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为探索好氧颗粒污泥形成机理,开展了不同培养方式下絮状污泥颗粒化特性研究.选取3种培养方式:人工配水培养、海藻酸钠强化培养和农村模拟污水培养,利用灰色关联分析法,对比3种不同培养方式下,污泥颗粒化过程中各影响因素灰色关联度系数,筛选好氧颗粒污泥培养的关键因素.研究发现,人工配水培养方式下经过40 d成功出现好氧颗粒污泥,投加海藻酸钠强化培养方式下经过20 d出现好氧颗粒污泥,农村模拟污水经过55 d培养出好氧颗粒污泥.3种培养方式下出现的好氧颗粒污泥均具有密实的结构和较好的沉降性能,同时可实现对污染物的高效去除.利用数据处理系统(Data Processing System,DPS)对各影响因素的灰色关联度进行分析,发现不同培养方式下污泥颗粒化过程中起主导作用的影响因素并非唯一,水力停留时间和胞外聚合物在各培养方式中均具有较高的关联度系数,对好氧颗粒污泥的形成具有关键作用. 相似文献
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污泥颗粒化(granulation)是指废水生物处理系统中的微生物在适当的环境条件下,相互聚集形成一种密度较大、体积较大、体质条件较好的微生物聚集体.按照微生物代谢过程中电子受体的不同,颗粒污泥可分为好氧颗粒污泥和厌氧颗粒污泥两类.目前对污泥颗粒化的研究主要集中在两个方面:一方面是从宏观层面探讨颗粒化的形成模式,优化运行参数以达到更好的颗粒化效果;另一方面是从微观层面去研究颗粒化的机理、微生物菌群及其他化学成分在颗粒化过程中所起的作用.本文综述了好氧颗粒污泥近年来的研究进展.主要包括:好氧颗粒污泥的性质(形态及粒径、沉降性能、密度与强度、生物活性、细胞表面疏水性、胞外多聚物等)及结构,颗粒污泥的培养条件、形成机理及影响因素(有机负荷、基质成分、剪切力、沉淀时间、运行周期、进水模式、微生物饥饿期、反应器结构、溶解氧、温度等),以及颗粒污泥的应用(工业废水处理、城市污水处理、有毒污染物降解、脱氮除磷、重金属及放射性核素的去除等).此外,还介绍了全自养颗粒污泥,如硝化颗粒污泥方面的研究.分析表明,随着对好氧颗粒污泥研究的不断深入,将好氧颗粒污泥应用于实际废水处理得到越来越多的关注.好氧颗粒污泥的形成机理、颗粒污泥的微生物特性、颗粒污泥的长期运行稳定性及其工业化应用是今后需要重点关注的研究方向. 相似文献
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Cultivation of aerobic granules for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in two sequencing batch airlift bioreactors was studied. Conventional activated floc and anaerobic granules served as main two inoculated sludge in the systems. Morphological variations of sludge in the reactors were observed. It was found that the cultivation of aerobic granules was closely associated with the kind of inoculated sludge. Round and regular aerobic granules were prevailed in both reactors, and the physical charactedstics of the aerobic granules in terms of settling ability, specitic gravity, and ratio Of water containing were distinct wnen the inoculate sludge differe. Aerobic granules formed by seeding activated floc are more excellent in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification than that by aerobic granules formed from anaerobic granules. It was concluded that inoculated sludge plays a crucial role in the cultivation of aerobic granules for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. 相似文献
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In order to evaluate the influence of microbial community structure of seed sludge on the properties of aerobic nitrifying granules, these granules were cultivated with different seed sludge, and the variation of microbial community and dominant bacterial groups that impact the nitrogen removal efficiency of the aerobic nitrifying granules were analyzed and identified using 16s rDNA sequence and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles. The results presented here demonstrated that the influence of the community structure of seed sludge on the properties of aerobic nitrifying granules was remarkable, and the granules cultivated by activated sludge from a beer wastewater treatment plant showed better performance, with a stable sludge volume index (SVI) value of 20 mL/g, high extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content of 183.3 mg/L, high NH4+-N removal rate of 89.42% and abundant microbial population with 10 dominant bacterial groups. This indicated that activated sludge with abundant communities is suitable for use as seed sludge in culturing aerobic nitrifying granules. 相似文献
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好氧颗粒污泥稳定性影响因素分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在内循环气升式间歇反应器对好氧颗粒污泥颗粒化过程进行了研究,从污泥负荷率和碳源特性分析了好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性。以蔗糖为碳源时,反应器在较低的曝气量下生长有大量的丝状真菌,而在较高的曝气量下有利于污泥形成表面光滑的颗粒,但当污泥负荷过低时,光滑的颗粒污泥表面开始迅速生长丝状真菌而导致颗粒污泥不稳定。试验表明以蔗糖为碳源物质形成好氧颗粒污泥速率快,但其操作条件难控制,容易引起丝状真菌的大量生长;以乙酸钠为碳源物质,形成颗粒污泥速度慢,污泥颗粒化程度不高;而以蔗糖与乙酸钠为混合型碳源进行好氧颗粒污泥的培养证明了形成的好氧颗粒污泥表面光滑,没有丝状菌的存在,并且颗粒污泥易于稳定运行。 相似文献
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预加好氧颗粒对SBR中好氧颗粒污泥形成的影响 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
以活性污泥曝气池中的絮状活性污泥为接种污泥,采用人工配制的模拟生活污水,通过观测颗粒形态和粒径的变化,研究预先加入15%成熟好氧颗粒污泥对好氧颗粒污泥形成过程的影响.对比研究发现,2个反应器内小颗粒(0 .1~0 .3 cm)的形成均较快,但大颗粒的形成速度相差明显.培养过程中还能明显观察到丝状菌缠绕和絮状污泥黏附在小颗粒表面.反应器启动第1、7、14 d,污泥平均体积粒径分别从0 .10、0 .16 cm上升到0 .23、0 .30 cm,最终达到0 .28、0 .43 cm.研究结果表明,预先加入15%成熟好氧颗粒污泥,能加速好氧颗粒污泥在反应器内形成. 相似文献
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在SBR反应器中以好氧颗粒和絮状活性污泥的混合污泥为接种污泥,分两阶段进行好氧颗粒污泥的培养.第一阶段在3个SBR反应器中分别接种10%、15%和20%的颗粒;第二阶段在3个反应器中分别接种未经筛分、粒径≤1 mm和粒径>1mm的颗粒,接种比例均为20%.在培养过程中对各反应器中污泥形态、粒径变化、完全颗粒化时间以及有机物的降解能力进行了比较研究并对快速培养的作用机制进行了探讨.结果表明,第一阶段培养,接种比例为20%的反应器完全颗粒化时间较短,仅为24 d;第二阶段培养,接种未经筛分颗粒的反应器完全颗粒化时间较短,仅为30 d.两次培养的好氧颗粒均具有良好的沉降性能和去污效果,SVI稳定在40 mL.g-1以下,COD去除率保持在90%以上.预加好氧颗粒后好氧颗粒的形成过程分为两个阶段:好氧颗粒加速解体阶段和好氧颗粒解体与快速形成阶段. 相似文献
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Effect of seed sludge on characteristics and microbial community of
aerobic granular sludge 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Aerobic granular sludge was cultivated by using different kinds of seed sludge in sequencing batch airlift reactor.The influence of seed sludge on physical and chemical properties of granular sludge was studied;the microbial community structure was probed by using scanning electron microscope and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE).The results showed that seed sludge played an important role on the formation of aerobic granules.Seed sludge taken from beer wastewater treatment plant(inoculum A) was more suitable for cultivating aerobic granules than that of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant(inoculum B).Cultivated with inoculum A, large amount of mature granules formed after 35 days operation, its SVI reached 32.75 mL/g, and SOUR of granular sludge was beyond 1.10 mg/(g·min).By contrast, it needed 56 days obtaining mature granules using inoculum B.DGGE profiles indicated that the dominant microbial species in mature granules were 18 and 11 OTU when inoculum A and B were respectively employed as seed sludge.The sequencing results suggested that dominant species in mature granules cultivated by inoculum A were Paracoccus sp., Devosia hwasunensi, Pseudoxanthomonas sp., while the dominant species were Lactococcus raffinolactis and Pseudomonas sp.in granules developed from inoculum B. 相似文献
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将人工培养的好氧颗粒污泥进行饥饿试验,研究EPS的可生化性.结果表明,好氧颗粒污泥EPS是由40%可生物降解EPS和60%不可生物降解EPS组成的,其中可生物降解EPS可作为颗粒污泥自身的能源,而不可生物降解EPS则不行,但其对颗粒污泥的立体结构有巨大作用.将从新鲜好氧颗粒污泥中提取的EPS投加到好氧颗粒污泥和活性污泥中,提取的EPS均可被两者作为碳源利用,且活性污泥对EPS的利用速率是好氧颗粒污泥的1.5倍;而从饥饿好氧颗粒中提取的EPS作为两者碳源时,均没有明显的利用效果,说明不可生物降解的EPS不能作为两者的能源. 相似文献
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好氧颗粒污泥处理高含盐废水研究 总被引:12,自引:5,他引:12
试验采用序批式摇床反应器(SSBR)在高含盐废水中利用不同类型接种污泥培养出了好氧颗粒.结果表明,好氧颗粒污泥能够有效处理高含盐废水并且具有很好的抗盐度冲击能力.当废水盐度小于10 g/L NaCl并且进水基质为葡萄糖时,利用好氧颗粒污泥处理该废水可以取得70.3%~97.6%的TOC去除率.当进水盐度达到35 g/L NaCl并且进水基质为难降解Vc废水时,利用好氧颗粒污泥处理该含盐废水能够取得与相同基质相同运行条件下淡水废水中相似的70%的TOC去除率.试验在含盐废水中得到了粒径为0.5~3 mm的好氧颗粒污泥,其沉降速度大大高于淡水对照组中得到的好氧颗粒污泥沉降速度.相对淡水对照组中好氧颗粒污泥,含盐废水中好氧颗粒具有污泥产率更低、污泥活性(OUR)更高、颗粒稳定性更好的优势.从不同接种污泥类型来看,好氧絮状污泥和厌氧颗粒污泥接种都能快速实现污泥好氧颗粒化,但絮状污泥接种实现好氧颗粒化所需的时间更短.另外,在相同运行条件下,接种好氧絮状污泥反应器取得的TOC去除效果优于接种厌氧颗粒污泥反应器,但厌氧颗粒污泥接种具有更强的抗盐度冲击能力. 相似文献