共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 99 毫秒
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渗滤液回灌在实际应用中应注意的问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文介绍了垃圾填埋场渗滤液回灌的机理、优缺点,“干填埋”与“湿填埋”之间的区别。渗滤液回灌可增加填埋废物的含水率,加快垃圾的降解速率,减少渗滤液的处理时间,提高填埋气中甲烷的含量,加速填埋场稳定化进程。鉴于以上这些优点,渗滤液回灌作为一种渗滤液处理方式将会有极大的应用前景。但在实际应用中回灌的渗滤液容易泄漏而导致地下水污染,这是影响渗滤液回灌广泛应用的主要原因。为了避免使地下水受污染,本文总结和分析了渗滤液回灌在实际应用中应注意的问题。 相似文献
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GC-MS法测定垃圾填埋场渗滤液中的有机污染物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用GC-MS联用技术对深圳市两个垃圾填埋场(A和B)渗滤液中的有机污染物进行分析。垃圾场A是简易生活垃圾填埋场,垃圾场B是生活垃圾焚烧底渣填埋场。垃圾场A渗滤液中COD、TOC、NH3-N、NO3^--N等污染指标的浓度比垃圾场B渗滤液高一个数量级。两个垃圾填埋场渗滤液中分别检测出主要有机物72种和57种,其中含有大量难降解有机物,如酚类、胺类、杂环类物质。两个垃圾填埋场渗滤液中有机物组分的相对含量不同,渗滤液A中酚类物质含量最高,渗滤液B中有机物多为长链烷烃。 相似文献
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城市生活垃圾填埋场恶臭污染与周边限建区划分探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着我国城市垃圾状况和城市建设的变化,填埋场气体问题日益突出。探讨环境影响评价中如何合理确定垃圾填埋场周边建设的控制距离,科学设置垃圾填埋场的防护距离,已成为解决恶臭污染问题的有效途径之一。文章将恶臭污染影响作为限制性因素,提出垃圾填埋场周边限建区的概念,并探讨了划分思路和原则,最后文章从恶臭污染控制因子选取、恶臭污染影响计算模式及参数选取等对恶臭污染防护距离进行了讨论,在此基础上对垃圾填埋场周边限建区的划分方法进行了具体说明。文章探讨的基于垃圾填埋场恶臭污染影响的限建区划分方法,对垃圾填埋场环境影响评价及垃圾填埋场周边建设项目规划具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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目前在大量垃圾填埋场库容逐渐饱和的背景下,老旧生活垃圾填埋场的存量垃圾的处理问题亟待解决。国内外对老旧生活垃圾填埋场的治理主要分为异位治理和原位治理两大类,选择攀枝花市一处生活垃圾填埋场作为实例研究,从不同环境要素方面分析原位封场处理与异地转运处理的环境影响,可为其他垃圾填埋场提供参考。 相似文献
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为研究在焚烧原生垃圾的焚烧发电厂协同处置填埋场陈腐垃圾的运行效果,以协同焚烧附近垃圾填埋场陈腐垃圾的某垃圾焚烧发电项目为例,对填埋场陈腐垃圾和该垃圾焚烧发电厂入厂原生垃圾的性质进行了比较,并以该厂其中一条焚烧炉生产线为试验研究对象开展陈腐垃圾掺烧试验。研究表明:入炉前按适当的掺烧比均匀混料并且在焚烧过程中优化对助燃风的控制,这样对焚烧系统运行效果几乎没影响。将库容饱和的垃圾填埋场陈腐垃圾送入垃圾焚烧发电厂与原生垃圾协同焚烧,可作为陈腐垃圾资源化处理的有效途径。 相似文献
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芦会杰 《环境保护与循环经济》2020,40(1):69-72
生活垃圾的处置一直以填埋为主,垃圾填埋承载着巨大的环境压力,尤其是垃圾填埋产生的渗滤液会对地下水造成砷、汞污染。为了解北京市生活垃圾填埋场地下水砷、汞污染水平,在北京市5座生活垃圾填埋场布设采样点,采集36个地下水样品,采用氢化物发生-原子荧光法,分析了地下水砷、汞含量特征。结果表明,36个地下水样品砷浓度范围0.41~4.82μg/L,汞浓度范围0.024~0.121μg/L,北京市典型垃圾填埋场地下水样品不存在砷、汞污染问题。 相似文献
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The research reported here characterizes municipal solid waste in terms of the quantity produced as a function of time and pre-sorting as well as post-sorting composition in a municipality with 90,000 inhabitants located in Central Brazil. It pursues the objective of identifying the basic strategy of a municipal solid waste management model specific to household waste. It shows that sorted-waste composition, and not raw waste composition, drives reverse logistics. The household waste production rate is 45 tons per day. The research provides data on the base case of progressive annual tipping rates without a diversion target. It goes on to determine a landfill diversion potential of 67 % of domestic waste produced, based on sorted waste composition data. Annual progress indicators required to reach this potential within a chosen timeframe are detailed. Reverse logistics capacity is identified and found sufficient to remove all inert waste items separated at the source. The necessary logistics for biodegradable matter, based on decentralized composting tests, is outlined. The challenge of the municipal administration is identified as the promotion of source separation, and the funds required for this undertaking are shown to derive from the correspondingly reduced landfill maintenance. 相似文献
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垃圾填埋场建设项目的主要环境问题包括:渗沥液排放、地下水环境污染、大气环境污染、噪声污染、景观变化和环境安全。根据工作经验,建立了包括建设项目基本情况、生态环境影响、社会环境影响、生态环境保护措施四大类调查监测指标为核心的环保验收调查指标体系,提出了文件资料核实、现场勘查、遥感调查、公众意见调查、环境监测和摄影法为主的建设项目竣工环保验收调查技术方法。 相似文献
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The European Union Landfill Directive calls on member states to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal solid waste disposed of to landfill. In addition, national waste strategies will require the constituent parts of the United Kingdom to achieve increased household waste recycling and recovery rates. Both these measures will require the development of the infrastructure to support national high-intensity recycling and composting schemes and the construction of at least 35 new municipal waste to energy incinerators. Before plans can be developed for meeting the targets several areas relating to municipal solid waste need to be clarified. Depending on the definition of municipal solid waste, its composition and likely future growth rates the number of incinerators required could be up to 170. 相似文献
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Businelli M Calandra R Pagliai M Businelli D Gigliotti G Grasselli O Said-Pullicino D Leccese A 《Journal of environmental quality》2007,36(1):254-261
This research deals with the transformation of an anthropomorphous landfill covering composed of a fill soil mixed with mechanically separated municipal waste compost. The study site was a municipal landfill near Perugia, Italy. Throughout the years, waste disposal in the landfill was performed by burial in horizontal layers, each one representing a yearly disposal. The external front of the landfill thus represented the yearly disposal over a 10-yr period starting in 1993. Temporal changes in the anthropomorphous soil over this period were studied by examining and describing soil profiles, and by collecting and analyzing soil samples from the 1993, 1994, 1997, and 2001 disposals. The samples were subjected to a series of physical, chemical, and biochemical analyses. The results obtained suggest that over a 10-yr period the top layer gained a pedological structure (subangular blocky and/or crumb) giving rise to an A horizon. Improved soil structure was confirmed by an increase in macroporosity, particularly for pores larger than 50 microm, measured by image analysis of soil thin sections. Total extractable carbon showed an increase in the content of humic substances, evidenced by parameters of humification. Enzymatic activities in the A and C1 horizons were also indicative of soil evolution and may serve as a valid indicator for monitoring the evolution of anthropogenic soils containing municipal waste compost. 相似文献
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Due to increasing pressure from the European Union to meet recycling and recovery targets, (e.g. the packaging waste, waste electronic equipment and landfill directives), both the Irish and England's governments’ policy on waste management is changing to meet these pressures, with major emphasis upon the management of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW). In particular, the EU landfill directive requires reductions in the rate of biodegradable waste going to landfill to 35% by 2016. The objective of this paper is to examine how Ireland plans to meet this challenge and to compare the Irish strategy to that being adopted in England. The approach in England is driven by a clear understanding that the practice in the late 1990s was unlikely to ensure compliance with EU targets by the set dates. England has therefore developed a discrete, programme (Waste Implementation Programme) to drive a new approach, based on rigorous science and international best practice, which includes a Demonstrator Programme for new technologies. The dynamic, high cost, large scale programme in England stands in sharp contrast to that for Ireland and only future, detailed analysis of outcomes will be able to evaluate the cost effectiveness of each. 相似文献
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M. Fehr 《The Environmentalist》2002,22(4):319-324
This study reports on experimentation with municipal and industrial solid waste in Brazil, on mutual inspection of municipal sanitation models in selected Spanish and Brazilian towns, and on observations of municipal solid waste (MSW) management models effective in Argentina, Great Britain, Sweden, and Germany. The diversity of management strategies inhibits technology transfer. Judging by the models inspected, Sweden and Germany appear to be best prepared for stricter European landfill diversion targets in the near future. Experimentation in Brazil has resulted in a proactive MSW management model based on divided collection, which achieves 80 percent landfill diversion. This result, surprisingly, meets and exceeds European diversion targets in a South American context. As the gap in strategy and target narrows between South America and Europe, both technology and management methods may gain intercontinental mobility and thus enhance commercial ties between the two markets in the specific branch of MSW management. 相似文献
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A generic comparison of the airborne risks to human health from landfill and incinerator disposal of municipal solid waste 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A comparison of the potential risks to human health from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration and landfill on a generic basis is attempted. For this purpose a 'worst case' approach is adopted and a number of assumptions regarding the size and activities of each waste disposal method are made. The airborne pollutants measured for an incinerator are different from those for a landfill with or without gas collection. However, based on the available information it appears that as far as airborne pollution is concerned, landfill sites without gas collection pose a potentially higher generic risk to human health than MSW incinerators performing to Environmental Agency (UK) standards. This analysis cannot be used to replace specific evaluations for a particular incinerator or a landfill site because local conditions can have a very large impact on the magnitude of risks involved. 相似文献