端烯丙基苯并15-冠-5接枝壳聚糖对金属离子的吸附性能

将３’－端烯丙基苯并１５－冠－５和４’－端烯丙基苯并１５－冠－５接枝到壳糖或交联壳聚糖上,合成了４种新新型的壳聚糖冠醚,并研究了这４种壳聚糖冠醚对Ｐｄ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｈｇ＾２＋的静态吸附性能。结果表明,这４种吸附剂对Ｐｄ＾２＋具有良好的吸附性能,并能在Ｃｕ＾２＋和Ｈｇ＾２＋共存的条件下选择吸附Ｐｄ＾２＋。     

2,4—二氯苯基荧光酮与铬显色反应的研究与其应用

研究了铬（Ⅳ）－２，４－二氯苯基荧光酮（ＤＣＩＰＥ）－溴化十六烷基三甲胺（ＣＴＭＡＢ）体系的显色条件，试验结果表明，在ｐＨ５．２～７．０范围内，铬与ＤＣＩＰＦ及ＣＴＭＡＢ形成红色三元胶束配合物，其最大吸收波长为５７８ｎｍ，表现摩尔吸光系数为１．４０×１０＾５Ｉ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１，铬（Ⅵ）含量在０～９．０μｇ／２５ｍｌ范围内符合比耳定律，配合物的组成为Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）：ＤＣＩＰＦ＝１：２，拟定方法     

接枝羧基壳聚糖的合成及其对重金属离子的吸附性能

以壳聚糖为基体,经环氧氯丙烷交联,制备了水不溶性交联壳聚糖,然后以Ｆｅ＾２＋－Ｈ２Ｏ２为引发剂,将丙烯腈单体接枝到ＣＣＴＳ分子骨架上,经皂化制得了水溶性接枝羧基壳聚糖聚合物。     

用电子自旋探针研究水泥固化土壤中镉离子的反应

应用电子自旋探针（Ｅｌｅｃｔｏｒｏｎ ｓｐｉｎ ｐｒｏｂｅ，简ＥＳＰ）Ｍｎ＾２＋离子的超精细结构（ｈｙｐｅｒｆｉｎｅ ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ，简称ｈｆｓ），揭示了水泥固化土壤中Ｃｄ＾２＋离子的化学反应，研究发现：由于水泥水化产生高的ＰＨ值，Ｃｄ＾２＋离子与ＯＨ＾－离子反应生成Ｃｄ（ＯＨ）２沉‘当有ＣＯ２气体存在时，Ｃｄ＾２＋离子会与ＣＯ２和水泥水化的ＯＨ＾－离子反应生成ＣｄＣＯ３、Ｃｄ（ＯＨ）２，这些     

水中微量铝的间接原子吸收法测定

在ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲溶液（ｐＨ４．５）体系中，利用（１－（２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ），Ａｌ＾３＾＋与Ｃｕ＾２＾＋－ＥＤＴＡ发生定量交换反应，用氯仿萃取出Ｃｕ＾２＾＋－ＰＡＮ，用原子吸收法测定水中的Ｃｕ＾２＾＋，以间接测定ＡＬ＾３＾＋。方法的最佳线性范围为０．１－１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，最低检出浓度为０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ；测定河水，饮用水，地下水中的Ａｌ＾３＾＋，其回收率在８５．０％－１０９％之间，变异系数为１．５％－     

选择性螯合滴定法测定钙镁

用知量Ｔａｒｔｒａｔｅ、ＴＥＡ和ＤＬ－Ｃｙｓｔｅｉｎｅ掩蔽Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ａｌ＾３＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｚｒ＾４＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｐｂ＾２＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋等离子，在ＰＨ为１０左右用ＥＤＴＡ滴定钙镁含量。然后另入Ｏｘｉｎｅ分解Ｍｇ－ＥＤＴＡ螯合物，用Ｃａ＾２＋标准溶液滴定释放出的ＥＤＴＡ。用ＭＴＢ－ＸＯ－ＣＰＢ为混合指示剂，终点颜色变化敏税，一般常见金属离了均不干扰。可用于测定水和工业废水钙，镁含量。     

用人工湿地处理乳制品厂废水的研究

在进水ＣＯＤ浓度４００ｍｇ／Ｌ－８００ｍｇ／Ｌ,温度１５℃－２３℃时,人工湿地装置处理乳制品加工废水的ＣＯＤ去除率达９７％－９８％,面积负荷率达２３．３ｇ／（ｍ＾２．ｄ）－２８．２ｇ（ｍ＾２．ｄ）,ＢＯＤ５的去除率达９７％－９９％,ＢＯＤ５的面积负荷率为１２．６ｇ（ｍ＾２．ｄ）－１７．２ｇ（ｍ＾２．ｄ）,几乎７０％－９０％ＣＯＤ和ＢＯＤ５去除率发生在进水沟段。     

重金属对方形网纹蚤的毒性研究

在静置换水条件下，研究了重金属对方形网纹溲的急性毒性和生活周期毒性。Ｈｇ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾６＋和Ｚｎ＾２＋在２５±１℃下对方形网纹溲的４８ｈＥＣ５０分别为０．０１００、０．０２５４、０．１４４５和０．２８２８ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｈｇ＾２＋对方形网纹溲的７ｄ生活周期毒性试验，以存活、生长和生殖为毒性指标，未觉察反应浓度（ＮＯＥＣ）为５．９１μｇＮＬ，最低觉察反应浓度（ＬＯＥＣ）为１１．８３μｇ／Ｌ，其     

4—AAP两波段光度法同时测定水中酚类和芳胺

在ｐＨ为５．５的ＨＣｌ－（ＣＨ２）６Ｎ４介质中，铁氰化钾和过二硫酸铵存在下，用４－氨基安替吡啉（４－ＡＡＰ）两波段光度法可同时测定污水中０．１－３０ｍｇ／Ｌ的酚类和０．００８－３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ的芳胺，水术中需要预蒸馏和萃取操作，石油类及０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ以下的硫化物不干扰测定，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｆｅ＾３＋的干扰可用ＥＤＴＡ掩蔽消除，酚类和芳胺的水样加标回收率酚类为９８％－１０５％，芳胺为９５％－１０５％，研究     

锌湿法冶炼废水中锌,镁的连续测定

本文介绍冶炼废水中锌和镁进行了测定方法的实验研究。实验证明：在ｐＨ５．５和ｐＨ１０的两种缓冲介质中，以２．０ｇ／ＬＸＯ指示剂０．１５ｍｇ／Ｌ和５ｇ／ＬＥＢＴ指示剂１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ为指示剂，在掩蔽Ｆｅ＾３＋和Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｃａ＾２＋后，进行ＥＤＴＡ络合滴定，结果准确、可靠，且方法具有简单迅速的优点。     

天然高分子吸附剂研究——羧甲基交联壳聚糖树脂的合成及吸附特性

以壳聚糖为原料，经乙二醇双缩水甘油醚交联后，与氯乙酸反应，合成了羧甲基交联壳聚糖树脂，并研究了其对Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｃｏ＾２＋的静态吸附性能，结果表明，该树脂对上述３种金属离子均具有良好的吸附性能，其吸附容量分别达２．２５，１．９８和１．８１ｍｍｏｌ·ｇ＾－１。     

Chitosan and chemically modified chitosan beads for acid dyes sorption

The capabilities of chitosan and chitosan-EGDE (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) beads for removing Acid Red 37 (AR 37) and Acid Blue 25 (AB 25) from aqueous solution were examined. Chitosan beads were cross-linked with EGDE to enhance its chemical resistance and mechanical strength. Experiments were performed as a function of pH, agitation period and concentration of AR 37 and AB 25. It was shown that the adsorption capacities of chitosan were comparatively higher than chitosan-EGDE for both acid dyes. This is mainly because cross-linking using EGDE reduces the major adsorption sites -NH3+ on chitosan. Langmuir isotherm model showed best conformity compared to Freundlich and BET. The kinetic experimental data agreed very well to the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The desorption study revealed that after three cycles of adsorption and desorption by NaOH and HCl, both adsorbents retained their promising adsorption abilities. FT-IR analysis proved that the adsorption of acid dyes onto chitosan-based adsorbents was a physical adsorption. Results also showed that chitosan and chitosan-EGDE beads were favourable adsorbers and could be employed as low-cost alternatives for the removal of acid dyes in wastewater treatment.     

网状聚合物冠醚对重金属离子的吸附性能

以Hg（NO3）2、Cu（NO3）2水溶液为模拟工业废水，以侧链具N、S配位基的网状聚合物冠醚为吸附剂，研究了聚合物冠醚对HP(2＋)、Cu(2＋)的吸附性能。讨论了溶液温度、pH值、金属离子浓度及时间对吸附性能的影响，该聚合物冠醚对Hg(2＋)具有较高的吸附容量和较快的吸附速度。     

市政污泥生物碳对重金属的吸附特性

采用市政污泥在300℃缺氧条件下制得污泥生物碳,研究了污泥生物碳添加量、溶液pH及吸附反应时间对溶液中Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+吸附效果的影响,并分析了各因素影响机制及污泥生物碳对重金属的吸附机理. 结果表明,污泥生物碳对溶液中重金属的去除率与重金属水合离子半径呈负相关,随着污泥生物碳添加量的增加,溶液中重金属的去除率不断增加,但单位吸附量总体上呈下降趋势. 重金属吸附量随溶液pH的增加而增大,当溶液初始pH为6.00时,污泥生物碳对溶液中Pb2+、Cu2+和Zn2+的吸附量最大,分别达42.941、25.769和12.484mg/g. 伪二级动力学方程可有效描述溶液中重金属离子在生物碳上的吸附过程,重金属在污泥生物碳表面的吸附主要受化学反应控制,Pb2+、Cu2+和Zn2+的平衡吸附量分别为39.747、6.849和10.004mg/g,达到吸附平衡的时间为Pb2+＞Zn2+＞Cu2+.      

高分子壳聚糖对微量金属离子的螯合作用研究

研究了壳聚糖对溶液中Mn2 + 、Fe2 + 、Cu2 + 、Zn2 + 4种常见微量金属离子的吸附作用 ,通过吸附率、溶液pH等参数 ,表征了壳聚糖的吸附能力及其对离子的选择性吸附 ,其选择性次序为 :Cu+ 2 >Zn2 + >Fe+ 2 >Mn+ 2 ,为壳聚糖处理污水中的微量金属离子作了探索。     

香草醛改性壳聚糖的制备及其吸附性能

香草醛经Schiff反应对壳聚糖进行了修饰、研究了产物对Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Cd²⁺、Zn²⁺的吸附性能,同时考察了pH值、时间、温度等因素对吸附的影响结果表明,改性后的壳聚糖具有不流失,易再生的特点,且对金属离子的饱和吸附量比壳聚糖的大（改性后的壳聚糖对Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Cd²⁺、Zn²⁺吸附量分别为 143.5、 558.9、 357.7、178.4mg/g）．     

Pb(Ⅱ) biosorption using chitosan and chitosan derivatives beads: Equilibrium,ion exchange and mechanism studies

The study examined the adsorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution onto chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads. Several important parameters influencing the adsorption of Pb(II) ions such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage and different initial concentration of Pb(II) ions were evaluated. The mechanism involved during the adsorption process was explored based on ion exchange study and using spectroscopic techniques. The adsorption capacities obtained based on non-linear Langmuir isotherm for ch...     

Evaluation of adsorption capacities of humic acids extracted from Algerian soil on polyaniline for application to remove pollutants such as Cd(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) and characterization with cavity microelectrode

The adsorption capacities of new humic acids isolated from Yakouren forest (YHA) and Sahara (Tamenrasset: THA) soils (Algeria) and commercial humic acid (PFHA) on polyaniline emeraldine base (PEB) were studied at pH 6.6. Also the adsorption of heavy metals such as Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ on humic acid-polyaniline systems (HA-PEB) was investigated at the same conditions. HA-PEB compounds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrometry and cavity microelectrode. In addition, batch adsorption and cavity microelectrode were used in the adsorption study of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ on HA-PEB. To develop biocaptors of polluting metals using a cavity microelectrode modified by HA-PEB systems, the adsorption kinetic and adsorption capacity were investigated. The SEM analysis showed that the presence of humic acid affected the PEB surface and caused the formation of a granular morphology. The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of PFHA, THA and YHA determined by adsorption isotherms were 91.31, 132.1 and 151.0 mg/g, respectively. Batch adsorption results showed that qmax of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ on HA-PEB followed the order: THA-PEB > YHA-PEB > PFHA-PEB. The voltammograms obtained with HA-PEB modified cavity microelectrode showed the appearance of new redox couples reflecting the adsorption of HA on PEB. Metal-humic acid-polyaniline voltammograms were characterized by appearance of oxidation-reduction couples or reduction wave corresponding to metal. Finally, the result may be exploited to develop a biocaptor based on the cavity microelectrode amended by THA-PEB and YHA-PEB.     

毛木耳对Cd~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Zn~(2+)生物吸附的动力学和吸附平衡研究

以毛木耳(Auriculariapol ytricha)子实体为生物吸附材料,研究起始pH值、反应时间、重金属浓度这3个因素对毛木耳子实体吸附Cd2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的影响及其吸附特性.结果表明,pH是影响毛木耳子实体吸附重金属离子的主要因素,最适起始pH值为5;在10mg·L-1重金属浓度下,毛木耳子实体对Cd2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的最大吸附率分别为94.12%、96.22%、99.94%、99.19%;准二阶动力学模型比准一阶动力学模型能更好地描述毛木耳子实体对4种重金属的吸附过程;Langmuir等温模型能较好地拟合毛木耳子实体对4种重金属的等温吸附过程;毛木耳子实体对Cd2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的最大吸附量分别为10.09、8.36、23.57和3.64mg.g-1;毛木耳子实体吸附Cd2+、Cu2+、Zn2+的化学反应机理可能为离子交换反应.