共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
利用2012年杭州、桐庐、建德、淳安CE-318太阳光度计的观测资料,反演获得了气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)、Ångström波长指数(AE)、单次散射反照率(SSA)和气溶胶粒子谱(ASD)等参数,分析了杭州地区气溶胶光学特性的变化规律.结果表明,2012年杭州、桐庐、建德、淳安AOD440nm年均值分别为0.94±0.16、0.84±0.17、0.82±0.22、0.71±0.20,呈现出自东北向西南逐渐下降的变化趋势,是长三角地区AOD高值地区之一.AE440-870nm年均值分别为1.24±0.12、1.19±0.17、1.06±0.04、1.04±0.10,表明杭州地区以半径较小的气溶胶粒子为主控模态.3~4月AE相对偏低与来自北方的沙尘粒子远距离输送有关.除淳安外,杭州、桐庐和建德AOD有明显的日变化特征.不同地区细模态粒子峰值半径春季、秋季和冬季均在0.15 μm左右,由于气溶胶粒子的吸湿增加导致夏季细模态粒子的峰值半径在0.25 μm左右;粗模态粒子峰值半径夏季、秋季和冬季均在2.94 μm左右,高于春季(1.7~2.2 μm).SSA440nm年均值分别为0.91±0.01、0.92±0.03、0.92±0.02、0.93±0.02,说明杭州地区气溶胶粒子为中等强度吸收性气溶胶.对气溶胶类型进行分类表明,杭州以生物质燃烧/城市工业型为主,而桐庐、建德和淳安以混合型为主. 相似文献
3.
Ayodele Joseph Adesin Kanike Raghavendra Kumar Venkataraman Sivakumar Derek Griffith 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(12):2459-2474
The present study uses the data collected from Cimel Sunphotometer of Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET) for the period from January to December, 2012 over an urban site,Pretoria(PTR; 25.75°S, 28.28°E, 1449 m above sea level), South Africa. We found that monthly mean aerosol optical depth(AOD, τa) exhibits two maxima that occurred in summer(February) and winter(August) having values of 0.36 ± 0.19 and 0.25 ± 0.14,respectively, high-to-moderate values in spring and thereafter, decreases from autumn with a minima in early winter(June) 0.12 ± 0.07. The Angstrom exponents(α440–870) likewise,have its peak in summer(January) 1.70 ± 0.21 and lowest in early winter(June) 1.38 ± 0.26,while the columnar water vapor(CWV) followed AOD pattern with high values(summer) at the beginning of the year(February, 2.10 ± 0.37 cm) and low values(winter) in the middle of the year(July, 0.66 ± 0.21 cm). The volume size distribution(VSD) in the fine-mode is higher in the summer and spring seasons, whereas in the coarse mode the VSD is higher in the winter and lower in the summer due to the hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles.The single scattering albedo(SSA) ranged from 0.85 to 0.96 at 440 nm over PTR for the entire study period. The averaged aerosol radiative forcing(ARF) computed using SBDART model at the top of the atmosphere(TOA) was- 8.78 ± 3.1 W/m2, while at the surface it was- 25.69 ± 8.1 W/m2 leading to an atmospheric forcing of + 16.91 ± 6.8 W/m2, indicating significant heating of the atmosphere with a mean of 0.47 K/day. 相似文献
4.
基于高精度的太阳光度计(CE-318)得到太湖上空气溶胶长期观测数据,获得了太湖上空从2005年9月~2010年10月的气溶胶光学厚度(AOT)以及相应的ngstrm参数α.5 a的观测资料表明,太湖上空AOT的高值区出现在夏季的6~7月,低值区出现在秋冬季节的10月~次年1月;α的低值区和高值区分别出现在春季的3~4月和秋季的9~11月,AOT及对应的α的变化主要与该地区的天气形势有关.从频率分布来看,AOT(500 nm)只有一个峰值,最高频率值为0.4~0.6,约占总样本的26%,年均值为0.80.按照平均AOT(500 nm)计算,气溶胶造成的太阳直射辐射的透过率衰减至少为50%,致使太湖地区的大气较为混浊,形成严重的雾霾天气;ngstrm波长指数α有2个峰值,最高频率区间为1.1~1.3和1.3~1.5,分别占总样本的30%,年平均值为1.17.结果还表明AOT(500 nm)和α的日均值变化范围均较大,表明太湖上空有不同类型的气溶胶粒子共存;当α增大时,AOT(500 nm)的均值呈递减趋势.总体结果分析表明,太湖上空的AOT值随时间变化较大,属于城市-工业型气溶胶类型. 相似文献
5.
2014年冬季在广州番禺站利用校正后的7波段黑碳仪数据,计算棕色碳(BrC)在不同波长的光吸收特性,并结合气溶胶及气体成分在线监测仪(MARGA)和在线OCEC分析仪同步观测数据,分析了BrC的来源.结果表明:BrC在370、470、520、590和660 nm处对光吸收的贡献随波长增大而变小,不同波段的贡献分别为25. 9%、19. 7%、14. 1%、11. 6%和7. 7%; BrC光吸收系数、水溶性钾离子(K~+)和有机碳(OC)浓度大致呈现日间低,夜间高的趋势,说明生物质燃烧产物对BrC的光吸收系数贡献很大,傍晚附近农村地区逐渐活跃的秸秆燃烧活动和夜间稳定的边界层也有利于污染物累积; BrC光吸收系数与OC的比值在午后出现低值,说明二次有机气溶胶和老化的气溶胶的吸光能力较弱.相关性分析表明,BrC光吸收系数与K+离子和OC浓度的相关性最高,BrC光吸收系数与硝酸根(NO_3~-)和铵根(NH_4~+)离子也具有较高的相关性. 相似文献
6.
中国3个AERONET站点气溶胶大小的识别及特征分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
?ngstr?m波长指数a是判断气溶胶粒子大小的重要参数,但当气溶胶尺度分布不满足Junge分布时,仅用a不能很好的反映气溶胶粒子的尺度信息.利用Mie散射理论和AERONET站点实测资料分析说明在0.750.6;当a2>0.3时,多以粗粒子为主,Vfine/Vtotal<0.4.利用Gobbi气溶胶图解法分析显示SACOL站AOD的大值主要是由于沙尘气溶胶的影响造成的;香河站沙尘和细粒子气溶胶都会产生大值AOD,并且图解法可以很好的区分这两种情况;太湖站受沙尘的影响较小,大值AOD绝大多数是由于细粒子气溶胶造成的. 相似文献
7.
利用AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network)的长期观测数据,分析了“一带一路”沿线非洲地区7个典型城市气溶胶的光学和微物理特性及其年际和季节变化特征,包括气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)、波长指数(AE)、单次散射反照率(SSA)、粒子谱分布、气溶胶吸收光学厚度(AAOD)、主要气溶胶类型、辐射强迫(ARF)及其效率(ARFE)等.结果表明:非洲地区AOD和AE虽然年变化趋势不显著,但其南北区域均值差异十分明显,北部地区的平均AOD(0.47)高于南部(0.18),而AE则正好相反,分别为0.55和1.38. AOD和AE表现出显著的季节变化特征,非洲北部和南部的AOD均在春季最高,分别为0.58和0.27,而在秋季最低,分别为0.36和0.12;非洲北部的AE值在秋季最高(0.63),春季最低(0.36),南部的AE值则在春季最高(1.51),夏季最低(1.09).各站年平均AAOD为0.03~0.05;AAOD冬季最大(0.04~0.10),夏季最低(0.02~0.05).从秋季到冬季,非洲各站点SSA均有明显下降趋势,平均值从0.91下降至0.87.DAK站(Da... 相似文献
8.
精河县气溶胶光学特性的定量评估是理解艾比湖盐尘传输过程的关键.本文利用2019年精河县CE-318太阳光度计站点观测资料,分析了气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)和Angstr?m波长指数(α)的变化特征.结果表明AOD日变化呈单峰曲线,与α呈反向变化特征;气溶胶粒子浓度和主控模态具有明显的季节性差异,与夏、秋季相比,春季AOD较高且变化幅度剧烈,粗粒子气溶胶占主控地位,粒子粒径和变化幅度较大; AOD和α呈负相关关系,从春季到秋季,气溶胶逐渐从粗模态向细模态过渡;与夏季相比,春季局地气溶胶对风速、风向和相对湿度的变化较为敏感;温度不是导致局地气溶胶变化的内在因素,但与气溶胶粒子扩散能力成正比;非采暖期,精河县AOD高值主要受粗粒子为主的沙尘气溶胶的影响,小颗粒的气溶胶的增加以及气溶胶吸湿增长都不是造成该地区AOD增加的主要原因. 相似文献
9.
Liuwei Kong Min Hu Qinwen Tan Miao Feng Yu Qu Junling An Yuanhang Zhang Xingang Liu Nianliang Cheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(1):49-59
To clarify the aerosol hygroscopic growth and optical properties of the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,integrated observations were conducted in Heshan City of Guangdong Province from October 19 to November 17,2014.The concentrations and chemical compositions of PM2.5,aerosol optical properties and meteorological parameters were measured.The mean value of PM2.5 increased from less than 35(excellent) to 35-75 μg/m3(good) and then to greater than 75 μg/m3(... 相似文献
10.
Yong Tang Yuanlong Huang Ling Li Hong Chen Jianmin Chen Xin Yang Song Gao Deborah S. Gross 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(12):2412-2422
Physical and chemical properties of ambient aerosols at the single particle level were studied in Shanghai from December 22 to 28, 2009. A Cavity-Ring-Down Aerosol Extinction Spectrometer(CRD-AES) and a nephelometer were deployed to measure aerosol light extinction and scattering properties, respectively. An Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer(ATOFMS)was used to detect single particle sizes and chemical composition. Seven particle types were detected. Air parcels arrived at the sampling site from the vicinity of Shanghai until mid-day of December 25, when they started to originate from North China. The aerosol extinction,scattering, and absorption coefficients all dropped sharply when this cold, clean air arrived.Aerosol particles changed from a highly aged type before this meteorological shift to a relatively fresh type afterwards. The aerosol optical properties were dependent on the wind direction.Aerosols with high extinction coefficient and scattering Angstrom exponent(SAE) were observed when the wind blew from the west and northwest, indicating that they were predominantly fine particles. Nitrate and ammonium correlated most strongly with the change in aerosol optical properties. In the elemental carbon/organic carbon(ECOC) particle type, the diurnal trends of single scattering albedo(SSA) and elemental carbon(EC) signal intensity had a negative correlation. We also found a negative correlation(r =-0.87) between high mass-OC particle number fraction and the SSA in a relatively clean period, suggesting that particulate aromatic components might play an important role in light absorption in urban areas. 相似文献
11.
12.
本文运用水体可见光的传输机理,讨论了光的传输特性与水中悬浮泥沙,色素和黄色物质的定量关系。同时简述了在秦山核电站邻近海域1995年10月 ̄1996年7月间4个航次的有关水光学特征现场测量过程和实验室分析方法。最后,通过水体中太阳光透透深度和真空层,研究了该邻近海域的光穿透性能的季节性变化。研究表明,核电站运行以来,秦山核电站邻近海域水的光穿透性能变化很小。 相似文献
13.
利用2010年10~11月CE318太阳光度计观测资料,得出了北京市秋季气溶胶光学厚度(AODλ=500nm),Angstr?m波长指数(α)和浑浊度(β).结果显示,气溶胶AOD,Angstr?m指数,浑浊度平均值分别为0.5(±0.69)、0.95(±0.33)、0.24(±0.31),变异系数分别为139%、35%和132%.非污染天,AOD变化较小,峰值出现在15:00,但大气中细粒子组分相对较高;污染天,AOD波动很大,没有明显的日变化,颗粒物以细粒子为主.非污染天,当α1.0,两者呈现正相关;污染天,两者无明显关系,但当AOD>1.0,α随AOD的增大而变小.当Vmax4m/s,AOD和α均出现小值,α与AOD呈负相关.风向也是影响α和AOD变化的重要因素,尤其ENE为主导风向时,α与AOD呈明显正相关.温度的变化并未对α和AOD的变化造成很大影响.局地扬尘或沙尘气溶胶呈非亲水性,但当α>0.5,AOD随相对湿度(RH)的增大有一定程度的增大. 相似文献
14.
中国3个AERONET站点气溶胶微物理特性分析及比较 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
选取中国地区区域代表性较强且观测时间序列较长的3个AERONET站点(SACOL、香河和太湖),分析了其气溶胶微物理参数特征. 香河和太湖多年平均气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)分别为0.67±0.66和0.72±0.44,是SACOL AOD平均值(0.38±0.27)的近2倍,且AOD变化范围较大. SACOL春冬季AOD较大,夏秋季AOD较小;而香河和太湖夏春季较大,秋冬季较小.结合尺度分布、体积浓度等参数特征说明沙尘是SACOL春季最主要的气溶胶类型,香河春季受沙尘的影响也较严重,而太湖受沙尘影响的频率较香河要小的多;香河和太湖AOD最大值出现月份与细模态粒子体积浓度最大值出现月份一致,是由于细模态粒子的消光效率是粗模态粒子的3~4倍.细模态体积比(Vf/Vt)的年变化趋势与?ngstr?m波长指数(?)的年变化趋势相似,Vf/Vt和?均可以用来分析粒子尺度大小的年变化特征.但?1.7时,Vf/Vt大于0.6,以细模态粒子为主;而0.75<1.7时,也是?出现概率最高的区间,3个站点Vf/Vt均在0.1~0.8之间变化. 相似文献
15.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):483-493
When exposed to different relative humidities (RHs), the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols will change because of changes in the aerosol particle size and complex refractive index (RI), which will affect haze formation and global climate change. The potential contributions of ultrafine particles to the atmospheric optical characteristics and to haze spreading cannot be ignored because of their high particle number concentrations and strong diffusibility; measurement of the optical properties of wet ultrafine particles is thus highly important for environmental assessment. Therefore, a surface plasmon resonance microscopy with azimuthal rotation illumination (SPRM-ARI) system is designed to determine the RIs of single particle aerosols with diameters of less than 100 nm in the hygroscopic growth process. Measurements are taken using mixed single particles with different mass ratios. The RIs of mixed single aerosols at different RHs are retrieved by measuring the scattering light intensity using the SPRM-ARI system and almost all the RIs of the bicomponent particles with different mass ratios decrease with increasing water content under high RH conditions. Finally, for each of the bicomponent particles, the maximum standard deviations for the retrieved RI values are only , and , corresponding to the NaCl and NaNO3 bicomponent particles with a 3:1 mass ratio at 76.0% RH, the NaCl and glucose particles with a 1:3 mass ratio at 89.0% RH, and the NaCl and OA particles with a 1:1 mass ratio at 78.0% RH, respectively; these results indicate that the high-sensitivity SPRM-ARI system can measure the RI effectively and accurately. 相似文献
16.
Liang Yuan Yan Yin Hui Xiao Jian Hao Kui Chen Xingna Yu Xiaoling Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(9):21-38
In-situ measurements of aerosol optical properties were conducted at Mt. Huang from September 23 to October 28, 2012. Low averages of 82.2, 10.9, and 14.1 Mm~(-1) for scattering coefficient(σ_(sp, neph, 550)), hemispheric backscattering coefficient(σ_(hbsp, neph, 550)), and absorption coefficient(σ_(ap, 550)), respectively, were obtained. Atmospheric aging process resulted in the increase of σap, 550 but the decrease of the single scattering albedo(ω_(550)) at constant aerosol concentration. However, the proportion of non-light-absorbing components(non-BCs) was getting higher during the aging process, resulting in the increase of aerosol diameter, which also contributed to relatively higher σ_(sp, neph, 550) and ω_(550). Diurnal cycles of σ_(sp, neph, 550) and σ_(ap, 550) with high values in the morning and low values in the afternoon were observed closely related to the development of the planetary boundary layer and the mountain-valley breeze. BC mixing state, represented by the volume fraction of externally mixed BC to total BC(r), was retrieved by using the modified Mie model.The results showed r reduced from about 70% to 50% when the externally mixed non-BCs were considered. The periodical change and different diurnal patterns of r were due to the atmospheric aging and different air sources under different synoptic systems. Local biomass burning emissions were also one of the influencing factors on r. Aerosol radiative forcing for different mixing state were evaluated by a \"two-layer-single-wavelength\" model,showing the cooling effect of aerosols weakened with BC mixing state changing from external to core-shell mixture. 相似文献
17.
为探究天山北坡城市群大气气溶胶光学特性时空分布特征,本文利用卫星遥感MCD19-A2气溶胶产品分析了2000~2019年研究区气溶胶光学厚度(aerosol optical depth,AOD)时空分布特征及变化趋势,针对AOD较为稳定的2016~2019年,利用多波段太阳光度计地基遥感技术,对AOD及Angström波长指数(α)等参数进行特征分析.结果表明:①空间上,研究区AOD空间分布与地形呈现较好的一致性,高值现象主要分布在低海拔地区;AOD空间分布表现出较强烈季节变化,春季(0.15±0.03) > 秋季(0.14±0.03) > 夏季(0.14±0.02);②时间上,2000~2019年间研究区AOD年均值为0.12,年增幅1.03%,整体呈现增加趋势;AOD月均值的年际变化表现为双峰型,5月和11月为第一峰值和第二峰值,自然尘源粉尘的释放和传输以及人类社会燃煤供暖是造成AOD增加的主要原因;③受沙尘天气的影响,春季AOD的变化幅度较为剧烈,气溶胶主控粒子粒径及变化幅度均大于夏季;研究区AOD高值主要受粗模态粒子气溶胶的影响,细模态粒子吸湿增长会引起AOD的波动,但不易导致AOD高值. 相似文献
18.
气溶胶组分、结构以及形态的复杂性对高湿条件下气溶胶散射吸湿增长因子统计模型的适用性提出了挑战。基于成都市2017年10—12月浊度计和黑碳仪的逐时观测资料,结合同时次的环境气象监测数据,利用\"光学综合法\"计算气溶胶散射吸湿增长因子。以相对湿度(RH)、CBC、CBC/CPM2.5、CPM1/CPM2.5以及CPM2.5/CPM10作为输入因子[CBC、CPM1、CPM2.5、CPM10分别为黑碳(BC)、PM1、PM2.5、PM10的质量浓度],构建了气溶胶散射吸湿增长因子的BP神经网络模型。结果表明:气溶胶散射吸湿增长因子BP神经网络模型、多变量GAM模型、双变量模型以及单变量二次多项式模型的判决系数(R2)分别为0.870、0.792、0.744和0.650,其中高湿条件(RH>85%)下模拟值的判决系数(R2)分别为0.749、0.685、0.638和0.538。多模型对比表明,气溶胶散射吸湿增长因子BP神经网络模型的模拟效果最优,显著降低了统计模型在高湿条件(RH>85%)下的模拟误差。 相似文献
19.
通过对大气消光系数进行组分分解,并借助米散射理论,构建了以均匀混合气溶胶吸湿增长因子为唯一变量的目标函数.进一步利用免疫进化算法优化该目标函数,提出了一种针对均匀混合气溶胶吸湿增长因子的反演算法.基于成都市2017年10~12月浊度计,黑碳仪和GRIMM180环境颗粒物监测仪的地面逐时观测资料以及该时段同时次的环境气象监测数据(大气能见度,相对湿度RH和NO2质量浓度),评估了算法的性能及其适用性.结果表明:对所有测试样本而言,反演均匀混合气溶胶吸湿增长因子的免疫进化算法均能快速收敛到全局最优解.建立了成都地区秋冬季均匀混合气溶胶吸湿增长模型,该模型显著提升了环境条件下气溶胶散射系数的模拟精度,其模拟值与实测值之间的平均相对误差仅为12.7%.该反演算法的普适性可为气溶胶吸湿性及其辐射强迫效应的后续研究提供算法保障. 相似文献
20.
以长三角为研究区,利用AERONET地基观测的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)数据,验证了基于MODIS_C061深蓝算法(DB)的AOD产品适用于长三角地区.并利用2000~2018年MOD04_L2产品,分析研究区AOD和Angstr?m指数(AE)的时空变化特征.结果表明,长三角地区AOD呈现东部和北部平原地区高、南部和西部山区低的空间分布,AE呈现南部地区高北部地区低的空间分布. 2003~2007年,AOD年均值增长显著,增长率为23%, 2011年以后逐渐下降; 2001~2003年,AE年均值增长迅速, 2012年以后逐渐下降.AOD在长三角地区呈现夏季最高、冬季最低的显著季节性变化,月均值6月最高达0.84, 8月最低为0.40;AE呈现秋季最高,春季最低的季节性变化,月均值9月最高达1.47, 3月最低为1.08.根据AOD与AE的关系,对长三角地区气溶胶类型进行了研究,结果表明人为产生的城市工业气溶胶是该地区主要的气溶胶类型,其次为混合型和清洁大陆型. 相似文献