首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
对了便于脱硫产物的收集和应用,用沉降法采样,用电子显微镜对产物气溶胶进行粒径分析,实验在民晕放电装置上,模拟含硫烟气在工况条件下,进行,电子显微镜的观测结果显示,脱硫产物粉尘结构疏松,颗粒形态不规则。根据电镜照片的统计结果,得出产物粉尘的数目中粒径NMD为0.40μm,几何标准偏差σ=5.21;质量中位么MMD为2.82μdisplay status  相似文献   

2.
含锰废渣吸收低浓度SO2生产MnSO4·H2O研究   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11       下载免费PDF全文
在实验室中进行了含锰废渣吸收低浓度SO2废气生产MnSO2·H2O的研究,用MnSO4·H2O生产过程中废弃的含锰废渣在玻砂气体吸收器中吸收废气中SO2,对SO22为0.01m^3/m^3的废气,在固液比r=1:5,pH1.8-2.2,SO2吸收效率η≥90%的条件下一步生成纯度较高的MnSO4母液,经简单的除杂,过滤,浓缩,结晶、干燥得到MnSO4·H2O含量达到94%的产品。  相似文献   

3.
建立溴甲酚绿(BCG)-溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)光度法测定水中阴离子表面活性剂的方法。实验表明,最适合的pH范围为5.5-9.0,λmax=614nm,在86μgCPB存在下,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)分别在0-80μg/10ml和0-75μg/10ml范围内符合比耳定律,其表观摩尔吸光系数分别为2.9×104和3.1×104L·mol-1·cm-1。用此法测定了河水和生活废水中的阴离子表面活性剂,相对标准偏差<3.0%,样品加标平均回收率为99.3%。  相似文献   

4.
采用好氧气提反应器处理含硫化物废水   总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19  
采用好氧气提反应器处理人工的含硫废水,在COD:S^2=1.5:1,硫化物负荷2-3kg/(m^3.d)的条件下,总COD去除率在40%左右,硫化物扔平均去除率稳定在95%以上。实验结果表明,气提反应器作为脱硫处理单元是完全可行的,并且具有控制简单,操作方便和启动快等优点,剩余污泥中的含硫量在37%左右,经过处理,可以回收利用污泥中的硫。  相似文献   

5.
H-酸废母液的湿式空气氧化处理   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
研究了用湿式氧化法处理染料中间体H-酸废母液。在200-250℃,Po2=1-3MPa下,H-酸的湿式氧化反应可分为2个阶段,最初10min为快反应段,COD快速下降,UV/可见光吸光度先急剧升高,之后快速降低;慢反应段延续到30min,COD和吸光度缓慢下降,其后变化不大。经过温式氧化处理之后,可生化性大幅度改善,在160℃,充氧3MPa,反应1h,可使10g/L的H-酸液的COD降低50%,BOD5/COD由3.4%升高到33.3%。反应后尾气中不含SO2,NOx类有害气体。  相似文献   

6.
内循环生物流化床处理丙烯酸废水的试验   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8  
周平  钱易 《环境科学》1995,16(1):58-61
介绍内循环三相生物流化床处理丙烯酸废水的中试研究。当进水COD为710—992mg/L时,平均去除容积负荷NV=4.0kgCOD/(m3·d),污泥负荷NS=1.6kgCOD/(kgVSS·d);进水COD为1277—2276mp/L时,NV=6.8kgCOD/(m3·d),Ns=2.8kgCOD/(kgVSS·d);氧利用率约17%。同时对流化床出水进行了后处理试验,提出了丙烯酸废水的治理方案。  相似文献   

7.
曝气生物滤池处理生活污水试验   总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32  
李汝琪  孔波  钱易 《环境科学》1999,20(5):69-71
曝气生物滤池具有体积小、处理效率高等特点。研究结果表明,曝气生物滤池处理生活污水在0.53m/h的水力负荷下,BOD5、COD、SS、NH4-N和TN的平均去除率95.3%、92.6%、96.7%、91.85%和85.1%,平均出水浓度分别为3.0mg/L、12.5mg/L、2.5mg/L、1.7mg/L和4.3mg/L。  相似文献   

8.
简易干法烟气脱硫技术的试验研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为了开发研究低投资,低成本的脱硫方法,在研制高活性多孔脱硫剂的过程中,研究了各种因素的影响,并对脱硫剂进行物化特性的表征。脱硫剂比表面积可达41m^2/g,粒径分布:0-1μm占24.1%.-10-20μm占20.1%;20-40μm占29.0%,40μm-60μm占10.3%。实验室小试,用固定床反应器模拟研究干法烟气脱硫反应过程,烟气相对湿度,脱硫剂比表面积,反应温度等为影响脱硫剂与OS2反应  相似文献   

9.
无机膜-生物反应器处理生活污水试验研究   总被引:50,自引:2,他引:50  
用无机膜-生物反应器进行处理生活污水试验,结果表明,当HRT为5h,膜通量为75-150L/(m^2.h)膜面流速为4m/s,SRT为5,15,30d时,分别经过10,16,14d,运行,生物反应器MLSS达到稳定值3.1,10.7,17.3g/L,对COD,NH3-N和浊度的去除率分别为超过96%,95%,98%,对SS和E.coli的去除率则达100%;试验出水水质优于建设部生活杂用水水质标准  相似文献   

10.
利用紫露草微核技术对大气中重要的污染物SO2和NOx进行了室内外试验。结果表明,紫露草对大气中SO2和NOx较敏感,紫露草微核频率MCN%(效应y)与SO2、NOx的浓度(剂量x)的关系在一定的范围内呈正相关。对于SO2当浓度在0.00-3.75mg/m^3之间时,对应的微核频率y=8.38+4.38x,r=0.91;对于NOx当浓度在0.00-1.00mg/m^3之间时,对应的微核频率y=4.8  相似文献   

11.
Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity (both in gene richness and diversity index values) and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor (50 mg/kg) recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos (150 mg/kg) caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos (250 mg/kg) produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes (bands) responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals: four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.  相似文献   

12.
Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone (BP 1,6- quinone), trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BP 7,8-diol), 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-OHBP), were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that (1) the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; (2) the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; (3) the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% (w/v), concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.  相似文献   

13.
Sorption of chlorotoluron in ammonium sulfate, urea and atrazine multi-solutes system was investigated by batch experiments. The results showed application of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil could affect the behavior of chlorotoluron. At the same concentration of N, sorption of chlorotoluron decreased as the concentration of atrazine increased on the day 0 and 6 in soil, respectively. The sorption of chlorotoluron increased from 0 to 6 d when soils were preincubated with deionized water, ammonium sulfate and urea solution for 6 d. That indicated incubation time was one of the most important factors for the sorption of chlorotoluron in nitrogen fertilizers treatments. The individual sorption isotherms of chlorotoluron in rubbery polymer and silica were strictly linear in single solute system, but there were competition sorption between pesticides or between pesticides and nitrogen fertilizers. That indicated the sorption taken place by concurrent solid-phase dissolution mechanism and sorption on the interface of water-organic matter or water-mineral matter.  相似文献   

14.
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.  相似文献   

15.
In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato (Solanum tuberosum) and brinjal (Solanum melongena), for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.  相似文献   

16.
RemovalofheavymetalsfromsewagesludgebylowcostingchemicalmethodandrecyclinginagricultureWuQitang,NyirandegePascasie,MoCehuiF...  相似文献   

17.
Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury (HgT), combinative mercury (Hgc) and gaseous mercury (HgG), and content of total organic carbon (TOC), but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of (HgG,/HgT)1992〉(HgG/HgT)1996〉〉(HgG/HgT)2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn: with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants (e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum) are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.  相似文献   

18.
Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.  相似文献   

19.
Earthworm toxicity tests are useful tools for terrestrial risk assessment but require a hierarchy of test designs that differ in effect levels (behavior, sublethal, lethal). In this study, the toxicity of chlorpyrifos contaminated soil on earthworms was assessed. In addition to the acute and chronic tests, an avoidance response test was applied. Earthworms were exposed to sublethal and lethal concentration of chlorpyrifos, and evaluated for acute toxicity, growth, fecundity and avoidance response after a certain exposure period. The test methods covered all important ecological relevant endpoints (acute, chronic, behavioral). Concentration of 78.91 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos caused significant toxic effects in all test methods, but at lower test concentrations, only significant chronic toxic effects could be observed. In the present study, chlorpyrifos had adverse effect on growth and fecundity in earthworm exposed to 5 mg/kg chlorpyrifos after eight weeks. The avoidance response test, however, showed significant repellent effects concentration of 40 mg/kg chlorpyrifos. For chlorpyrifos, concentration affecting avoidance response was far greater than growth and fecundity, it seemed likely that earthworms were not able to escape from pesticide-contaminated soil into the clean soil in field and hence were exposed continuously to elevated concentrations of pesticides.  相似文献   

20.
Bottled water may not be safer, or healthier, than tap water. The present studies have proved that styrene and some other aromatic compounds leach continuously from polystyrene (PS) bottles used locally for packaging. Water sapmles in contact with PS were extracted by a preconcentration technique called as "purge and trap" and analysed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS). Eleven aromatic compounds were identified in these studies. Maximum concentration of styrene in PS bottles was 29.5 μg/L. Apart from styrene, ethyl benzene, toluene and benzene were also quantified but their concentrations were much less than WHO guide line values. All other compounds were in traces. Quality of plastic and storage time were the major factor in leaching of styrene. Concentration of styrene was increased to 69.53 μg/L after one-year storage. In Styrofoam and PS cups studies, hot water was found to be contaminated with styrene and other aromatic compounds. It was observed that temperature played a major role in the leaching of styrene monomer from Styrofoam cups. Paper cups were found to be safe for hot drinks.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号