探求高职学生与管理学教学的契合点

要实现高职学生管理学的课程培养目标,达到好的教学效果,除了明确高职学生的培养目标、学生的学科基础现状和学习特点外,还要把握管理学的学科特点、高职院校管理学的教材特点与缺陷,更重要的是要找到学生-学科-教材-教学的最佳契合点,同时,还要求教师因材施教,及时调整知识结构,采取灵活多样的教学方法,汲取管理学发展的最新成果．参10．     

地理教学的创新素质教育

根据多年的教学实践，从教材改革，教学安排及教学经验等方面，论述了如何在地理教学中培养学生的创新意识和实践能力，探索了地理课堂教学中的素质教育．     

高中数学探究式课堂教学探讨

随着对教育与科学起核心作用的知识经济时代到来,改革传统教学,实现教学创新是时代赋予我们的一个使命．探究教学模式是在探究式学习的基础上发展起来的．实质是一种强调学生的参与和体验,并在教师指导和点拨下展开的具有探究性和一定创造性的教学活动．在高中数学课堂中运用探究课堂教学模式进行教学,能够培养学生的数学学习兴趣及积极主动的探究、合作意识,使之形成良好的数学学习品质,促进学习成绩的进步和数学能力、创新能力的提高．参5．     

护士人文修养课实践教学环节的思考与探索

《护士人文修养》课是护理专业的一门专业基础课,课程目标是培养学生的人文精神,了解人文知识,掌握人文方法.然而在教学过程中,由于教师的缺乏与不足、学生对教学的理解偏差、教材本身存在的不足,以及在教学考核评价上的错位等原因,造成在教学中重认知轻践行,教学不好的结果.要避免这种情况的出现,就应该加强教师的人文科学培训、让学生在实践中体悟、从多种途径开展人文科学实践教学以及进行教材开发等.参4.     

大学生语文素养提高途径探析

哈佛大学前任校长查尔斯·艾略特曾说过：“我认为有教养的青年男女唯一应该具有的必备素养，就是精确而优雅地使用本国的语言．”当代中国大学生的语文素养状况令人担忧，如何正确理解语文素养的时代内涵，大学语文老师如何结合学生的现状去提高学生的语文素养，文章从基于教材，超越教材；基于课堂，超越课堂；基于自身，超越自身三个方面进行了初步探索，试图为大学语文老师提供有益的借鉴．参6．     

论建筑环境与设备工程专业课程的综合教学

本文分析了建筑环境与设备工程专业自调整教学计划以来陆续出版的专业教材用于教学过程中所出现的多种问题，提出了一种专业课程综合教学的方法，以期取得较好的教学效果．     

浅议如何提高教师与学生的谈话效果

教师与学生谈话是做学生思想政治工作的基本方法,如何提高与学生的谈话效果,始终是教师的新课题．教师既要遵循教育教学和学生身心发展规律,又要跟随时代发展步伐不断更新观念;更要运用适合当代学生特征的方法与他们进行交流;充分发挥教师主导作用和学生主体作用;做到原则、内容、方法、情理相统一,才能提高谈话效果,做好新形势下的学生思想政治工作．参8．     

高等数学教学与创新能力、实践能力的培养

高等教育的主要任务是培养具有创新精神和实践能力的高级人才,而高等数学在大学课程体系中占有十分特殊地位.在高等数学教学中培养学生的创新能力和实践能力的途经有:确定高等数学教学理念;重视知识过程教学;重视数学思想方法的渗透;加强数学建模教学;重建教学评价体系.参5.     

国家“十·五”规划教材《畜禽疫病防治》已出版发行

我院何华西副教授主编的国家教育部“十·五”规划教材《畜禽疫病防治》已由高等教育出版社 2 0 0 2年 3月出版发行。该书是根据教育部 2 0 0 1年颁布的中等职业学校畜禽疫病防治教学基本要求 ,并参照有关行业的职业技能鉴定规范 ,以及中级技术工人等考核标准编写的。主要内容为畜禽疫病的病原、疫病的传染和免疫、疫病的发生与流行、常用药物和生物制剂、疫病的预防和扑灭技术等。本书内容紧扣教学基本要求 ,内容取舍合理 ,重点介绍了当前对养殖业危害大的流行病防控技术 ,教材编排符合教学规律。每章后附有复习思考题 ,书后的实验实训针对…     

浅谈数学教学中的语言艺术

语言是教学思想的直接体现,是教师最广泛、最基本的信息载体,数学教学过程即数学知识的传递过程.在整个过程中,数学理论知识的传授、学生接受知识情况的反馈、师生之间的情感交流等等都有必须依靠数学语言.从五个方面谈数学中的语言艺术要求、特点,引经据典、生动而有趣,希望读者能从中受到一点点启发.     

Induction of metamorphosis of two species of sea urchin from Sea of Japan

The induction of metamorphosis in mature larvae by selected chemical compounds and natural substrata was investigated in two species of sea urchins from the Sea of Japan, Strongylocentrotus intermedius and Scaphechinus mirabilis. Glutamine in crystalline form was added directly to water containing mature larvae, and this compound, at a final concentration of 10 g ml^-1, was an inducer of metamorphosis in S. intermedius (100% activity) and S. mirabilis (50% activity). Gutamine, or its natural mimetic molecules, may be an active component of the exogenous cue that induces metamorphosis of S. intermedius larvae. This exogenous cue was produced by the epiphytic calcareous algae, Melobesia spp. that colonized the older sea grass Zostera marina. Glutamic acid was also used as an inducer of metamorphosis for S. intermedius and S. mirabilis larvae (50 to 60% activity), but it was toxic to the larvae.     

1株微小杆菌对4种蓝藻的生长影响

利用过滤的天然珍珠养殖水参照BG11配制加富培养液,将1株能促进鱼害微囊藻生长的微小杆菌属菌株(Exiguobacterium sp.013,简写为E.sp.013)进行纯化扩大培养后与铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、水华微囊藻(Microcystis flosaquae)、平裂藻(Merismopedia sp.)和惠氏微囊藻(Microcystis wesenbergii)按一定菌、藻密度比例同时接种后进行为期24 d的培养试验,利用特定生长率和细胞密度等指标观察并检验E.sp.013菌株对4种蓝藻生长的影响,同时检测培养液中优势菌群的数量变化趋势.结果表明:E.sp.013菌对铜绿微囊藻、水华微囊藻和惠氏微囊藻具有显著促生长和延长稳定生长期作用,对平裂藻不具有显著促生长作用,但对延长其稳定生长期具有显著效果;试验培养过程中E.sp.013菌落数量占所有菌落总数的比例始终高于46％,处于绝对优势地位,表明E.sp.013菌具有调控其他菌群的能力.     

南京城市西部遗产廊道规划

南京城市西部历史时期是城市的重要边界,现在逐渐演变成老城与新区之间的核心地带,成为公共活动的重要地区,保护其自然、文化遗产和生态环境具有非常重要的意义。在对其现状调查分析的基础上,梳理遗产点的历史概况、现状及其分布情况,提出规划遗产廊道的意义,探讨规划的具体思路,为南京遗产保护提供了新的视角。     

Evaluation of adsorption potential of adsorbents: a case of uptake of cationic dyes

Adsorption potential of a commercial activated carbon (FS300) has been evaluated for the uptake of cationic dyes namely methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RB). Though, there are numerous studies in literature which report the sorption of MB (more than 40 studies) and RB (more than 10), however none of these use a common parameter to report the capacity of the sorbent. A protocol, based on the equilibrium dye concentration has been proposed to measure the sorption potential of a sorbent. The Langmuir model can very well describe the experimental equilibrium data for both dyes (coefficient of correlation > 0.999). MB (Qm = 312.5 mg g(-1)) is more adsorbable than the RB (Qm = 144.9 mg g(-1)). Molecular weight and chemical structure of dye molecules seem to affect the dye uptake. The effect of pH on dye uptake has also been evaluated by varyingpH from 3 to 11. Uptake of MB increases with pH, wherein RB removal decreases with pH. Dyes could not be desorbed either by distilled water (0.06 and 0.11% for MB and RB respectively), or by 0.1 NHCl (0.136 and 3.0% for MB and RB respectively) indicating, chemical adsorption type of adsorbent-adsorbate interactions.     

《生态毒理学报》主编简介

<正>王子健,男,1953年10月出生,博士,研究员,博士生导师．1976年中国科技大学毕业后到中科院生态环境研究中心工作．1983-1985年在瑞士留学,从事水质污染化学规律研究;1987年在日本从事生物样品生理活性物质分析方法研究． 1992-2000年担任中科院生态环境研究中心环境水化学国家重点实验室副主任、主任,兼环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室学术委员会委员,国家863计划污染控制技术主题专家组副组长,国家自然科学基金委员会地球科学部第二届咨询专家委员会委员,国际环境地球化学与健康学会亚太分会理事,全球环境基金专家库成员等．同时担任环境科学学报(副主编)、过程工程学报、环境化学、湿地研究、地球与环境、美国Environmental Science and Health(A)等杂志的编委．王子健领导的研究小组主要研究天然水体和水处理过程中的水质转化、相关毒性和毒理变化以及健康和生态风险．内容包括发展新的环境监测技术,离体和活体生物毒性测试方法,污染物水体多介质过程,水质安全性评价以及水污染的健康和生态风险的指标和方法．在开发新型生物模拟采样技术和生物毒性测试方法体系、生活饮用水和再生水的安全性评价、持久性有毒污染物污染及其生态与健康影响等方面取得了丰硕的成果,相当一部分成果得到推广应用．     

利用回归分析确定降水入渗补给量

目前常用降水量乘以降水入渗补给系数的方法计算降水入渗补给量,此法不能表现降水特征、蒸发等因素对降水入渗补给的影响．为解决不同时间尺度、不同降水特征和蒸发情况下的降水入渗补给量,在分析郑州地下水均衡试验场地中渗透仪实测入渗量、降水和蒸发资料的基础上,利用均匀设计法选取最优的与降水入渗补给量关系密切的前期降水量和蒸发量的期次,然后利用回归分析建立各岩性和埋深的年、月和日尺度上的降水入渗函数,可以比较准确的计算降水入渗补给量．表3,参9．     

洞庭湖生态环境承载力分析

洞庭湖湖内冬枯水季节，有芦苇面积530km^2，草地面积800余km^2，泥滩地面积367km^2，天然水域面积约993km^2。湖洲之间隔水相望，河沟水系纵横交错，具“水浸皆湖，水落为洲”的地貌特征，呈现出支离破碎的形态面貌和典型的自然湿地景观。文章在大量调查的基础上，从自然和人文两个方面对洞庭湖的生态环境承载力或环境压力进行分析。     

接种污泥源对厌氧氨氧化启动效能的影响

厌氧氨氧化(anaerobic ammonium oxidation,ANAMMOX)菌生长缓慢是影响其实际应用的主要问题之一,选取合适的接种污泥十分重要.本研究采用好氧污泥、厌氧颗粒污泥和厌氧消化污泥3种接种污泥,分别经过61、70和85 d的运行均实现了厌氧氨氧化过程,氨氮去除率分别为82%、92%和91%,总氮去除率达76%、82%和80%.分别接种3种污泥源的厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)R1、R2、1t3出水pH值最终稳定在8.4、8.5、8.5.好氧污泥呈絮状,但沉降性比接种前好,厌氧颗粒污泥解体后最终形成粒径集中在0.5～1.0 mm的污泥,厌氧消化污泥则呈沙化状态,有细小颗粒出现.根据厌氧氨氧化细胞产率系数及NH4+-N、NO2--N去除量和NO3--N生成量之间的计量学关系,估算出厌氧氨氧化菌产率系数(以1 mol NH4+产生的CH2O0.5N0.15量计)分别为0.080、0.105和0.114 mol·mol-1,说明反应器内厌氧氨氧化菌有不同程度的衰减.总体而言,厌氧颗粒污泥是富集厌氧氨氧化菌的最适污泥源.     

Effects of contrasting modes of larval development on the genetic structures of populations of three species of prosobranch gastropods

 In south-eastern Australia, the prosobranch gastropods Morula marginalba (Blainville), Cominella lineolata (Lamarck) and Bedeva hanleyi (Angas) have similar fine-scale distributions, but appear to possess very different dispersal capabilities due to contrasting modes of larval development. M.marginalba produce planktonic larvae, whereas C. lineolata and B. hanleyi undergo direct development in benthic egg capsules and emerge as crawling juveniles. To test for possible effects of contrasting life histories on levels of genetic variation within and among populations, a survey was conducted of allozyme variation at six polymorphic loci in 8 to 9 local populations of each species. Collections of snails were made between June 1992 and November 1993. Sampling ranges spanned between 162 and 180 km of coast. Regardless of larval type, proportions of single-locus genotypes in each collection were consistent with the recruitment of offspring which had been generated through random mating. However, genotypic diversity was lower in those species that undergo direct development. Loci surveyed in C. lineolata and B. hanleyi were polymorphic (i.e. frequency of most common allele <95%) in fewer populations than those examined for M.␣marginalba (P <0.001) and, where polymorphisms occurred, also possessed significantly fewer alleles (P <0.001). Consequently, average levels of expected heterozygosity were greater in populations of M. marginalba than in those of either of the other species (P <0.001). Genetic variation among populations, expressed as the standardised variance in allele frequencies (F _ST ), was inversely related to expected larval dispersal capability. The nine collections of M. marginalba showed little overall differentiation (F _ST  = 0.017; P <0.001), reflecting the ability of planktonic larvae to interconnect local populations, and so limit divergence due to drift and natural selection. In contrast, there were high levels of allelic heterogeneity among the nine collections of C. lineolata (F _ST  = 0.523; P <0.001) and eight collections of B. hanleyi (F _ST  = 0.140; P <0.001). These data imply that for species which undergo direct development, local populations are effectively closed and evolve largely independent of one another. Received: 3 May 1996 / Accepted: 12 July 1996     

Comparative study of the effects of temperature,salinity and oxygen tension on the rates of oxygen consumption of nauplii of different strains of Artemia

The effects of temperature, salinity and oxygen tension on the rates of oxygen consumption of three different strains of Artemia nauplii have been studied. When acclimated to a salinity of 30, nauplii from each of the three strains were able to maintain approximately constant rates of oxygen consumption over a wide range of oxygen tension. The ability to maintain respiratory independence during hypoxia was reduced, however, with an increase in either temperature or salinity. Nauplii of two of the strains (parthenogenetic diploid and tetraploid) showed a progressive increase in the rate of oxygen consumption with increasing temperature up to 35°C. Nauplii of the bisexual strain appeared to be less tolerant of exposure to temperatures >30°C, since at higher temperatures their oxygen consumption declined slightly. The differences between the nauplii of the different strains in their physiological responses to changing environmental conditions appear to correlate well with their seasonal occurrence in the field.