Photocatalytic degradation of PCP-Na with TiO2 photocatalysis loaded with platinum

Titanium dioxide(TiO2) samples of different crystal forms were prepared by hydrolysis tetrbutyl titanate in various water to alkoxide ratios and sintering the hydrolysis product at different temperatures.The photocatalysts coated on hollow glass beads and loaded with platinum varying from 0.2% to 2.4% by weight.The photocatalytic degradation rate of sodium pentachlorophenolate (PCP-Na) depends on the preparing conditions such as:sintering temperatures,water to alkoxide ratios(R),platinum content and the size.The proper conditions of preparation photocatalysts are as follows:the ratio of tiO2:sodium silicate:hollow glass beads:platinum is 10:5:20:0.15(w/w),R is 100,sintering temperature is 650℃,and the size of hollow glass is 0.5-1mm.Under these conditions,the ratio between acatase and rutile of the photocatalyst is 2:1,and the photocatalytic activity is high.     

玻璃纤维编织管覆膜改性及其动态膜生物反应器研究

对玻璃纤维编织管进行了覆膜改性,并依托于玻璃纤维编织管开发了一种新型的栅式膜组件及其动态膜生物反应器.研究表明,覆膜改性前,玻纤编织管动态膜组件的稳定通量仅为4 L/(m2.h),跨膜压差为0.02 MPa;覆膜改性后,玻纤编织管动态膜组件的膜通量可达到16 L/(m2.h),跨膜压差为0.01 MPa;经过水力清洗和碱洗后再次运行,膜通量可达到17.1 L/(m2.h),而跨膜压差最低仅为0.003 MPa.覆膜膜液浓度为1∶4时反应器在膜通量为14.29 L/(m2.h)时稳定运行长达51 d.按阻力增长速率计算,膜通量可保持稳定运行275 d左右.同时出水效果良好,COD和NH4+-N的处理效果平均值分别为81.96%和83.66%,其中动态膜的去除率分别为21.01%和3.61%.此外,覆膜改性的玻纤编织管估算价格约为40~60元/m2,低于传统有机膜.     

Living with nuclear energy

Whether we like it or not we are part of the nuclear age, and we are compelled to live with nuclear energy; with the possible exception of hydroelectric power the nuclear option is, on the record to date, the cheapest, the safest and the least environmentally harmful of any existing source of electricity generation.     

NaOH溶液间歇式处理对互花米草厌氧发酵特性的影响

在中温(35±1)℃条件下,用不同质量分数的NaOH溶液处理一次发酵后的互花米草,并进行批式中温厌氧二次发酵实验.分析了发酵过程中日产气量、累积产气量、甲烷含量、pH值、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)的变化.结果表明,在总固体含量(TS)为6%的条件下,一次发酵产气率为317mL.g-1(以TS计),甲烷含量为71%,发酵过程中出现酸抑制现象.发酵后原料用4%、6%、8%的NaOH溶液处理后,在TS含量为6%的条件下进行二次发酵,仍均具有很好的产气特性,未出现酸化现象,产气率分别为262、276、282mL.g-1(以TS计),甲烷含量分别为72%、72%、69%.在一次发酵的基础上单位质量TS产气量分别增加了83%、87%、89%.这表明通过NaOH溶液的间歇式处理,能有效地提高互花米草厌氧消化的沼气产率.     

Complex cardiac defect with hypoplastic right ventricle in a fetus with valproate exposure

We describe a fetus with a hypoplastic right ventricle detected by prenatal ultrasound examination. A possible causal relationship with prenatal valproate exposure is discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

铁铜内电解-膨润土组合工艺处理含铬废水

研究利用铁铜内电解工艺和膨润土吸附的联合作用,对含铬废水进行处理。含铬模拟废水首先经过铁铜内电解法装置,该出水再经膨润土吸附,以达到去除效果。并考察此组合工艺的各种影响因素。结果表明:(1)铁铜内电解预处理确定最佳反应参数为:铁铜用量之比为8:1,反应时间为100 min,pH值为3.0;(2)膨润土最佳吸附条件为:膨润土用量为2 g/l,反应时间为20 min;(3)在最佳反应条件下,对初始浓度分别为30 mg/l和60 mg/l的实际制革废水中的铬进行了处理,都取得较好的去除效果,其Cr(VI)去除率分别为99.54%和99.32%。     

CO还原NO海泡石铜族金属催化剂的研究

以改性海泡石为载体,负载IB族金属(Cu,Ag,Au),制备CO还原NO的催化剂.用正交实验确定载体海泡石的改性条件.研究考察该催化剂在有氧条件下的催化还原性能,并用XRD、TGA、H2 TPR、BET等对该催化剂进行表征.研究发现,在有氧条件下,IB族金属(Cu,Ag,Au)催化剂中,Cu 海泡石对CO还原NO反应的催化活性最好;Cu负载量为5%、灼烧温度为400℃的催化剂表现出较高的活性;Cu 海泡石催化剂中加入Ce和Sm可以改善催化剂的性能.在实验条件基本相同的情况下,Cu 海泡石的催化活性好于Cu ZSM 5催化剂.     

Removal of NOx from flue gas with radical oxidation combined with chemical scrubber

In this paper, removal of NOx(namely DeNOx) from flue gas by radical injection combined with NaOH solution(26% by weight of NaOH in water) scrubbing was investigated. The experimental results showed that the steady streamer corona occurs through adjusting the flow rate of the oxygen fed into the nozzles electrode. The vapor in the oxygen has influence on the V-I characteristics of corona discharge. Both HNO2 and HNO3 come into being in the plasma reactor and the DeNOx efficiency in the plasma reactor is more than 60%. The overall DeNOx efficiency of the whole system reaches 81.7 % when the NaOH solution scrubbing is collaborated.     

Chorionic mosaicism: Association with fetal loss but not with adverse perinatal outcome

Cytogenetic data from the United States NICHD collaborative study of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) were used to evaluate the clinical significance of chorionic mosaicism. The 10 754 patients with normal cytogenetic results were compared wtih 108 patients (1.0 per cent) with placental mosaicism and 181 patients (1.6 per cent) with pseudomosaicism. Of the pregnancies intended to continue, the pregnancy loss rate was significantly greater in patients with placental mosaicism than in the cytogenetically normal cohort (8.6 vs. 3.4 per cent, p <0.05). However, there was no difference in the frequencies of abruptio placenta, preterm labour or delivery, small-for-gestational-age newborns, pregnancy-induced hypertension, or neonates with Apgar scores less than 7.     

Reproductive division of labour coevolves with gall size in Australian thrips with soldiers

An analysis of multiple species of Australian gall-inducing thrips with soldiers reveals a significant negative correlation between the size of gall produced and the reproductive division of labour. This correlation suggests that the evolution of smaller galls limited the available space and feeding sites for the offspring of female soldiers, and was a major factor that led to the evolution of an altruistic caste in the gall-inducers. We argue that high levels of inbreeding by singly mated foundresses and incestuous mating by her soldier offspring are key to this evolutionary relationship because they make the relatedness of a female soldier to her daughters and sisters approximately equal. Evidence that relatedness plays an important role is strengthened by the observation of outbred multiply mated foundresses and unbiased sex ratio of dispersers in Oncothrips waterhousei, and the inference that both gall volume and skew decreased along this lineage.     

混合污泥接种的厌氧氨氧化处理污泥脱水液的启动

采用UASB反应器,接种由好氧颗粒污泥、厌氧颗粒污泥、氧化沟活性污泥及短程硝化活性污泥组成的混合污泥,以污泥脱水液经短程硝化处理后水质为进水,在温度(30±0.2)℃, pH值7.3~7.9,初期进水氨氮、亚硝氮容积负荷分别为0.07, 0.10kg/(m3×d)条件下,经过24d运行,氨氮和亚硝氮得到稳定同步去除,186d时TN去除负荷达0.99 kg/(m3×d).启动初期,氨氮、亚硝氮进水浓度分别为20,30mg/L,二者浓度随去除量增加而逐级增加,最高分别达到157,216mg/L;启动过程中,系统受到O2抑制以及O2和亚硝氮基质的连续抑制,分别经过了约10d和30d才得以恢复. 厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)反应与反硝化反应可以共存于系统中,产气量与总氮去除呈正比关系,可及时地指示系统运行状态,对气体成分检测,氮气含量在99.8%.在稳定期ANAMMOX反应呈pH值升高而碱度略有降低.接种混合污泥、低基质负荷启动ANAMMOX,可30d内实现稳定的氨氮和亚硝氮同步去除,180d左右启动成功.     

Preface Coping with hydrological extremes

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change -     

带着垃圾去旅行

<正>"一个人的垃圾是另一个人的汽车燃料",听起来是个不错的广告语,事实上也是如此。如果你有时间去伦敦旅行的话,你便会成为这个广告的主人公了。近日,英国Geneco公司推出一种新型公交Bio-Bus,以人类粪便或废弃食品等产生的甲烷作为公交车燃料,让"垃圾带动汽车"成为现实。据Geneco公司负责人介绍,相比传统汽车,以甲烷气体为燃料的汽车将在提高英国城市空气质量方面发挥重要作用。     

寄语论坛,将来进行时

<正>生态文明贵阳会议自2009年创办以来,已连续举办了六届。在这六年里,论坛的名称由"生态文明贵阳会议"升级为"生态文明贵阳国际论坛";六年的发展里,论坛在组织形式、人员规模、与会嘉宾阵容、媒体报道等方面都在呈日益欣荣的状态。有一件事是明显的,生态文明贵阳国际论坛正在声誉鹊起,吸引了国内外对于生态文明建设的关注,积极传播着人与自然和谐与共的理念。回顾论坛成果的同时,关于论坛的     

Antenatal thrombocytopenia in three patients with TAR (thrombocytopenia with absent radii) syndrome

Three fetuses with TAR (thrombocytopenia with absent radii) or TAR variant syndrome were found to be thrombocytopenic during the third trimester of the pregnancy. These findings indicate that fetal blood sampling, besides ultrasonography, skeletal radiographs, or even fetoscopy, may indeed contribute to the prenatal diagnosis of TAR syndrome, and thus may help in differentiating TAR syndrome from other syndromes with malformations of the upper limbs.