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1.
NaCl改性人造沸石去除废水中氨氮的性能及其影响因素   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用NaCl溶液对人造沸石进行改性处理,考察NaCl溶液浓度对改性效果的影响.通过表面特征分析、静态吸附试验及吸附等温分析,进一步比较了人造沸石和改性人造沸石对氨氮的吸附去除性能.由X射线衍射(XRD)分析可知,沸石经改性后表面变粗糙,同时出现NaCl晶体特征衍射峰.试验结果表明,1.0 mol·L-1NaCl溶液对人造沸石的改性效果最佳;在沸石用量为1.0 g(50 mL废水)、氨氮浓度为10 mol·L-1、反应时间为40 min、反应温度为25℃和pH值为6.52条件下,改性人造沸石对氨氮的吸附效果最佳,去除率为96.02%.Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程均可较好地拟合2种沸石对氨氮的吸附过程.改性人造沸石对氨氮的吸附饱和容量(21.46 mg·g-1)远大于人造沸石(9.03 mg·g-1).  相似文献   

2.
三种人工湿地填料对低浓度氨氮废水的吸附特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以沸石、陶粒、火山岩为试验材料,分别考察了不同初始氨氮浓度、pH、共存金属阳离子、温度对填料吸附氨氮的影响,并采用了吸附等温线、动力学和热力学对吸附过程进行解析.结果表明,Langmuir方程与Freundlich方程均能较好地描述氨氮在3种填料上的等温吸附行为.3种填料对氨氮的最大吸附量分别为0.9625 mg·g-1(沸石)、0.8643 mg·g-1(火山岩)和0.6928 mg·g-1(陶粒).Freundlich方程中,1/n0.5,表明3种填料对氨氮的吸附属于优惠吸附.颗粒内扩散不是控制填料吸附NH+4的唯一控速步骤,吸附过程可能受到内扩散和表面吸附的共同影响.pH值介于6—9之间时,对氨氮有较好的去除效果.共存阳离子对氨氮的吸附具有抑制作用,具体表现为Al3+Mg2+Na+Ca2+.等温解吸试验表明,陶粒对氨氮的吸附以物理作用为主,而沸石和火山岩以离子交换为主.  相似文献   

3.
改性沸石(Na-Y型)对Ni2+的吸附行为   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
陈尔余  林峰 《环境化学》2006,25(4):420-424
将天然沸石熔融制得新型改性沸石(Na-Y型),研究Na-Y型沸石对Ni2 的吸附行为.结果表明,对Ni2 的饱和吸附量,Na-Y型沸石为31.04mg·g-1,而天然斜发沸石和Na型沸石(NaCl改性)仅为3.60mg·g-1和7.64 mg·g-1.Na-Y型沸石对Ni2 的等温吸附行为符合Freundlich方程.对溶液中Ni2 的吸附量在初始阶段(0-5h)快速上升,而后趋于平缓.共存阳离子对Na-Y型沸石吸附Ni2 的影响为:Co2 》Ca2 》Fe3 》 K .  相似文献   

4.
本文采用改性与化学再生方法,探索天然斜发沸石对氨氮吸附的最佳改性及化学再生条件.无机盐改性、热改性、有机改性试验结果表明,最佳改性方法为无机盐NaCl法,改性沸石吸附量较天然沸石提升了近20%,最佳NaCl浓度为1 mol·L~(-1);热改性法不能显著提高沸石的氨氮吸附容量,相反高温会破坏其结构;十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性法可以使改性沸石在其表面形成了新的阳离子吸附点,使其吸附性能提升;而十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性沸石表面形成的是阴离子吸附点,对带正电的NH_4~+会产生排斥,导致其吸铵性能下降.化学再生试验表明,KCl溶液对铵饱和沸石的再生效果最显著,适宜再生浓度为0.1—0.2 mol·L~(-1).经KCl再生后的沸石再次通过NaCl改性,可延长沸石使用周期以及提高再生沸石的吸附能力.  相似文献   

5.
氨氮在天然沸石上的吸附及解吸   总被引:83,自引:2,他引:83  
研究了氨氮浓度、温度、时间、共存阳离子等对氨氮在天然沸石上吸附的影响 ,比较了HCl及NaCl溶液对氨氮解吸的效果 ,初步探讨了沸石吸附氨氮后自然硝化的规律 .结果显示 ,随着氨氮浓度的增大或温度的升高 ,沸石吸附量上升 ,最大可达 1 1 5mg·g- 1 ;沸石吸附的初始阶段 (0— 8h) ,沸石吸附量随时间显著上升 ,此后趋于平缓 ;在不同阳离子共存的情况下 ,K 可使沸石吸附量降低 5 0 %以上 ;HCl溶液对氨氮解吸的效果好于NaCl溶液 ,解吸率最高可达到 6 0 % ;沸石吸附的氨氮在硝化细菌作用下可转化为硝氮 ,溶液中硝氮浓度 1 2 0h后可达 9mg·l- 1 ,在总氮中比率达到 2 7% .  相似文献   

6.
以松香基季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(N,N,N-三甲基-N-松香基氯化铵,TAAC)对天然沸石进行改性得到TAAC改性沸石并进行红外光谱、扫描电镜和X射线粉末衍射等手段表征.考察了TAAC改性沸石对水中刚果红的吸附性能的影响因素,如粒径、改性剂投加量、温度、pH值等,结果表明这一改性能显著地提高沸石对刚果红的吸附量;在pH值4.0—10.0范围内,CR的吸附量随着pH值增加而下降;反应温度从20℃上升至40℃,TAAC改性沸石对CR的吸附容量有所下降.TAAC.改性沸石对水中刚果红的吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学模型.Langmuir等温吸附模型可以较好的描述TAAC改性沸石对水中刚果红的吸附过程,其最大吸附容量为78mg·g-1(pH6.0,T=20℃).热力学分析表明,TAAC改性沸石对水中刚果红的吸附是自发和放热的过程,是化学吸附和物理吸附共同作用的过程,其吸附机制主要为静电吸引、氢键和芳香基的疏水作用.TAAC改性沸石吸附刚果红后可通过NaOH再生,且随着NaOH浓度的增加到0.1mol·L~(-1),其解吸率明显增大.  相似文献   

7.
改性斜发沸石处理高浓度氨氮废水   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用NaOH碱熔法对缙云斜发沸石进行处理,采用正交实验对碱熔法改性沸石的最佳条件进行了选择;并对改性前后的沸石进行粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征;详细研究了所得改性沸石在氨氮废水处理中的净化性能.结果表明,处理沸石的水热温度对氨氮去除效果的影响最显著;碱熔法处理可使缙云斜发沸石转变为低硅铝比的Na-P型分子筛,它对氨氮废水的NH4+-N具有优异的吸附性能.当改性沸石投加量为5 g,对100 mL浓度为1000 mg.L-1氨氮溶液,氨氮去除率可达77.8%,改性沸石吸附NH4+-N是一快速吸附过程,且能较好地符合Langmuir吸附等温模式,偏向于单分子层的吸附.  相似文献   

8.
钙型斜发沸石铵离子交换平衡的研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
测定了在不同pH值下人工改型所得钙型斜发沸石对NH4^ 的全交换容量、对NH4^ 的等温交换平衡曲线,进一步研究了其部分热力学特性。结果表明,钙型斜发沸石对NH4^ 交换总量随pH值的升高而降低,在pH值为7时为79.321mmol/100g,该离子交换过程可自发进行,且其选择性随温度的升高而降低。研究成果可为沸石法处理含氨氮废水的进一步研究提供一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

9.
利用氨水对预处理过的玉米芯进行改性,研究改性玉米芯对活性艳红(K-2BP)染料的吸附行为。通过傅里叶红外光谱对改性玉米芯进行结构表征,并考察了pH值、吸附时间、温度和初始浓度对活性艳红K-2BP吸附性能的影响及其吸附动力学性质。结果表明,在pH值1.61、温度30℃和吸附时间10 h条件下吸附效果较佳,其饱和吸附量为22.936 mg·g~(-1),吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温线,反应级数符合准二级反应动力学特征,反应活化能为17.655 k J·mol~(-1)。  相似文献   

10.
富营养化水体中微囊藻细胞碎屑对氨氮的吸附特性   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5  
以微囊藻细胞碎屑作为水体有机质颗粒悬浮物的代表,模拟研究了有机质颗粒悬浮物对无机氮的吸附行为及吸附特性.实验表明,细胞碎屑颗粒对氨氮的吸附在30min内即可接近吸附平衡,吸附符合Henry吸附模式,在吸附剂浓度为10mg·l-1,氨氮初始浓度为1.0mg·l-1,pH7.0的实验条件下,吸附分配系数高达30426L·kg-1.碎屑浓度、pH值和盐度对吸附具有一定的影响.  相似文献   

11.
Surfactant-modified natural zeolites (SMNZ) with different coverage types were prepared by loading hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB) onto the surface of a natural zeolite. The adsorption behavior of humic acid (HA) on SMNZ was investigated. Results indicate that the adsorbent SMNZ exhibited a higher affinity toward HA than the natural zeolite. HA removal efficiency by SMNZ increased with HTAB loading. Coexisting Ca2+ in solution favored HA adsorption onto SMNZ. Adsorption capacity decreased with an increasing solution pH. For typical SMNZ with bilayer HTAB coverage, HA adsorption process is well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir model. Calculated maximum HA adsorption capacities for SMNZ with bilayer HTAB coverage at pH 5.5 and 7.5 were 63 and 41 mg·g?1, respectively. E2/E3 (absorbance at 250 nm to that at 365 nm) and E4/E6 (absorbance at 465 nm to that at 665 nm) ratios of the residual HA in solution were lower than that of the original HA solution. This indicates that the HA fractions with high polar functional groups, low molecular weight (MW), and aromaticity had a stronger tendency for adsorption onto SMNZ with bilayer HTAB coverage. Results show that HTAB-modified natural zeolite is a promising adsorbent for removal of HA from aqueous solution.  相似文献   

12.
沸石生物联合吸附再生工艺及铵沸石再生   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
简述了沸石生物联合吸附再生的工艺原理,重点讨论吸附了NH 4的沸石粉的生物再生.结果表明,沸石和液相之间的NH 4是一种动态的离子交换平衡,污水的电导率对吸附了NH 4的沸石粉的NH 4解吸量有明显的影响;污水中阳离子对吸附了NH 4的沸石粉的再生率可达40%-50%,在微生物的硝化作用下可达94%.沸石生物联合吸附再生工艺中,吸附了NH 4的沸石粉的再生是"化学再生"和"生物再生"相结合的过程,生物硝化作用促进了沸石相中NH 4的解吸.  相似文献   

13.
This study evaluated the influence of clinoptilolite on the performance of activated sludge system shocked by high concentration of ammonium. The ammonium and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from the experimental reactor containing clinoptilolite and from the clinoptilolite-free control reactor was determined. The ammonium and COD removal was approximately 8 and 20% higher in the experimental reactor than in the control reactor, respectively. The removal increased with an increase in clinoptilolite concentration over the tested range up to 50?mg?L?1. The presence of clinoptilolite resulted in the sludge flocs being more compacted with smoother surfaces and edges. Molecular biological analysis revealed that clinoptilolite increased the DNA diversity, richness, and evenness of sludge microbes. The enhanced-performance activated sludge previously treated with clinoptilolite was less influenced by the shock of ammonium than non-treated sludge in terms of the ammonium and COD removal. These results suggest that clinoptilolite enhanced the performance of activated sludge system in the removal of ammonium and COD. Amendment of activated sludge with natural zeolites may thus improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment.  相似文献   

14.
天然沸石对农田退水中氨氮的去除   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张翠玲  常青  张家利  高彩丽 《环境化学》2012,31(7):1063-1068
利用静态吸附实验研究了沸石颗粒大小、氨氮初始浓度、接触时间及Na+离子浓度等因素对天然白银沸石去除模拟黄灌区农田退水中氨氮(NH4+-N)效果的影响,同时研究了吸附等温线特征,并考察了其吸附机理.研究结果表明,沸石颗粒大小、接触时间及NH4+和Na+初始浓度对NH4+-N交换容量都会产生一定影响;根据复相关系数(R2),NH4+-N的吸附等温线更符合三参数等温线模型;而对于两参数等温线模型,Langmuir模型比Freundlich模型能更好地描述NH4+-N在天然沸石上的离子交换过程;NH4+-N吸附实验数据与Elovich模型拟合最好(R2≥0.9766).研究结果表明了天然白银沸石是一种适合NH4+-N去除的离子交换剂,可用于黄灌区农田退水中NH4+-N的去除.  相似文献   

15.
Discharge of wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphate can cause eutrophication. Therefore, the development of an efficient material for the immobilization of the nutrients is important. In this study, a low calcium fly ash and high calcium fly ash were converted into zeolite using the hydrothermal method. The removal of ammonium and phosphate that coexist in aqueous solution by the synthesized zeolites were studied. The results showed that zeolitized fly ash could efficiently eliminate ammonium and phosphate at the same time. Saturation of zeolite with Ca2+ rather than Na+ favored the removal of both ammonium and phosphate because the cation exchange reaction by the NH4 + resulted in the release of Ca2+ into the solution and precipitation of Ca2+ with PO4 3? followed. An increase in the temperature elevated the immobilization of phosphate whereas it abated the removal of ammonium. Nearly 60% removal efficiency for ammonium was achieved in the neutral pH range from 5.5 to 10.5, while the increase or decrease in pH out of the neutral range lowered the adsorption. In contrast, the removal of phosphate approached 100% at a pH lower than 5.0 or higher than 9.0, and less phosphate was immobilized at neutral pH. However, there was still a narrow pH range from 9.0 to 10.5 favoring the removal of both ammonium and phosphate. It was concluded that the removal of ammonium was caused by cation exchange; the contribution of NH3 volatilization to immobilization at alkaline conditions (up to pH level of 11.4) was limited. With respect to phosphate immobilization, the mechanism was mainly the formation of precipitate as Ca3(PO4)2 within the basic pH range or as FePO4 and AlPO4 within acidic pH range.  相似文献   

16.
Thermodynamic and kinetic studies on the adsorption of Cs+ and Sr2+ by Na-exchanged clinoptilolite-rich zeolite rock from Akita (Northern Japan) were performed for the purpose of nuclear waste treatment. The thermodynamic parameters such as selectivity coefficient, thermodynamic equilibrium constant, and standard free energy of exchange were evaluated. These values indicated that the selectivity order was determined as Cs+ > Na+ > Sr2+. In order to discuss the adsorption mechanism of Cs+ and Sr2+ onto Na-exchanged clinoptilolite, the effective diffusion coefficients were calculated and two kinetic models, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, were tested. For all systems studied, chemisorption seems significant in the rate-controlling step, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best correlation of the experimental data.  相似文献   

17.
Adsorption of diazine dye safranine O (SO) in the presence of Cs+ and Sr2+ ions was investigated onto natural and synthetic zeolites in order to predict competition of cationic organic species with their radionuclides, which are the main fission products released into the environment. Adsorption of SO was measured up to the 40th day and the surface-diffusion coefficients (Ds) were estimated by applying Nernst–Planck approximation based on a homogeneous-surface-diffusion model. The values of Ds were 10 times higher on natural zeolite than those of synthesized zeolite from fly ash (FA) under hydrothermal conditions. Similarly, distribution coefficients (KD) were considerably higher on the clinoptilolite-type natural zeolite. The zeolitized product of FA is mainly composed of analcime and sodalite. SO adsorption on natural zeolite was not influenced by Cs+ and Sr2+ ions, but it decreased at high concentrations on synthetic zeolite. The higher influence of the Sr2+ ions on SO+ adsorption showed that they compete with each other for the same adsorption sites. These results suggested that natural zeolite cannot be used for remediation of wastewater polluted with Cs and Sr radionuclides in the presence of organic cations, whilst FA zeolite has a potential for Sr removal.  相似文献   

18.
人工湿地中沸石对铵吸附能力的生物再生研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
利用铵吸附饱和的天然斜发沸石和沙质土壤作为基质,构建了沸石柱和芦苇、菖蒲沸石人工湿地试验系统,采用曝气供氧、自然复氧、植物根系输氧以及培养系统中基质上的硝化菌群的方法,研究了铵吸附饱和的沸石在沸石柱和湿地中的生物再生过程。结果显示,沸石在湿地中再生过程符合指数模拟,在试验周期内沸石在沸石柱中再生可以用指数和线性模拟。沸石在湿地系统和沸石柱中经过1个月的再生,交换容量分别恢复到了原来的60.3%~62.6%和11.8%,3个月后分别恢复到了原来的94.6%~94.8%和38.4%。试验证明,沸石在湿地中再生比在沸石柱中再生效果好,交换容量恢复率高出约50%~63%。根据试验结果,探讨了铵吸附饱和的沸石在人工湿地中的生物再生机理,证明了饱和沸石在湿地中生物再生的可行性。  相似文献   

19.
有机沸石对富里酸的静态吸附性能   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA)改性制备的有机沸石(SMZ),在HDTMA理论负载量为120%时,对富里酸的吸附去除效果最佳,在酸性条件下更有利于SMZ对富里酸的吸附去除.水中K^ 和Na^ 等金属离子对SMZ吸附富里酸的行为不产生影响,Ca^2 和Mg^2 等金属离子强化了SMZ对富里酸的吸附效能,苯酚和五氯苯酚减弱了SMZ对富里酸的吸附效果.  相似文献   

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