固定化菌种降解2,6-二叔丁基酚的研究

用前期研究中获得的2,6二叔丁基酚(简2,6DTBP)降解菌(Aeromonassp.),进行了对2,6二叔丁基酚的降解性能等研究。结果表明菌株经固定化包埋后,降解底物2,6DTBP的能力大大提高。在100.0mg/L的初始浓度下其降解率在12d可达到81%。通过对固定化菌株的降解反应过程的动力学分析,其对底物的降解反应符合一级动力学特征,当2,6DTBP初始浓度为100mg/L时,固定化菌种其动力学常数为0.1232,半衰期为5.63day。扫描电镜观察到菌种在海藻酸钙包埋载体中能良好地生长和繁殖。     

固定化菌种处理腈纶废水中2,6-二叔丁基酚研究

研究用海藻酸钙包埋固定降解菌种(Alcaligenessp.),用于降解腈纶废水中的2,6-二叔丁基酚。与菌悬液相比菌种固定化包埋后,降解底物2,6-DTBP的能力大大提高。并且在活性污泥处理系统中加入固定化的包埋颗粒,其对底物的生物降解率可从35%提高到60%。扫描电镜观察到菌种在海藻酸钙包埋载体中能良好地生长。     

固定化优势菌PM1降解甲基叔丁基醚

采用海藻酸钙固定化优势菌Methylibium petroleipmhilu PM1降解甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE).结果表明,固定化细胞对于pH值、温度、底物浓度的适应范围变宽,在pH5～10、温度25～40℃、底物浓度10～500mg/L时,固定化细胞具有较高的MTBE生物降解活性;30℃储存降解活性半衰期为96h;重复使用30批活性没有明显降低;扫描电镜观察表明,细胞在海藻酸钙包埋载体中能良好地生长和繁殖.固定化细胞降解MTBE反应符合零级动力学特征.     

固定化外源降解菌强化生物降解作用研究

用一株外源降解菌进行固定化降解蒽的研究。结果表明其降解蒽的最适温度和pH值为30℃和7。经海藻酸钙固定化包埋后,其降解蒽的能力明显提高,在100mg/L的初始浓度下其降解率在12d达到86%。在固定化颗粒中加入少量硅藻土细粉可以提高菌株对蒽的降解能力。     

芽孢杆菌H-1菌株的固定化及降解动力学研究

采用海藻酸钠-海藻酸钙法对芽孢杆菌H-1菌株进行包埋实验,测试各固定化因素对凝胶微球物理性能的影响,得到各因素合适的取值范围。以石油降解率为试验指标对固定化因素进行4因素3水平正交试验,结果显示菌株的最佳固定化条件为海藻酸钠浓度7%、菌悬液添加量75%、CaCl2浓度2%、交联时间24 h。对比固定化菌株与游离菌株的降解效果,结果显示固定化菌株的降解效率大于游离菌株。对固定化菌株的降解动力学进行研究,结果表明当石油浓度较低时,固定化菌株的降解动力学方程符合Monod方程的线性简化形式,方程的半饱和常数K S=52.33 mg/L,最大反应速率v max=44.05 d-1。当原油浓度较高时,其降解速率大于方程的v max。     

生物强化技术处理2,6-二叔丁基酚的研究

利用从腈纶废水处理厂中分离出来的一株2,6二叔丁基酚高效降解菌F34菌株,进行生物强化处理技术研究。通过对照环境中的2,6二叔丁基酚降解效果的比较分析,发现包埋后的F34菌株降解底物的能力相比游离的略有提高;F34菌株在活性污泥存在时受到其抑制作用,通过包埋,菌株所受的抑制作用减弱;在含活性污泥的B.H.和实际废水的环境中,投加F34菌株包埋颗粒显著改善了原系统对底物的处理能力,其对底物的去除率分别提高了164%和71.4%。     

黄孢原毛平革菌细胞固定化技术的比较研究

黄孢原毛平革菌细胞的载体结合和包埋固定化研究表明:各种多孔材料可以有效地固定菌体,并克服由于动培养产生的机械剪切力对降解酶系统的破坏;海藻酸钙固定化小球,在合适的包埋条件下,可达到相对的最佳降解效果。      

2,6-二叔丁基酚降解菌的降解特性研究

从腈纶废水处理构筑物的生物膜中分离、筛选得到1株能降解2,6-二叔丁基酚的菌株,经驯化,其对2,6-二叔丁基酚的降解率提高了26%,具有了较高降解能力.经形态和生理生化鉴定,该菌株属于产碱菌属(Alcaligenes sp.).通过摇瓶试验考察了生长条件对菌株的生长和底物降解的影响,得出该菌株的最适生长条件为温度37℃,初始pH为7.0,接种量为0.1%.在该条件下,对初始底物浓度为100mg/L的降解过程进行了考察,结果表明其11d的降解率达62.4%,而且降解过程符合Eckenfelder动力学模型,半衰期为9.38d.还对不同初始底物浓度对菌株降解性能的影响进行了研究,结果表明最佳初始底物浓度为200mg/L,当小于该值时,初始底物浓度的增加促进该菌株的生长和底物的降解,而当大于这个值时,则起抑制作用.     

固定化菌降解溴氨酸的特性及其动力学研究

鞘氨醇单胞菌QYY菌能以溴氨酸为唯一碳源、氮源和能源生长。考察了用海藻酸钙包埋该菌细胞对溴氨酸废水进行处理的降解和动力学过程。确定了固定化鞘氨醇单胞菌QY(Y以下简称固定化菌)处理溴氨酸废水的最适条件为:接种量10mL固定化菌,摇床转速100r/min,pH7,温度30℃。最佳降解条件下,固定化菌降解溴氨酸的过程符合Haldane模型。     

微生物固定化技术及其对土霉素生产废水处理的研究

本文提出活性炭核一海藻酸钙包埋微生物固定化技术，并将以假丝酵母为主的混合菌群固定化，然后分别在低氧与好氧状态对土霉素生产废水的处理进行了试验研究。结果表明，经固定的微生物，其使用温度、pH值适应范围扩大，对有机物的降解能力亦优于未固定微生物。室温下，当进水CODcr(化学需氧量)为2400～5500mg／1时，在低氧与好氧状态停留24h，其去除率分别达88．2％和97．3％。     

Degradation of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol by an isolated high-efficiency bacterium strain

An aerobic bacterium strain, F-3-4, capable of effectively degrading 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol(2,6-DTBP), was isolated and screened out from an acrylic fiber wastewater and the biofilm in the wastewater treatment facilities. This strain was identified as Alcaligenes sp. through morphological, physiological and biochemical examinations. After cultivation, the strain was enhanced by 26.3% in its degradation capacity for 2,6-DTBP. Results indicated that the strain was able to utilize 2,6-DTBP, lysine, lactamine, citrate, n-utenedioic acid and malic acid as the sole carbon and energy source, alkalinize acetamide, asparagine, L-histidine, acetate, citrate and propionate,but failed to utilize glucose, D-fructose, D-seminose, D-xylose, sedne and phenylalanine as the sole carbon and energy source. The optimal growth conditions were determined to be: temperature 37℃, pH 7.0, inoculum size 0.1% and shaker rotary speed 250 r/min. Under the optimal conditions, the degradation kinetics of 2,6-DTBP with an initial concentration of 100 mg/L was studied. Results indicated that 62.4% of 2,6-DTBP was removed after 11 d. The degradation kinetics could be expressed by Eckenfelder equation with a half life of 9.38 d. In addition, the initial concentration of 2,6-DTBP played an important role on the degradation ability of the strain. The maximum initial concentration of 2,6-DTBP was determined to be 200 mg/L. Above this level, the strain was overloaded and exhibited significant inhibition.     

己烯雌酚降解菌固定化条件优化及其降解性能

以海藻酸钠为包埋剂,制备了己烯雌酚(DES)降解菌株S(Serratia sp.)的固定化菌剂,通过正交试验确定了菌株S的最佳固定化条件:海藻酸钠质量分数为4%,菌悬液与海藻酸钠重量比为1:2,CaCl₂质量分数为4%,交联时间为6h.菌株S的固定化菌剂比游离菌株更有优势;7d时,固定化菌株S对无机盐培养基中DES的去除率为83.84%,较游离菌株高22.84%.优化了固定化菌株S对溶液中DES的处理条件:固定化菌株S接入量为300g/L,初始底物浓度为20~40mg/L.固定化菌株S对DES浓度为40.01,37.90 ,33.52μg/L 3个排污口污水中DES的去除率分别达90.0%,96.0%,96.7%.利用固定化菌株处理实际污水中DES等雌激素具有应用潜力.     

产碱菌株F-3-4降解2,6-二叔丁基苯酚机理研究

研究有毒化合物的生物降解途径．以鉴定有毒化合物在微生物作用下的降解中间产物．以及是否最终成为无害的产物（CO2和H2O），对人们认识有毒化合物在环境中的迁移规律及生物去除的办法．途径具有重要的启示作用。通过色质联机测试中间产物以及降解过程体系酶的变化，对产碱菌株F-3-4降解2,6-二叔丁基苯酚（2,6-DTBP）的途径和机理进行了研究。GC—MS测试结果表明。中间降解产物为乙酸、丙酮酸和异丁酸等化合物。降解过程体系酶测定结果显示．儿茶酚2，3-双加氧酶变化比较明显。表明在菌种生物降解底物过程中。主要以2，3位开裂为主。即主要以间位开裂途径进行开环反应，从而推测了F-3-4对2,6-DTBP的降解途径和机理。     

Biodegradation of oil wastewater by free and immobilized Yarrowia lipolytica W29

The ability of Yarrowia lipolytica W29 immobilized by calcium alginate to degrade oil and chemical oxygen demand(COD) was examined.The degradation rules of oil and COD by immobilized cells with the cell density of 6.65 × 106 CFU/mL degraded 2000 mg/L oil and 2000 mg/L COD within 50 h at 30℃(pH 7.0,150 r/min),similarly to those of free cells,and the degradation effciencies of oil and COD by immobilized cells were above 80%,respectively.The factors affecting oil and COD degradation by immobilized cells were i...     

Photodegradation of soluble microbial products (SMPs) from membrane bioreactor by GO-COOH/TiO2/Ag

This study aimed to explore a new degradation method - photocatalysis technology to polish membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluent, using 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (2,6-DTBP) as a model soluble microbial product (SMP). 2,6-DTBP is one of the predominant SMPs in MBR effluent, which is refractory and difficult to biodegrade. This study developed a novel carboxylated graphene oxide/titanium dioxide/silver (GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag) nanocomposite to photodegrade 2,6-DTBP. GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag was successfully synthesized, using l-cysteine as the linker bonding TiO₂/Ag to GO-COOH. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag nanocomposite were characterized using various techniques. Owing to synergistic effects, the GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag nanocomposite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance under solar light irradiation when compared to TiO₂, Ag and GO-COOH. To remove 25 mg/L 2,6-DTBP, the reaction time for GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag was only 30 min, faster than the 90 min required for pure TiO₂ or Ag. In addition, the 200 mg/L GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag nanocomposite aqueous solution showed the best performance under solar light, with 99% removal of 2,6-DTBP. This enhanced capability is likely due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect contributed by Ag nanoparticles (NPs) doped onto the TiO₂. In addition, GO-COOH had a high effective surface area, which assisted in degrading the 2,6-DTBP through improved adsorption. The stability study showed that the photocatalytic activity of the GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag was stable enough for recycling multiple times. The effective degradation performance and excellent stability demonstrates that the GO-COOH/TiO₂/Ag nanocomposite can be a promising photocatalyst in the field of effluent SMP photodegradation, which solves the problem of the difficult biodegradation of highly toxic 2,6-DTBP.