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1.
PACS的结构特征及絮凝性能研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
高宝玉  于慧 《环境化学》1994,13(2):113-118
制备了碱化度及Al^3+/SO^2-4摩尔比不同的系列PACS,分别进行常压(干燥温度105℃)及真空干燥(真空度为-0.098MPa、干燥温度65℃)制备固体产品。用红外光谱及X-射线衍射谱研究了碱化度、Al^3+/SO^2-4摩尔比、干燥温度对PACS的结构影响,比较了干燥温度不同对PACS固体样品的溶解度及絮凝效果的影响,借助于显微电泳测定技术研究不同碱化度及不同Al^3+/SO^2-4摩尔  相似文献   

2.
Al—Ferron逐时络合比色法研究PACS中铝的水解聚合形态   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
高宝玉  岳钦艳 《环境化学》1996,15(3):234-239
制备了碱化度及不同Al^3+/SO^2=4摩尔比的系列PACS,用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法研究了铝的形态分布,考察了碱化度,Al^3=/SO^2=4摩尔比,稀释作用及pH值对铝的形态分布的影响。  相似文献   

3.
雨水中S(Ⅳ)的离子色谱分析及其保护方法的研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
栗欣  郭花捷 《环境化学》1996,15(1):76-81
本文研究了用离子色谱法分析雨水中S(Ⅳ)的色谱条件和含S(Ⅳ)样品的保存方法,采用HPIC_ASA分离柱、用2mmol.l^-1Na2CO3/3mmol.l^01NaOH溶液作淋洗液、0.0125mol.l^-1H2SO4为再生液、电导检测的方法,具有无干扰和灵敏度高等优点,而且在S(Ⅵ)的浓度秋-28μg.ml^-1范围内,其浓度与响应值之间呈现出良好的线性关系,其线性相关系数在0.9995以上  相似文献   

4.
本文对Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和^27Al-NMR法对PASC和PAC中铝的形态分布测定结果进行了对比分析的讨论。结果表明。在PAC中,Al13和Albh之间具有良好的对应关系。Al13/Alb比值为1.0左右。但对PASC而言,情况有所不同,在低碱化度(B)和低Al/Si摩尔比情况下,Al13和Alb之间的不存在对应关系,Al13和Alb比值远远小于1.0,随着B值和Al/Si摩尔比的升  相似文献   

5.
高温脱除H2S的Mn—Fe/Al2O3脱硫剂研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
张金昌  吴迪镛 《环境化学》1999,18(6):513-518
本文在热力学分析的基础上,制备了Mn-Fe/Al2O3脱硫剂,原料气中H2S浓度约为0.3%,空速约为3000h^-1,在550-650℃的反应条件下,进行了脱硫反应实验,当出口H2S浓度大于0.01%时,结束脱硫反应,在710℃,2400h^-1空速的条件下,用10.83%的O2对脱硫剂进行再生,当出口SO2浓度低于0.002%时,结束再生反应。  相似文献   

6.
磷和硫对空心菜吸收砷的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
杨文婕  刘更另 《环境化学》1996,15(4):374-379
本文通过水培空心菜中砷与磷以及砷与硫配比试验,研究了PO^3-4和AsO^3-4以及SO^2-4和AsO3^3-4共存对空心菜生长及砷累积的影响。结果表明:5mg.l^-1PO^3-4或SO^2-4时,AsO^3-4显著降低空心菜产量,PO^3-4和SO^2-4含量提高到30-100mg.l^-1时,空心菜产量明显提高。.  相似文献   

7.
不同消毒剂对水中脊髓灰质炎病毒灭活的比较   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
将脊髓灰质炎病毒( Polio V) 及不同消毒剂投加到模拟水样中,按不同接触时间1 ,3 ,10 ,30 min 取样,空斑定量. 当模拟水有机质含量 C O D 为20 mg/ L,病毒浓度n( P F U) ≈1 ×105 m L- 1 时,分别投加氯制剂有效氯ρ( Cl)16 mg/ L,接触30 min ;ρ( Cl O2) = 8 .0 mg/ L,30 min ; Cl+ Cl O2 联合消毒剂(5 .0 + 5 .0) mg/ L,30 min ;ρ( O3) = 1 .22 mg/ L,10 min 时;可使病毒彻底灭活. 它们使 Polio V 达到99 .99 % 灭活的浓度时间乘积( ρ×t) 值分别是662 .5 ,129 .5 ,200 .0 和3 .2 mg L- 1 min . 消毒效果( 顺序) 为 O3 > Cl O2 > Cl+ Cl O2 > Cl. 联合消毒灭活 Polio V 的效果为 Cl 的3 .3 倍,表明将 Cl 与 Cl O2 联合应用具有协同效应,优于传统的单一加氯消毒方式  相似文献   

8.
研究表明Ce^3+在pH〈6.2KCl介质中以254.0nm紫外光激发时,在352.0nm处发出具有恒定强度的荧光。因而可选择pH5-6作为测定酸度条件,利用Al2(SO4)3消除Fe^3+等离子的干扰,建立起Ce^3+的流动注射荧光分析法。方法的线性范围是2.0×10^-7—2.0×10^-6mol/l,一元回归方程△F=663600C-0.041(n=10,r=0.9997),检测限6.0×1  相似文献   

9.
磷酸铁膜对黄铁矿氧化抑制作用   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
黄骁  蓝叶青 《环境化学》1998,17(4):376-380
本文用动力学、表面分析方法研究在黄铁矿表面磷酸铁膜形成的可能性以及磷酸铁膜抑制黄铁矿的氧化作用,黄铁矿经0.3mol.l^-1H2O2+0.01mol.l^-1NaH2PO4+0.05mol.l^-1NaAc(ph5.0)淋洗后,在其表面可形成一层磷酸铁膜,该能显著抑制黄铁矿的进一步氧化,结果还表明,在H2O2作用下,黄铁矿氧化有自催化氧化的特征,其氧化产物Fe^3+能加快黄铁矿的氧化速率。  相似文献   

10.
土壤中水溶性有机碳与铜的相互影响   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
通过向土壤溶液中加入Cu2+和可溶性有机碳(DOC),研究它们之间的相互作用.结果发现,加入铜可以显著改变土壤水溶性有机碳(WSOC)的吸着平衡,并降低了其水溶性.影响程度在0.8mmol·l-1Cu以下随铜浓度的增加而增加.加入0.5mmol·l-1铜的土壤中 WSOS含量从 0.27mg C·g-1降至0.047mg C·g-1,吸着系数从6.6×10-3l·g-1降至3.3×10-3l·g-1.另一方面,用Freundlich方程描述铜离子在土壤中的吸附行为(液相浓度单位取mmol·l-1,固相浓度取mmol·g-1土),k=9.l×10-3;n=3.40. 加入DOC后,k=9.2×10-3;n=3.66,没有明显改变土壤对铜的吸附性能.加入小同浓度的DOC,结果仍说明该浓度范围内DOC(<8mg C·l-1)的加入没有明显改变土壤对铜的吸附性能.  相似文献   

11.
聚合硅酸硫酸铝溶液中铝的形态分布及转化规律   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
以硫酸铝、水玻璃和铝酸钠为原料合成出了具有不同碱化度(B)和si/Al摩尔比的聚合硅酸硫酸铝(PASS)混凝剂,用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和^27Al NMR法研究了PASS中铝的形态分布.结果表明,Si/Al摩尔比对PASS形态的影响要小于B值的影响;在一定的B值和Si/Al摩尔比下,Alb成为PASS中铝的优势形态;PASS中Alb和Ferron试剂的反应遵循准一级反应规律,其Kb差异不大.  相似文献   

12.
新型混凝剂聚硅硫酸铝的研究   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
以硫酸铝、水玻璃、铝酸钠为主要原料制备的新型混凝剂聚硅硫酸铝,其产品的Al2O3含量约8%,盐基度40% ̄60%,对制备的PASS溶液经5个月的贮存,其性质稳定,PASS在去浊试验中,无论常温和低温均低优于硫酸铝。对三种工业废水进行混凝处理,取得令人满意的CODcr去除率。  相似文献   

13.
● Dredged river sediment was proved as a ceramic precursor rather than a solid waste. ● Cd was stabilized in Cd-Al-Si-O phases at low temperatures via sediment addition. ● < 5% of Cd was leached out from sintered products even after a prolonged time. ● A strategy was proposed to simultaneously reuse wastes and stabilize heavy metals. Cd-bearing solid wastes are considered to be a serious threat to the environment, and effective strategies for their treatment are urgently needed. Ceramic sintering has been considered as a promising method for efficiently incorporating heavy metal-containing solid wastes into various ceramic products. Mineral-rich dredged river sediment, especially Al and Si-containing oxides, can be treated as alternative ceramic precursors rather than being disposed of as solid wastes. To examine the feasibility of using waste sediment for Cd stabilization and the phase transition mechanisms, this study conducted a sintering scheme for the mixtures of CdO and dredged river sediment with different (Al+Si):Cd mole ratios. Detailed investigations have been performed on phases transformation, Cd incorporation mechanisms, elemental distribution, and leaching behaviors of the sintered products. Results showed that Cd incorporation and transformation in the sintered products were influenced by the mole ratio of (Al+Si):Cd. Among the high-Cd series ((Al+Si):Cd = 6:1), CdSiO3, Cd2SiO4, CdAl2(SiO4)2 and Cd2Al2Si2O9 were predominant Cd-containing product phases, while Cd2Al2Si2O9 was replaced by CdAl4O7 when the mole ratio of (Al+Si):Cd was 12:1 (low-Cd series). Cd was efficiently stabilized in both reaction series after being sintered at ≥ 900 °C, with < 5% leached ratio even after a prolonged leaching time, indicating excellent long-term Cd stabilization. This study demonstrated that both Cd-containing phases and the amorphous Al-/Si-containing matrices all played critical roles in Cd stabilization. A promising strategy can be proposed to simultaneously reuse the solid waste as ceramic precursors and stabilize heavy metals in the ceramic products.  相似文献   

14.
本文对Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和~(27)AI-NMR法对PASC和PAC中铝的形态分布的测定结果进行了对比分析和讨论.结果表明,在PAC中,Al_(13)和AI_b之间具有良好的对应关系,Al_(13)/Al_b比值为1.0左右 但对PASC而言,情况有所不同,在低碱化度(B)和低Al/Si摩尔比情况下,Al_(13)和Al_b之间不存在对应关系,Al_(13)和Al_b比值远远小于1.0,随着B值和Al/Si摩尔比的升高,Al_(13)/Al_b比值逐渐趋近于1.0.这意味着在低B值和低Al/Si摩尔比情况下,由于聚硅酸与铝水解聚合产物间的相互作用,形成了铝硅复合新产物,该新产物对PASC中铝的形态分布产生了影响.  相似文献   

15.
以铝酸钠为碱化剂,合成了具有不同 Si/Al摩尔比的聚硅氯化铝复合混凝剂(PASC),采用透光率脉动检测技术并结合混凝效能和Zeta电位的测定结果,对PASC以及聚合氯化铝(PAC)、参比PACref在混凝过程中絮集物形成和增长的变化差异作了对比研究.结果表明,混凝过程中,Zeta电位、剩余浊度以及混凝指数密切相关.采用铝酸钠为碱化剂合成并引入硅酸钠的混凝剂,有利于提高凝聚速度和絮集物颗粒大小.在Si/Al摩尔比为0.10时处理效果达到最佳.  相似文献   

16.
Thermodegradation of organometallics viz. RMX (where M = Mg, Ti, Pd, Sn, Si, Al; and X =halogen atom) provides corresponding haloorganics i.e. RX. 1,2‐Shifts of H and Cl on the carbene species like CH2F. CF and CFCL2, CF produced from R. CF. Si F3 (R = CH2F, CFCl2) are preferred to that of fluorine. The thermolysis of R.CF2. Si Cl3 (R = CH2F) produces chloroolefins via halogen exchange. Major products of thermal degradation of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) are HCl and benzene but the mechanism of PVC thermodegradation is still a matter of dispute. The thermal cracking of lignins yields substituted phenols.  相似文献   

17.
The spontaneous oxidation process of pristine silicon (Si) limits its application as photocatalyst or electrode in aqueous solution or moist air. Covering a protection layer on Si surface is an effective approach to overcome this disadvantage. In this paper, α-Fe2O3 is demonstrated to be an excellent alternative as a protection material. α-Fe2O3 layer was deposited around each p-type Si micropillar (SiMP) in well-ordered array by chemical bath deposition method. The diameter of SiMP was 5 mm and the thickness of α-Fe2O3 layer was about 20 nm. The photoeletrochemical stability of SiMP/α-Fe2O3 was proved by 10 circles cyclic voltammetry testing. Compared with SiMP, its optical absorption and photocurrent density improved 2 times and 4 times, respectively, and its onset potential for hydrogen evolution moved positively about 0.4 V. These improved performances could be ascribed to the enhanced photogenerated-charge-separation efficiency deriving from built-in electric field at the interface between Si and α-Fe2O3. The above results show an effective strategy to utilize Si material as photocatalyst or electrode in aqueous solution or moist air.
  相似文献   

18.
无机高分子絮凝剂聚合硅酸铝铁的研究   总被引:28,自引:1,他引:28  
以ALCL3,FeCl3,Na2SiO3和盐酸为原料,采用NaOH作为碱化聚合剂,合成了具有不同碱化度(B),不同Al/Fe/Si摩尔比的铝铁硅共聚物(简称PAFSC),通过PH滴定法测定分析了铝、铁在其水解共聚合过程中PH值的变化,然后通过透射电镜和混凝实验对共聚物的晶形貌像和絮凝作用进行了研究,通过对模拟具有色悬浊水样的絮凝实验,并与现有的其它无机絮凝剂作比较后可以看出:在同样投加量情况下,PAFSC处理的水具有更低的剩余浊度和色度。  相似文献   

19.
Electron probe energy dispersive microanalysis of isolated andin situ neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and neuritic (senile) plaque cores have been done to investigate the levels of Al, Si, Ca and Fe in the leading lesions of Alzheimer disease neuropathology. Varying levels of Si and Al, and to a lesser extent Ca, have been co-localized in about one half of the NFT and plaques examined using X-ray mapping. The variability of detection and the low levels of Al present indicates that aluminum is not required for the formation of the NFT and that aluminosilicates are not involved in the formation of the plaque core.  相似文献   

20.
采用^27Al-NMR法比较研究了PASC与PAC中铝的形态分布。实验结果表明,在PASC中,由于聚硅酸与铝水解聚合物产物间的相互作用,使得铝的水解聚合形态分布及转化情况发生了变化。在相同B值条件下,PASC中Al单和Al13的含量低于PAC中相应Al单和Al13的含量,而PASC中Al其它的含量大于PAC中Al其它的含量,其差值随着碱化度(B)和Al/Si摩尔比的减小而增大。  相似文献   

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