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以N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)溶液为吸收液,采用膜吸收法进行了模拟天然气脱硫试验,考察了不同膜参数对MDEA溶液脱硫过程中传质性能的影响。结果表明:在较为理想的稳态膜吸收过程中,多孔膜孔径大小、膜厚度以及膜孔形态等因素对稳态膜吸收过程中的传质效果影响不大;在其他条件不变的情况下,多孔膜的传质性能随着孔隙率的增大而提高;同时传质效果还受到膜润湿现象的影响。这说明在较为理想的稳态膜吸收过程中孔隙率是对传质效果产生影响的主要因素,为膜吸收过程传质的影响因素探究及多孔膜选择提供了依据。 相似文献
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丙烯腈生产废水的组成对膜吸收去除氰化物的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以吉林某石化公司的实际丙烯腈生产废水为研究对象,考察了丙烯腈生产废水的组成对膜吸收去除氰化物的影响. 结果表明:丙烯腈生产废水中的氰化物基本为易释放的氰化物,共存的挥发性丙烯腈对膜吸收法去除氰化物的影响可以忽略不计;废水中的丙酮氰醇对膜吸收法去除氰化物的影响最大. 丙烯腈废水采用膜吸收除氨-除氰工艺,由于碱性环境以及适当的加热,促进了丙酮氰醇分解转化为HCN,氰化物的去除率可以从40%~70%提高到82%~90%,同时氨氮的去除率达到93.3%以上. 气态膜吸收法能够有效去除并回收丙烯腈废水中的氨氮和氰化物,有效降低后续处理负荷,并为后续生物处理提供可能的条件. 相似文献
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将平均孔径为100 nm的Al_2O_3陶瓷膜组装成膜接触器,以单乙醇胺(MEA)为吸收剂,在考察吸收剂浓度对膜吸收过程影响的基础上,深入比较了陶瓷膜在润湿和非润湿模式下脱除SO_2的传质性能.实验结果表明,当MEA浓度大于0.26 mol·L~(-1)时,润湿模式下SO_2的脱除率和传质系数均高于非润湿模式.根据膜理论和阻力串联模型建立了陶瓷膜吸收SO_2的传质方程,理论计算表明,润湿模式下膜相传质阻力因瞬间化学反应的存在大幅降低,润湿模式更适用于脱除烟气中低浓度的SO_2.本研究结果可为陶瓷膜接触器在膜吸收领域的工业化应用和进一步传质优化提供参考. 相似文献
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Because of the suspected health risks of trihalomethanes (THMs), more and more water treatment plants have replaced traditionalchlorine disinfection process with chloramines but often without the proper absorption system installed in the case of ammonia leaksin the storage room. A pilot plant membrane absorption system was developed and installed in a water treatment plant for this purpose.Experimentally determined contact angle, surface tension, and corrosion tests indicated that the sulfuric acid was the proper choice as the absorbent for leaking ammonia using polypropylene hollow fiber membrane contactor. Effects of several operating conditionson the mass transfer coefficient, ammonia absorption, and removal efficiency were examined, including the liquid concentration,liquid velocity, and feed gas concentration. Under the operation conditions investigated, the gas absorption efficiency over 99.9%was achieved. This indicated that the designed pilot plant membrane absorption system was effective to absorb the leaking ammonia in the model storage room. The removal rate of the ammonia in the model storage room was also experimentally and theoretically foundto be primarily determined by the ammonia suction flow rate from the ammonia storage room to the membrane contactor. The ammoniaremoval rate of 99.9% was expected to be achieved within 1.3 h at the ammonia gas flow rate of 500 m3/h. The success of the pilot plantmembrane absorption system developed in this study illustrated the potential of this technology for ammonia leaks in water treatmentplant, also paved the way towards a larger scale application. 相似文献
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乳状液膜吸收有机废气的实验研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
为提高水吸收乙酸丁酯的净化效率,以石油醚作膜相,聚异丁烯单丁二酰亚胺(T151)、聚异丁烯多丁二酰亚胺(T155)作乳化剂,制备水相/油相(W/O)型乳状液,作为分散相加入水中形成水相/油相/水相(W/O/W)型乳状液膜,进行了吸收含乙酸丁酯模拟废气的研究.主要考察了制乳速度、乳水比、表面活性剂用量、废气中乙酸丁酯初始浓度等参数对液膜吸收效率的影响.结果表明,乳状液膜体系对乙酸丁酯的吸收效率较高,在搅拌转速为400r/min,V(石油醚)∶V(水)为1∶1,w(T151)和w(T155)分别为6%和4%,V(乳化剂)∶V(水)为1∶4条件下制备的乳状液膜稳定性较好,且对乙酸丁酯废气吸收效率最高,可达80%以上. 相似文献
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Osmotic distillation (OD) was found to be a coupled process in membrane absorption (MA) for the treatment of high strength ammonia wastewater. As a result, ammonia could not be concentrated in absorption solution(AS) as expected. The inhibition of the coupled OD in MA process was investigated as well as various factors affecting the inhibition. The results indicated that the coupled OD can be effectively inhibited by heating concentrated solution and cooling dilute solution. It was also found that experimental minimum inhibition temperature difference(MITD) between concentrated and dilute solutions was different when using polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) and polypropylene(PP) membranes respectively, which could be ascribed to material properties, such as OD and membrane distillation (MD) coefficients of the membranes. Experimental MITDs were found to be higher than theoretical MITDs which were calculated using a simplified method. 相似文献
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中空纤维膜接触器分离烟气中CO2 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
在中空纤维膜接触器试验台上利用模拟烟气进行CO2的分离试验,采用MDEA与MEA和MDEA与氨基酸盐2种混合吸收液,考察吸收液种类、浓度、CO2负荷和烟气CO2含量对脱除效率和传质速率的影响.结果表明,在MDEA水溶液中加入MEA或氨基酸盐作为添加剂,大大提高了脱除效率,改善了传质速率,相对于单一的MDEA吸收液,混合吸收液的脱除效率平均提高了200%,传质速率提高了238%,其中以MEA作为添加剂的混合吸收液的传质速率在2种混合吸收液中最好,传质速率最高可以达到1.7 mol·m-2·h-1. 相似文献
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PES/PAN膜在MBR中膜污染机理及抗污染性能 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用液-固相转化法,以聚醚砜(PES)、氯化锂(LiCl)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为原料制备PES膜,并在体系中添加聚丙烯腈(PAN)制备PES/PAN膜。在操作温度25℃,操作压力90KPa条件下制得的PES/PAN膜、自制PES膜和商品PES超滤膜分别为222L/(m·2h)左右,130L/(m·2h)左右,82L/(m·2h)左右。通过膜生物反应器中膜阻力的测定,表明膜污染主要由沉积层引起的,另一方面长期运行膜孔堵塞也是阻力增大的原因。在MBR中运行时,PES/PAN膜、自制PES膜和商品PES超滤膜膜通量的衰减速率分别为0.2559L/(m·2h·min)、0.3366L/(m·2h·min)、0.3539L/(m·2h·min),PES/PAN膜通量衰减最慢;在MBR中运行15d后,经过化学清洗,PES/PAN膜、自制PES膜和商品PES超滤膜纯水通量恢复率分别为83.75%、63.58%、61.32%,PES/PAN膜通量恢复率最大,抗污染性优于PES膜。 相似文献
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将膜特性与膜-生物反应器(MBR)运行状况相结合,进行3种膜的优选. 对3种膜进行膜表面形态、孔径、孔隙率及水通量、临界通量的测定,同时将其置于MBR中进行短期高通量连续恒流运行及长期低通量间歇恒流运行,考察2种运行模式下的跨膜压差(TMP)平均增长率(Δp). 结果表明:具有平整表面、最小孔径、高孔隙率、高水通量以及高临界通量的A膜在MBR长期运行中表现出最低的膜污染速率,因此确定A膜为3种膜中的最优膜;在优选具有工程适应性的膜时,应采用长期间歇恒流运行的方法. 相似文献
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膜接触器分离混合气中二氧化碳的研究 总被引:18,自引:3,他引:15
研究了聚丙烯纤维微孔膜(HFPPM)膜接触器分离CO2/N2混合气中CO2技术,考察了吸收剂的种类、HFPPM的透气率和流程等因素对CO2分离效率的影响.结果表明,液相中传质在分离过程中占主导作用;3种吸收剂的性能依次为单乙醇胺(MEA)>NaOH>二乙醇胺(DEA)以浓度2.5 mol·L-1、流速40~160 L·h-1的MEA水溶液处理浓度20%、流速0.5~1.0 m3·h-1的CO2/N2混合气时,CO2的脱除率为95%~99.5%,CO2的传质系数为4.5~6.8×10-4m·s-1;透气率大的膜组件传质系数大,腔流程中CO2的脱除率比壳流程高30%以上. 相似文献