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1.
环境化学进展动态   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文概述了近年来环境化学包括环境分析化学、环境污染化学、环境污染控制化学、生态化学等方面研究的一些新进展  相似文献   

2.
杨英桂 《青海环境》2006,16(1):31-32
文章结合青海大学化工学院基础化学实验教学情况,探讨了在基础化学实验室中开展绿色化学的重要性和可行性,说明用绿色化学的新理念指导化学实验教学工作,可减少化学实验带来的环境污染,并从转变教师观念、开展微型实验、培育具有环保素质的人才等方面入手,阐述了实现绿色化学实验的实施步聚。  相似文献   

3.
植物化学杀雄研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
介绍了化学杀雄剂诱导植物雄性不育的变化,回顾了化学杀雄杂种优势利用研究的进展,阐述了化学杀雄杂种优势利用的特点,以及化学杀雄剂的设计思路和常用的化学杀雄剂。  相似文献   

4.
矿泉水是一个十分复杂的物理化学体系。本文从无机地球化学和化学热力学的角度出发,讨论了卧龙饮用天然热矿水的硅、锶、氡、碳酸盐化学和稳定同位素特征。为该矿水水文地球化学、环境化学和生物化学等方面的进一步研究提供了化学基础资料。  相似文献   

5.
开发研制绿色化学产品   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
叙述绿色化学是一门从源头上彻底阻止污染的化学,简介了几种绿色化学产品及研究开发的进展。  相似文献   

6.
叙述绿色化学是一门从源头上彻底阻止污染的化学,简介了几种绿色化学产品及研究开发的进展.  相似文献   

7.
国外大学的绿色化学教育动态   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
随着绿色化学的发展.世界各国逐渐认识到大学生进行绿色化学的教育对绿色化学未来的发展至关重要。国内外的很多大学都开设了《绿色化学》课程,有些大学开始招收绿色化学硕士和博士研究生。本就国外一些大学有代表性的绿色化学教育情况进行介绍.旨在对国内高校的绿色化学教育有所启迪。  相似文献   

8.
通过在化学课程中融入基础环境教育,能够让孩子们及早地了解和认识化学与环境的关系,化学其实也是把"双刃剑"。让他们不仅在化学领域践行环保,同时也在生活的方方面面立足环保,关爱地球,也关注自己生存和发展的环境。可以说传统的化学是创造人类财富的伟大科学但众多化学化工过程产生的化学物质进入环境,对人类生活所造成的负面影响,却犹如病毒一般,成为了残害人类的可怕帮凶。化学变化涉及从现代  相似文献   

9.
化学包装桶涉及化学品繁杂,有毒有害物质多,清洗过程污染防治是解决我国该行业环境污染问题的重要工作,本文作者在化学包装桶安全处理处置和综合利用长期研究和实践基础上,提出化学包装桶清洗及回收利用的全过程清洁生产技术,为我国化学包装桶安全清洗和利用提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

10.
本文讨论了化学矿业可持续发展的内涵和实现可持续发展战略的最佳技术手段之一,即建立化学矿业可持续发展空间决策支持系统的重要性,提出了化学矿业可持续发展决策支持系统的构建理论依据和方法,探讨了化学矿业可持续发展空间决策支持系统总体设计、系统分析的数学模型以及系统的方法库和模型库的设计。  相似文献   

11.
依据创新型城市的基本内涵,构建出四元城市创新体系模型,形成以四元创新主体为核心,集知识、技术于一体的网络创新体系,说明城市创新体系四元模型中,各主体之间的关系及其伴随社会的不同发展时期四元模型的变化趋势和变化过程中主导驱动元素扮演的角色、作用和地位。  相似文献   

12.
This study describes the development of the Perceived Restorative Characteristics Questionnaire (PRCQ), a measure of perceived restorative characteristics of zoo attractions. The questionnaire was administered in two zoo attractions. The hypothesized five factor structure of the PRCQ, and relations between perceived restorative characteristics and experienced pleasure in and preference for the attractions were examined. In Study 1, 137 visitors of a Dutch zoo evaluated perceived restorative characteristics of a butterfly garden; In Study 2, 158 visitors evaluated those of a baboon attraction. In Study 1 three factors emerged (fascination, escape and coherence); In Study 2 four factors could be distinguished (fascination, novelty, escape, coherence). Compatibility did not appear as a separate factoring either study. Perceived fascination and escape were significant predictors of experienced pleasure and preference in both attractions. The implications of the findings are discussed.  相似文献   

13.
自然保护区生态旅游可持续发展的对策分析   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
张光生 《资源开发与市场》1999,15(4):244-245,249
本文对自然保护区发展生态旅游的积极作用和消极影响进行了较全面的分析,提出了要确保自然保护区生态旅游的持续发展,必须制定全国自然保护区生态旅游发展战略,编制各级生态旅游规划,建立全国自然保护区生态旅游信息服务网络体系,以及加强自然保护区生态旅游管理工作等措施。  相似文献   

14.
As Russia’s largest mining company, Norilsk Nickel was for much of its history an archetypal Soviet institution. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the subsequent prolonged economic crisis, in 2001 new management came into the company with the objective of transforming the company into a modern global corporation. In the years that followed, management pushed through a series of radical changes to the organisation and its operations. Simultaneous with these changes, the company extended its asset base in Russia and acquired assets outside the country. The progressive direction of the company was, however, taking it further and further out on a limb and the programme of transformation was not being matched and supported by public policy and regulation. Pressures came to a head in the middle of 2008 when a change in the structure of company’s ownership and a collapse of metal prices combined to bring about increased involvement of the state in company’s affairs and a more national emphasis to its strategic orientation.  相似文献   

15.
Indicators of perceived naturalness as drivers of landscape preference   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
The concept of naturalness is one of the more studied concepts in landscape preference research and describes how close a landscape is to a perceived natural state. In this study we explored the relationship between landscape preference and three landscape indicators of naturalness (level of succession, number of woodland patches and shape index of edges). We used computer-generated visualisations of a hypothetical landscape containing pasture and broadleaved woodland. In the landscape simulations we altered the values of the naturalness indicators between the levels of low, medium and high, creating 27 different visualisations. The survey was distributed as an on-line survey in seven different languages and obtained 703 respondents. The study showed a strong relationship with preference for both the level of succession and number of woodland patches, and a weaker relationship with shape index of edges. The two demographic factors which were shown to contribute most to the formation of preference were gender and having a landscape related profession. The results suggest that the selected indicators are more important drivers of preference than demographic factors.  相似文献   

16.
ABSTRACT

Estimation of State of Health (SoH) of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is essential to predict the lifespan of batteries of an electric vehicle (EV). The efficient prediction of battery health indicates to the effective and safe operation of EV. However, delivering an effective and accurate method for the estimation of SoH in the real condition is truly a challenging task. The present study proposed a holistic procedure of combining both experimental and numerical investigations to conduct the fundamental study on coupled mechanical-electrochemical behavior of Li-ion battery. The proposed investigation highlighted the effect of stress on the capacity of the battery, considering capacity fade as an equivalent parameter to its health for real-time estimation of SoH. Finally, a simple model of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is provided, which shows the linear dependency of stress with the SoH. The results obtained from the ANN model are validated with a Linear Regression (LR) model for a better understanding of the inspection. The predicted value of mean Square Error (MSE) and R square error in the ANN training model are found to be 0.000309 and 0.849687, respectively. Whereas for the test model, these predicted values are found to be 0.000438 and 0.819347, respectively.  相似文献   

17.
拟浮丝藻是我国水华蓝藻的一个新记录属,我国对此类水华缺乏研究,成都也未曾有此类报道。2008年7~8月,在原成都世界乐园犀池内首次暴发了大规模拟浮丝藻水华。为了解犀池拟浮丝藻水华的成因,对犀池2007~2008年监测资料进行了分析,研究表明:犀池富营养化正以每年平均8.1%的速率不断加剧,大规模发生拟浮丝藻水华的营养指数临界值为85,水温为25℃~30℃,pH=8.2~8.8,较小的氮磷比值(TN∶TP=10)有利于拟浮丝藻水华生长。  相似文献   

18.
Resilience thinking has developed separately in the bodies of literature on social-ecological systems, and that published principally within developmental psychology and mental health on the resilience of individuals. This paper explores what these bodies of literature might learn from the other towards a more integrated and enriched understanding of both social-ecological systems and social resilience. The psychology-based literature recognises a strong set of factors that enhance the strengths of individuals and communities, but lacks a sophisticated integration of the physical environmental context. The social-ecological systems literature offers an excellent foundation in complex adaptive systems, but tends to superimpose ecological concepts of system function onto the human domain, and needs to include an array of core social science concepts that are important to a full understanding of social-ecological systems. An example on north eastern Australia suggests how a converged understanding of social resilience could assist managers to acknowledge, enhance and foster social resilience in linked social-ecological systems.  相似文献   

19.
Urbanisation is the proportionate increase in the urban population with respect to the total population. In India urbanisation was never a result of a strong economic base of cities. It was distress and poverty in rural areas that resulted in a huge influx of rural migrants into urban areas. The pace of urbanisation gained momentum after 1941 with the percentage of people living in urban areas increasing to 31.16% in 2011. The pattern of urbanisation is characterised by continuous concentration of population in the megacities and in Class I cities. India’s urbanisation is best described as pseudo-urbanisation, a condition in which a large city is formed without a functional infrastructure to support it. Migration and pseudo-urbanisation lead to demographic explosion and a progressive concentration of poor migrants in the cities, followed by misery, poverty, unemployment, exploitation, rapid growth of slums and degradation in the quality of urban life. Slums are usually characterised by poor housing conditions, inadequate physical infrastructure, deprivations in socio-economic conditions, health, hygiene and lack of safety and security. Two slums were chosen within the Kolkata Municipal Corporation for assessing the quality of life. Despite government initiatives the condition of the slum dwellers has not improved much.  相似文献   

20.
The current industrial pig production model is in crisis, due to its association with environmental pollution, doubtful product quality and lack of animal well-being. In Bretagne (France), a region of intensive pig production, a survey of seven stakeholder groups concerned with pig production was conducted, as part of a research programme dedicated to the assessment of the environmental impact of different modes of pig production. A very large majority of pig producers (93%) and their suppliers (100%) considers pig farms as an asset for the region, whereas a majority of scientists (58%), activists (78%) and consumers (54%) sees it as a handicap. Differences among stakeholder groups are minor with respect to the perceived importance of environmental and social issues. Stakeholders agree on the relative level of responsibility of pig farms with respect to specific problems. For all groups unpleasant odours and water quality come first with respect to responsibility, for most groups soil quality comes second, followed by product safety and air quality. For a future improved mode of pig production, 76% of pig producers and their suppliers prefer to adapt the current model, for all other groups the majority prefers an alternative model. While pig producers and their suppliers prefer a slurry-based housing system, all other groups prefer a straw-based system. Pig producers see the slurry-based system as technically superior and associate the straw-based system with poor working conditions, whereas consumers associate the slurry-based system in the first place with poor water quality and associate the straw-based system with less pollution. These results will be of use in the research programme on the environmental impact of modes of pig production, as they indicate the environmental impacts to be considered and their relative importance. The results will also help in deciding which options should be assessed. It is concluded that the poor image of the current pig production model and its production practices with consumers does not seem compatible with a sustainable demand for pork products.  相似文献   

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