, whereas the last approach is not yet well recognized. The advantages of the integrative organism-driven approach are discussed using the ragworms as a case study. A morphological and locomotory study of these marine polychaetes reveals their biomimetic potential, which includes using their ability to move in slippery substrates as inspiration for novel endoscopes, using their compound setae as models for passive friction structures and using their three gaits, slow crawling, fast crawling, and swimming as well as their rapid burrowing technique to provide inspiration for the design of displacement pumps and multifunctional robots.     

EcoDesign: case of a mini compressor re-design

This article demonstrates the application of EcoDesign techniques in the re-design of a fish tank air compressor. This application aims the reduction of components, the minimization of raw materials and the manufacture processes and tends as main focus the minimization of environmental impact in the development of new products. This air compressor was awarded the first prize in the Product Project category in the ECODESIGN Award – FIESP/CIESP 2004.     

莆田地区一次臭氧污染过程分析

利用2018年7月28日—8月5日莆田地区4个环境监测站臭氧逐小时浓度观测资料、莆田国家气象站逐小时资料、莆田地区风廓线雷达站逐小时资料对7月29日—8月4日的臭氧污染过程进行分析.结果表明,除7月30日臭氧最大浓度为193 μg·m^-3外,其余日期莆田市监测站的臭氧浓度小时最大值均超过200 μg·m^-3.本次污染过程在气象条件上臭氧浓度与温度呈正相关,与湿度呈负相关,臭氧浓度与两者的相关系数绝对值均大于0.77.边界层上的偏西风和西南风在此次过程中表现出有利于本地区臭氧污染的形成和维持.结合污染物排放资料和后向轨迹分析表明,污染主要成因以外来源输送为主,后向轨迹经过漳州、泉州排放区,本地区排放对污染的贡献较少.莆田市监测站的NO_x与O₃浓度呈正相关的特殊现象是海陆风和山谷风配合地形造成的O₃和NO_x共同堆积和扩散所导致的.     

Ecological assessment of cities-procedure and a case study

This paper discusses the scientific background and content of the ecological assessment of cities, and takes Boda, a new town in Xinjiang province, China, as a case study.     

地震应急中的组织及其管理

结合地震应急工作的特点和地震应急的不同时段,分析了政府、企业和非政府组织、民众个体、媒体等各类组织在地震应急管理中的作用,并就构建地震应急的组织、整合组织资源等问题进行了探讨。     

Morphological features of a case of retinoic acid embryopathy

A case of retinoic acid embryopathy which was retrospectively diagnosed after delivery is presented. The affected fetus was exposed to the drug during the first month of pregnancy and second-trimester sonographic examination showed hydrocephalus and cardiacmalformation. The diagnosis was made on the basis of autopsy findings and genetic enquiry.     

Prenatal diagnosis of a case of tetrasomy 9p

A male fetus with tetrasomy 9p [47,XY, + i(9p)] is presented. The cytogenetic interpretation of the marker chromosome was confirmed by assessing the activity of the enzyme galactose I-phosphate uridyl transferase. The clinical findings of the case show features in common with previously reported cases.     

First-trimester diagnosis of an unusual case of α-mannosidosis

Chorionic villi obtained in the first trimester from a pregnancy at risk for α-mannosidosis were shown to have reduced α-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.24) activity. The pregnancy was terminated and subsequent enzyme studies of the fetal tissues were consistent with the diagnosis of α-mannosidosis. Like the enzyme in the child's fibroblast, α-mannosidase of the chorionic villi from a pregnancy at risk for α-mannosidosis was activated by high substrate concentration and by Zn^{2 +}, and displayed a K_m value two-fold higher than normal. Our results confirm that chorionic villi can be used for early prenatal diagnosis of α-mannosidosis.     

Prenatal diagnosis of Joubert syndrome: a case report

Joubert syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive condition, first described by Joubert in 1969. We present a case of Joubert syndrome from a consanguineous family in which, apart from the cerebellar vermis agenesis, ventriculomegaly, bilateral postaxial polydactyly of hands and right foot and micropenis, episodes of fetal breathing pattern with an increased respiratory rate were also demonstrated by prenatal ultrasound scan. At birth the infant showed an odd face and bilateral fleshy nodules of the tongue. He had an abnormal breathing pattern of alternating tachypnea and apnea. Cranial MRI showed molar tooth sign, hydrocephalus and Dandy–Walker malformation. He had nystagmus, and electroretinography showed retinal dystrophy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Diversity of eco-innovations: Reflections from selected case studies

An analytical framework is developed in this paper in order to explore the diversity of eco-innovations according to several key dimensions (design, user, product service and governance). The framework is used to analyse a set of case studies of eco-innnovation processes. The diversity of the analysed eco-innovations appears to be considerable; each of them involves different kinds of combinations of elements pertaining to those dimensions. Albeit the design dimension is decisive to determine the environmental impacts of the innovation, all dimensions can play a significant role in the management of eco-innovation. Our findings suggest that the capacity of eco-innovations to provide new business opportunities and contribute to the transformation towards a sustainable society depends on the interplay of those dimensions and the engagement of key stakeholders in the innovation process.     

气相色谱质谱联用技术在海面溢油事故鉴别中的应用——案例分析

通过对中国近海海域一个具体海面溢油事例的研究,提出了通过气相色谱及气质联用技术进行海面溢油鉴别的方法。采用GC-FID对油样中的正构烷烃的主要组分进行定性分析,利用GC-MS对油中难降解的生物标记化合物：霍烷及其他五环三萜类化合物、规则甾烷及重排甾烷类化合物、三芳甾类化合物、多环芳烃进行分析,计算相应的比值并采用“t-分布”方法进行溢油样品和可疑溢油源样的相关分析。结果如下：（1）从GC-FID色谱图可以看出,YY2679与KY0631、KY0632的色谱图极其相似,与其余四个可疑油源的色谱图差异较大。六个可疑油源的R值在0.04～1.95之间,只有KY0631和KY0632的R值小于0.1,KY0633～KY0636与YY2679的差异不是由风化引起的,可以排除,由此可以推断出YY2679溢油样品可能来源于KY0631或KY0632两个可疑溢油源。（2）采用21个生物标志物指标进行相关性判别,KY0631可疑溢油源在比值点的区间范围为95%和98%时,有多个点x或y误差棒均未跨过直线y=x。KY0632可疑溢油源在比值点的区间范围为95%时,各点的x或y误差棒均跨过直线y=x,由此推断YY2679溢油样品和可疑油源KY0632是同一油源。     

Astomia-agnathia-holoprosencephaly association. Prenatal diagnosis of a new case

A case of agnathia-astomia-holoprosencephaly with prenatal ultrasound diagnosis at 23 weeks is reported and discussed. This lethal neurocristopathy, well known in mammalians, is rarely observed in humans. Prenatal diagnosis features are intrauterine growth retardation, mandible absence or major hypoplasia, holoprosencephaly, cyclopia or hypotelorism, and in some instances frontal proboscis. This malformation is usually sporadic, but may be genetically determined as an autosomal recessive trait, since two cases in the same sibship have been reported.     

A case of paternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 11

We report a case of paternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 11 that presented as severe intrauterine growth retardation. Autopsy following intrauterine death also revealed aberrant intestinal rotation and hypospadias. Chromosome analysis of direct preparations from placental biopsy showed an abnormal 47,XY,+11 karyotype. Analysis of long-term cultures from the placenta revealed 46,XY/47,XY,+11 mosaicism. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies on interphase nuclei confirmed trisomy 11 in multiple placental sites but detected only disomic cells in fetal skin. Investigation using microsatellite polymorphisms demonstrated paternal isodisomy at loci D11S909, D11S956, and D11S488, and paternal heterodisomy at locus D11S928.     

Intrauterine intervention in a case of recurrent meconium peritonitis

We present a case of recurrent meconium peritonitis detected in the second trimester and treated by intrauterine intervention. Antenatal ultrasound findings included fetal ascites and intra-abdominal calcification. Aspiration of fetal ascites under ultrasound guidance and determination of the bilirubin concentration established the diagnosis of meconium peritonitis. Paracentesis was repeated to remove irritating intestinal contents and to decrease pressure on the fetal thorax. Although the exact cause of the meconium peritonitis remains unknown, the recurrence of the condition suggests a genetic basis. A possibility of cystic fibrosis was not considered because the clinical picture did not suggest it. Intrauterine intervention helped to establish the diagnosis of meconium peritonitis and may have contributed to the good outcome.     

中国城市碳排放核算研究——以无锡市为例

为分析城市温室气体减排潜力、比较不同城市的碳排放水平提供基本方法和数据,将城市温室气体排放源分成工业能源、交通能源、居民生活能源、商业能源、工业过程和废物等6个单元,建立了一套针对城市的温室气体排放核算方法体系,并以无锡市为例,对我国城市碳排放特征进行了探索.结果显示,无锡市工业能源单元碳排放量占全社会温室气体排放量的比例最大,为68%~71%;其次为工业过程单元和交通单元,分别为13%~19%和6%~10%.城市碳排放总量在2004~2008年间增长迅速,人均碳排放量和单位GDP碳排放量均高于世界水平.