共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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葫芦岛市水土流失防控体系建设研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杨卓 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2011,(5):33-35
分析了葫芦岛市水土流失现状及水土保持方面存在的问题,提出水土流失防控体系建设策略。建议采取水土流失分区治理、工程措施、林业措施、管理措施等建设葫芦岛市水土流失防控体系。 相似文献
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四川攀西山区光伏电站建设期水土流失特点及防治措施简析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《四川环境》2017,(2)
分析会东县小龙潭30MWp光伏电站工程的建设特点和建设期主要水土流失特点,据此介绍了工程建设过程中和施工结束后水土流失防治措施的设计和布置,期望以此能为类似地区光伏电站工程水土保持工作提供一定的参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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文章结合川渝地区天然气管网调整改造工程-北外环集输气管道建设中水土流失治理监理实施情况,着重介绍了长输管道工程建设中地面开挖破坏造成水土流失的特点及成因,指出在长输管道工程建设中实施水土保持监理工作的法律及技术规范方面的依据,从8个方面提出施工现场水土保持监理的重点,并进行阐述和探讨。最后提出对此项工作的若干认识。 相似文献
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范立峰 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2010,20(3):12-14,19
自水保法颁布实施以来,秦皇岛市的水土保持工作取得了巨大成效;全市共出台县级以上水土保持规范性文件15个;工程建设力度不断加大,综合治理水土流失面积1 619 km2;宣传教育活动深入开展,人们的水保意识普遍增强。然而,在新形势下还存在着宣传不到位、投入不足、治理思路老化、重治理轻预防、执法队伍素质低等诸多问题。因此,针对我市目前水土保持工作存在的问题,提出六项保证措施,推进水土保持工作健康发展。 相似文献
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Changes in Land Cover and Subsequent Effects on Lower Fraser Basin Ecosystems from 1827 to 1990 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
/ European settlement began in the Lower Fraser Basin (LFB) inwestern British Columbia in 1827 and has impacted the basin ecosystem in anumber of ways, especially affecting the vegetation. Using previouslypublished data, air photos, and other historical material for the area,estimates of land cover were made for the years prior to 1827 and for 1930and 1990. The area of coniferous forest changed from 71% prior to 1827to 50% in 1930 to 54% in 1990. However, prior to 1827, only27% of the forest would have been immature (<120 years old), while40% would have been immature in 1930 and 73% of the forest wasimmature in 1990. The amount of wetland area decreased from 10% to1% of the study area while urban and agricultural area increased to26% of the study area by 1990. The changes in land cover have hadadverse effects on soil, water, and air quality; aquatic life; and plant andanimal populations. Estimates of changes in net primary production andorganic soil carbon suggest a decline over the past 170 years, although thelatter rate of decrease has slowed since 1930. As human populations in theLower Fraser Basin continue to increase, the quality of air, water, and soilwill continue to decline unless measures are taken.KEY WORDS: Human impact; Land cover; Net primary productivity; Organiccarbon in soil 相似文献
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Ira L. Whitman Richard M. Davis Seymour E. Goldstone 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1971,7(4):661-669
ABSTRACT The role of water resources in the urban economic and social environment, particularly in the inner city, has never been established to the degree necessary for making informed decisions on investments in urban waterway and shoreline improvements. The basic tools for measuring psychological and social impacts of waterway and shoreline developments in the inner city have not been fully developed and utilized to date. However, through a detailed analysis of the water resources in the urban core area of Cleveland, it appears that deliberate development of water-based recreation and other environmental resources can lead to improvement in some of the social problems of the inner city. In recreation analysis, there is currently a great gap between methodologies that are conceptually sound and those that have been applied by urban and water-resources planning agencies. New tools and methodologies can only be used successfully when public agencies are given the institutional and policy means for using them equitably in light of social needs. Present urban-water planning practices have been found to be biased against the inner city, often unintentionally. 相似文献
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We analyzed the effects of changes in land cover on the water balance in Spain’s Marina Baixa County, on the Mediterranean
coast. To reveal how different land management strategies have affected the area’s environment, four municipalities within
the same catchment were studied: Benidorm, Callosa d’en Sarrià, Beniardà, and Guadalest. In the municipalities of Callosa
and Benidorm, the proportion of the area covered by woodland declined by 4.2% and 30.2%, respectively, and woodland was replaced
by agriculture and urban development. The abandonment of farmland produced a 17% increase in the proportion of the area covered
by vegetation in Guadalest and Beniardá, where frequent forest fires have exacerbated a decrease in the area of pine woodland.
Tourism development in Benidorm has been accompanied by an increase in the transportation infrastructure and by an expansion
of areas with an impermeable surface, with the lowest level of infiltration into the aquifer system. These changes have generated
a net water deficit in Callosa and Benidorm of more than 6 Mm3/year, creating a high demand for water imported from other municipalities (Guadalest and Beniardá) or from outside of the
county to maintain the sustainability of the current water management strategies. The Marina Baixa case study is representative
of many of the world’s coastal areas that are undergoing rapid urban development based on an inappropriate understanding of
human progress based mainly on economic development and thus provides insights into water management in other areas. 相似文献
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Robin Tennant-Wood 《Local Environment》2013,18(6):527-539
In areas where rivers have been altered and regulated through dams, the effect on wetland ecosystems can lead to 'wastage' of the land as natural systems are destroyed. In response to the effects of streamflow regulation on a wetland near the city of Albury, on the Murray River, the development of the Wonga Wetlands and associated site rehabilitation addresses two key issues: wasteland and waste water. A Community Advisory Committee has been actively and directly involved in the project, initiated and implemented by the Albury City Council, to restore an area of original wetland into a community ecological resource that utilises 100% of the domestic, commercial and industrial urban 'waste' water from the city's water treatment plant. This project represents a significant direction in the way communities and local governments approach resource recovery. This paper analyses the Wonga Wetlands project from the perspective of sustainable management of waste in terms of water resources and presents it as a model for community-based environmental application and long-term resource sustainability. 相似文献
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Levels, distribution, and health risk of phthalate esters in urban soils of Beijing, China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The content of phthalate esters (PAEs) was investigated in urban soil samples ( = 127, 0-20 cm) collected from a business area (BU), classical garden (CL), culture and educational area (CU), large public green space (LA), residential area (RE), and roadside area (RO) in Beijing. The sum of all PAE contents ranged from 1.9 to 3141.7 ng/g, with an average of 1139.6 ± 727.6 ng/g. Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the major contaminants in the soil samples. The content of DEHP and DBP in the urban soil of Beijing showed decreasing trends from the center of the city to the suburbs, which was probably because the center of the city has a longer history. In addition, higher DBP content also occurred in the south of the city, which was caused by the existence of several factories that produce commodity chemical and building materials in these areas. Because of its greater age, less disturbance from human activity, and high levels of total organic carbon and black carbon in CL, PAE content in CL was the highest among the six types of land use, followed by RE, CU, BU, LA, and RO. Although in 82.6% of the soil samples, DBP content exceeded the recommended allowable soil content in New York, USA, health risk assessment with CalTOX and Monte Carlo analysis showed that the total cancer risk values of PAEs were lower than the acceptable cancer risk value (10(-4)) and that the risk mainly came from dermal uptake and inhalation exposure pathways. 相似文献
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Cost-efficiency of rainwater harvesting strategies in dense Mediterranean neighbourhoods 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) presents many benefits for urban sustainability and it is emerging as a key strategy in order to cope with water scarcity in cities. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding the most adequate scale in financial terms for RWH infrastructures particularly in dense areas. The aim of this research is to answer this question by analysing the cost-efficiency of several RWH strategies in urban environments. The research is based on a case study consisting of a neighbourhood of dense social housing (600 inhabitants/ha) with multi-storey buildings. The neighbourhood is located in the city of Granollers (Spain), which has a Mediterranean climate (average rainfall 650 mm/year). Four strategies are defined according to the spatial scale of implementation and the moment of RWH infrastructure construction (building/neighbourhood scale and retrofit action vs. new construction). Two scenarios of water prices have been considered (current water prices and future increased water prices under the EU Water Framework Directive). In order to evaluate the cost-efficiency of these strategies, the necessary rainwater conveyance, storage and distribution systems have been designed and assessed in economic terms through the Net Present Value within a Life Cycle Costing approach. The pipe water price that makes RWH cost-efficient for each strategy has been obtained, ranging from 1.86 to 6.42€/m3. The results indicate that RWH strategies in dense urban areas under Mediterranean conditions appear to be economically advantageous only if carried out at the appropriate scale in order to enable economies of scale, and considering the expected evolution of water prices. However, not all strategies are considered cost-efficient. Thus, it is necessary to choose the appropriate scale for rainwater infrastructures in order to make them economically feasible. 相似文献
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Robin Tennant-Wood 《Local Environment》2004,9(6):527-539
In areas where rivers have been altered and regulated through dams, the effect on wetland ecosystems can lead to 'wastage' of the land as natural systems are destroyed. In response to the effects of streamflow regulation on a wetland near the city of Albury, on the Murray River, the development of the Wonga Wetlands and associated site rehabilitation addresses two key issues: wasteland and waste water. A Community Advisory Committee has been actively and directly involved in the project, initiated and implemented by the Albury City Council, to restore an area of original wetland into a community ecological resource that utilises 100% of the domestic, commercial and industrial urban 'waste' water from the city's water treatment plant. This project represents a significant direction in the way communities and local governments approach resource recovery. This paper analyses the Wonga Wetlands project from the perspective of sustainable management of waste in terms of water resources and presents it as a model for community-based environmental application and long-term resource sustainability. 相似文献
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Managing Urban Trees and Their Soil Envelopes in a Contiguously Developed City Environment 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Jim CY 《Environmental management》2001,28(6):819-832
Urban Hong Kong is covered by high building, road, and population densities. Its urban morphology is inherently not conducive
to extensive or high-grade greening. Recent renewal of old areas has squeezed out some limited interstitial plantable space,
although in new development areas modest spaces have been earmarked for greenery. The study aims at evaluating the major constraints
to urban trees and their companion urban soil envelopes and at providing specific recommendations to improve tree management
in the city. The analysis covers the above-ground confinements that dampen tree performance, the less tangible but rather
difficult institutional restrictions that impose a somewhat unnecessary lid on tree planting, the multiplicity of players
and stakeholders involved in urban-tree management that militates against coordination and cooperation, the widespread occupation
of underground space by utility lines often to the exclusion of trees, and the extremely poor quality of urban soils that
are often used without amelioration to support tree growth. The management recommendations furnish practical suggestions and
hints to improve the short- and long-term welfare of trees in terms of quality, quantity, and spatial distribution. The conclusion
enumerates some concrete measures for consideration by decision-makers to upgrade the city's greenery to close the gap between
science and policy. 相似文献
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A. Megan Shane Thomas E. Graedel 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2000,43(5):643-663
Designing or transforming urban areas into 'sustainable cities' is becoming an increasingly common vision. It is, however, an unrealizable vision without agreement on how to determine whether a sustainable city vision has been fulfilled. In this paper we define a provisional set of urban environmental sustainability metrics, chosen to cover the spectrum of issues related to urban areas, and to be drawn from data that are customarily available. We devise a display technique to communicate efficiently the results of a metrics evaluation to a variety of stakeholders. The approach is illustrated by applying the metrics set to Vancouver, Canada, an urban area that has expended considerable effort toward achieving its own environmental vision. 相似文献