基于试验的互联控制设备环境可靠性鉴定方案

本文以某型互联控制设备为研究对象,依托相关标准规定及其实际使用环境特点,为其详细设计了包含环境适应性及可靠性两大方面的环境可靠性鉴定试验方法,其中环境适应性性能主要包含高温试验、低温试验、湿热试验及振动试验,可靠性试验方案中对相关环境应力进行了要求。此外,本文还提供了相关检测要求及合格判定标准,明确了该型互联控制设备鉴定合格性判据。     

基于可靠性仿真分析的一体化设计研究

可靠性仿真分析通过施加温度、振动等载荷应力在产品的数字样机上,并分解到基本组件上,通过开展应力分析和应力损伤分析,得到产品的薄弱环节,并据此进行改进设计,以提高产品可靠性水平,并可预计出平均首发故障时间。讨论了如何利用可靠性仿真分析方法进行可靠性优化设计,克服了传统的"设计"与"可靠性"两张皮的现状,实现了可靠性与性能的一体化设计。     

可靠性工程中的环境技术

本文综述应用于可靠性工程中的各项环境试验技术,如环境应力筛选、高温老炼、贮存期评定试验、加速应力试验,可靠性鉴定试验。提出发展环境试验技术是提高产品可靠性的保障,应加强环境试验技术研究和贮存可靠性研究。     

在多平台上应用的某产品可靠性增长摸底试验设计

同一产品用在不同的两个平台上能否同时满足这两个平台的使用要求，将两个平台结合起来进行可靠性增长试验设计可以回答这个问题，并且有利于节约经费，减少时间成本。该电子产品在平台A和平台B任务不同，可靠度非常接近。在剖面设计过程中，关于两个平台的温度、湿度、电应力的设计在相同的，振动应力将两个平台结合起来设计，振动应力取结合任务时间内在两个平台上的振动极大值包络。当增长模型未知，总试验时间采用指数分布的定时截尾方案。采用QJ3217-2000中没有增长模型的可靠性增长试验方法对试验结果的可靠性下限进行评估。最后对于多平台应用的产品，将多个平台结合起来进行可靠性增长摸底试验是可行的，符合我国的国情，易于被设计师接受。     

用实测数据确定可靠性试验振动应力的方法研究

本文根据可靠性试验环境条件的特点，给出了振动数据处理结果的合理归纳方法，并提出以振动环境效应为基础进行加这试验的时间缩比方案。文章同时对使用通用标准制定振动应力的不合理性进行了论述。     

关于可靠性鉴定试验目的和时机的探讨

本文探讨了进行可靠性鉴定试验的目的和应考虑的时机,列举了当前应尽量少做而不是取消可靠性验证试验的理由。提出大力推行环境应力筛选,强调可靠性增长试验是加强可靠性系统工程工作的有效途径。     

文摘

本文目的是提供在实验室内就各种变化进行可靠性试验所用的温度、湿度、振动和冲击等环境参数。指出:在决定船上无控制处所的温湿度时,同时使用测定的温升和MIL—STD—210B的气候数据,是正确的。 在环境鉴定试验中经常同时对受试设备施加高温和高湿,但在自然界却极少出现,因此不宜作为船或船队完成某一目标——使用的环境条件。     

电动舵机控制器可靠性验收试验应用

本文以电动舵机控制器为研究对象,对其进行可靠性验收试验。依据GJB1032电子产品环境应力筛选方法及企业要求为电动舵机控制器设计了老练试验、振动试验及温度循环试验,并制定了试验中及试验后的检测方法以验证电动舵机控制器的环境可靠性。     

高加速寿命试验方法设计和特性测量研究

高加速寿命试验是一种适用于研发设计阶段快速暴露产品的潜在缺陷的激发试验,它是以施加典型的试验应力并逐步增大应力强度来实现这个目的。通过这个试验,暴露产品的缺陷并实施改进和验证,拓宽产品的工作极限和破坏极限,从而提高产品的可靠性。本文基于温度及六自由度非高斯宽带随机振动应力,提出了一种高加速寿命试验方法—应力五步法,并对试验装置的关键技术特性指标的测量进行了探讨。     

大型机载信息化系统软硬件一体化可靠性鉴定试验方法及其应用

针对目前大型机载信息化系统的软件可靠性越来越重要,而传统可靠性鉴定试验无法考核系统软件可靠性,软件可靠性测试无法考核综合环境应力下的软件可靠性,以及软硬件一体化可靠性指标考核的问题,提出了大型机载信息化系统软硬件一体化可靠性鉴定试验方法解决这一问题的设想。该方法综合考虑了传统可靠性鉴定试验和软件可靠性测试的优点,并详细给出一种大型机载信息显示和控制系统的应用实例,充分地分析论证了该方法的可行性和科学性。     

城镇化建设中乡村环境保护关键点分析

城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。     

Investigation of the toxicity of the products of decoloration of Amaranth by Trametes versicolor

Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application.     

山东省环境经济系统地域分异研究

环境保护与经济发展相协调,是人类社会持续发展的必由之路.环境经济系统是由环境子系统和经济子系统耦合而成的复合大系统.在用系统论对环境经济系统进行结构分析的基础上,采用主成分分析法和加法合成原理,对山东省17地市环境经济系统进行综合分析和类型划分,并从地域差异角度提出了分区特点及今后的发展建议,以期为山东省环境经济系统高水平协调发展提供决策依据.     

随机规划在泵站树状给水管网优化中的应用

泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际.     

资源丰度的定量计算

提出了一种通用的定量计算方法,即用规范化指数表示各地区的资源丰度,用“度”作为资源丰度的计量单位。指数表示法计算的资源丰度值实现了资源丰度在可比尺度上的综合评价。它概念明确,简单易行,具有可比性和可传递性,从理论和应用方面来说都具有许多优点。     

Numerical and experimental investigation of state of health of Li-ion battery

ABSTRACT

Estimation of State of Health (SoH) of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is essential to predict the lifespan of batteries of an electric vehicle (EV). The efficient prediction of battery health indicates to the effective and safe operation of EV. However, delivering an effective and accurate method for the estimation of SoH in the real condition is truly a challenging task. The present study proposed a holistic procedure of combining both experimental and numerical investigations to conduct the fundamental study on coupled mechanical-electrochemical behavior of Li-ion battery. The proposed investigation highlighted the effect of stress on the capacity of the battery, considering capacity fade as an equivalent parameter to its health for real-time estimation of SoH. Finally, a simple model of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is provided, which shows the linear dependency of stress with the SoH. The results obtained from the ANN model are validated with a Linear Regression (LR) model for a better understanding of the inspection. The predicted value of mean Square Error (MSE) and R square error in the ANN training model are found to be 0.000309 and 0.849687, respectively. Whereas for the test model, these predicted values are found to be 0.000438 and 0.819347, respectively.     

MAPGIS在龙口市土地利用现状数据库建设中的应用

以中国地质大学开发的MMPGIS通用型地理信息系统软件为基础,以山东龙口市2004土地利用现状为例,介绍了龙口市土地利用信息系统建设的方法与步骤,包括影像数据的纠正,矢量数据、属性数据的采集,以及数据入库方法,最后提出了在建库过程中遇到的一些问题.     

Patterns of television viewing and of perceptions of hazards to life

A previous study using respondents in a London regional audience appreciation diary panel showed that links existed between overall amounts of the viewing of television recorded across one week and levels of perception of risk of three hazards to life, namely lightning, flooding and terrorist bomb attacks. With a fourth hazard, cancer, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between perceived risk level and amount of viewing. At the same time there were no relationships between amounts of viewing of news and documentary material and perceived risks of any of 12 hazards. Two new surveys were done, nearly three years after the previous one, asking people in widely different regions about their perceptions of nine various hazards, and linking these results with measures of attitudes towards certain adaptations of new technology (which could prove hazardous or beneficial according to points of view) and to patterns of television viewing. The two surveys agreed on a wide number of points with each other; they agreed with the previous study in finding no steady relationships between information programme viewing and hazard perception. Lightning and flooding were again related, this time more specifically with viewing of particular types of television programming. A new finding is that heavier viewing of television sport is associated with less perceived risk of cancer and of nuclear pollution. Interpretations are generally favoured along the lines of a selective process of viewers with certain predispositions choosing certain kinds of viewing patterns, rather than that programme contents provide an example for formulating perceptions and attitudes.     

开发白洋淀旅游资源的制约因素与对策

作者在实地调查研究的基础上，认为制约白洋淀旅游业发展的因素主要有水位不稳、水质受到污染、旅游项目内容贫乏、参与性差、景区文化氛围不和谐，以及管理不到位。作者提出，应努力保持其水位稳定，加强流域内污染治理，理顺管理体制，建立白洋淀湿地保护区，加大旅游资源开发和宣传力度，丰富旅游的文化内涵等来保证白洋淀旅游的可持续发展。