多举措集成提升电厂节水减排成效

本着分级使用、减少排放、综合利用的原则,根据现场实际情况进行综合治理,重点是增加并完善梯级利用程度,提高水资源利用效率。对除灰、输煤废水这类浊度较大的废水进行自循环利用,禁止外排;完善循环水排污水利用系统;对高含盐量化学废水进行综合利用,达到既减排又可以改善废水水质的目的。     

金川公司工业废水综合利用现状

金川公司地处干旱缺水地区,经多年科技攻关,在综合利用工业废水方面取得了一定成绩,为公司在“十五”期间扩大生产能力,提高技术含呈奠定了基础,但水资源严重紧缺,仍亟须改进工业废水综合利用工艺,重新调整水价,提高水资源有效利用率。     

四川水资源可持续利用与水质保护研究

四川水资源以河川径流为主，可利用率不高；水资源时空分布不均，径流的地区差异大；水能丰富，开发条件优越。水质污染日趋严重。在分析水质现状的基础上，针对水资源利用中存在的主要问题，提出了水资源可持续利用与水质保护的相应措施：以大型骨干水利工程建设为重点，改善水资源的时空分布；把建设全国能源基地与实现地方电气化相结合，因地制宜开发水能资源；以生态环境工程建设推动水质保护和水土保持；开源与节流并重，加强水资源的综合利用。     

秦皇岛水资源可持续利用的模糊评价

应用模糊模式识别模型对秦皇岛市各分区的水资源可持续利用程度进行了评价,评价结果表明,秦皇岛市的水资源可持续利用程度整体上处于中级水平,还有较大的开发潜力。其中海港区的水资源可持续利用程度处于中高级水平;北戴河区、昌黎县、抚宁县和卢龙县的水资源可持续利用程度处于中级水平;山海关区和青龙县的水资源可持续利用程度处于中低级水平。     

玻璃生产企业废水综合利用的可行性探讨

本文分析了玻璃生产企业废水的来源,并从耀华玻璃集团实施的废水治理项目的实际出发,阐述了废水经过治理后综合利用的途径,实现废水的零排放,减少环境污染,节约水资源。     

南水北调对湖北省经济的影响

南水北调是一项跨流域、跨省市的远距离调水工程,它对沿线各省(市)的自然地理、人口、资源、社会、经济产生着不同的影响.通过分析南水北调工程(中线)对湖北省经济的促进与制约双重影响,并从全省水资源状况和南水北调工程实际出发,探讨了湖北省实施水资源综合利用战略的具体对策.     

2000年前水利发展战略目标和方针

2000年前水利发展的战略目标和任务为:①以充分发挥现有水利工程和水资源的作用为核心,加强水利固定资产管理,巩固改造现有工程设施。②以加强江河治理为目标,提高江河防洪能力,保障社会安全,进行水资源综合利用与开发(包括灌溉、除涝、发电、供水、航运、水产等目标开发).③以创造农业增产条件为目标,大力进行农田水利基本建设,发展灌排事业和水土保持工作。④以解决华北水资源紧缺问题为中心,缓解水资源紧张状况,解除在一些地区水源供应成为社会、经济发展限制条件的问题;同时要抓好水源保护工作,防止水质继续污染。     

中国水资源强度的区域差异和极化程度研究

研究了2003—2014年我国水资源强度的区域差异和极化程度。结果发现:1我国各区域的水资源强度均呈现下降趋势,西北区域的水资源强度最高,华北区域最低。2全国层面的水资源强度基尼系数一般比区域层面大。在八大区域中,西北区域水资源强度的基尼系数最大,长江中下游区域最小。水资源强度泰尔指数的测算结果与此类似。3在水资源强度基尼系数的分解项中,区域间水资源强度的差异最大。4表征水资源强度极化程度的ER指数值大于对应年度的EGR指数值和MU指数值,且这三种指数均呈下降趋势。因此,水资源强度较高的区域要调整产业结构,向水资源强度较低的区域学习节水灌溉等技术,提高水资源的利用效率。     

矿产资源综合开发利用的评价方法

矿产资源的综合利用,一直没有科学的评价标准。本文提出一套综合利用的评价方法体系,包括参考标准的建立,评价对比方案设计,综合开发利用程度评价,方案排序选优等。本方法体系可用于考核矿山开发阶段的综合利用水平     

干旱区油田采油污水的处理及综合利用

我国西部干旱地区的塔里木盆地,有许多深居欧亚大陆腹地的大型油田,都地处水资源极其匮乏的地区,在油田的开发过程中的用水量和产水量都比较大,本文就采油过程中产生的采油污水的处理和综合利用问题作了探讨。     

太湖流域水资源综合规划数模研究--水质模型的建立与率定

太湖流域水资源综合规划数模研究建立了一个覆盖全流域的，包括污染负荷模型、河网湖泊相耦合的水量水质模型的数字流域系统。该系统实现了流域的耦合求解，已在流域水资源规划中发挥了重要的作用。本文建宴了流域水质模型，并在水量模型率定的基础上进行了水质模型的率定。率定结果与实测数据吻合较好，相对误差多在30％之内，一定程度上反映了太湖流域的水质概况。     

Climate,land, energy and water (CLEW) interlinkages in Burkina Faso: An analysis of agricultural intensification and bioenergy production

This paper discusses climate, land, energy and water (CLEW) interactions in Burkina Faso. It shows that integrated assessments of resource use at the national level can provide important insights and benefits, especially for a resource constrained least developed country. Agricultural policy is shown to have strong implications for energy use, whereas energy policies are found to be strongly interrelated with water constraints. Without an integrated and coordinated approach, strategy and policy formulation efforts to increase energy, food and water security could become both incoherent and counter‐productive.     

生态工业园区水资源管理模式研究

以生态工业园区为研究背景，对生态工业园区的水资源管理模式进行了系统的研究，并借用计算机构件理论和生态工业学理论重点分析了生态工业园区水资源管理模式的设计思路，从而实现了水资源管理模式生态意义上的水链及水网的建设。其核心成果是要建立一个面向循环经济的生态工业园区水资源管理模式。     

DPSIR模型在西北水资源可持续利用评价中的应用

水作为人类生存和经济发展的生命线，已成为制约西部经济社会发展及生态环境改善的主要因素。为实现西部经济可持续发展，针对当前西北地区水资源利用中出现的问题，建立了基于“驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应”模型的西北地区水资源可持续利用综合评价指标体系。同时采用熵值法。结合2004年西北五省相关评价指标值对该指标体系进行综合评价。评价结果表明，人均水资源量、水资源开发利用率、农业用水效率等十个指标为影响西北水资源可持续利用的关键因素。其中，新疆在五省区中可持续利用综合水平最高。宁夏最低。     

RATES,RIGHTS, AND REGIONAL PLANNING IN THE METROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA1

ABSTRACT: The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California has for more than 70 years shaped the development of an immense urban region. The district's current strategic planning process therefore could have substantial effects on regional water planning and management. The rate restructuring phase of the planning process has produced a multiple component, cost of service based framework. This paper describes that framework as well as some criticisms that have been directed toward it. The rate restructuring was shaped, and for a while stalled, by old disputes among member agencies over rights to water supplied by Metropolitan. That controversy has diverted attention from the resource management implications of the rate structure. This paper presents an alternative future focused approach to regional integrated water resource planning for Southern California based on projections of current trends and anticipation of future events. This discussion raises the question of how regional integrated water resources planning of this sort may proceed, and what role Metropolitan will play in that process.     

SPATIAL MODELLING WITH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINATION OF WATER RESOURCES VULNERABILITY APPLICATION TO AN AREA IN MASSIF CENTRAL (FRANCE)1

ABSTRACT: A method for water resources protection based on spatial variability of vulnerability is proposed. The vulnerability of a water resource is defined as the risk that the resource will become contaminated if a pollutant is placed on the surface at one point as compared to another. A spatial modelling method is defined in this paper to estimate a travel time between any point of a catchment and a resource (river or well). This method is based on spatial analysis tools integrated in Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The method is illustrated by an application to an area of Massif Central (France) where three different types of flow appear: surface flow, shallow subsurface flow, and permanent ground water flow (baseflow). The proposed method gives results similar to classical methods of estimation of travel time. The contribution of GIS is to improve the mapping of vulnerability by taking the spatial variability of physical phenomena into account.     

GREAT LAKES WATER RESOURCES: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ANALYSIS WITH TRANSIENT GCM SCENARIOS1

ABSTRACT: The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducted an assessment of Great Lakes water resources impacts under transient climate change scenarios. The integrated model linked empirical regional climate downscaling, hydrologic and hydraulic models, and water resource use sub-models. The water resource uses include hydropower, navigation, shoreline damages, and wetland area. The study is unique in that both steady-state 2°CO₂ and transient global circulation model (GCM) scenarios were used and compared to each other. The results are consistent with other impact studies in that high scatter in regional climate among the GCM scenarios lead to high uncertainty in impacts. Nevertheless, the transient scenarios show that in the near-term (approximately 20 years) significant changes could occur. This result only adds to the urgency of creating more flexible and robust management of water resources uses.     

Approaches to integrated water resource development and management

In southern Africa institutional capacity in the water sector is severely limited by diminishing regular budget and external assistance allocations. The result has been an overall decline in operational water resource management. This is ironic given the international community's current concern with 'integrated' or 'comprehensive' water resources management. Often, so-called integrated attempts at river basin planning and development have been conceived within the framework of a river basin authority or regional master plans. Such large-scale attempts have not necessarily been compatible either with the national capacity in water resources management or the existing institutional and legislative frameworks. In many cases the actual integration of a basin's physical resources and social, economic and environmental demands is poorly executed. To examine a way forward in resolving what is clearly an unsustainable state of affairs, a diagnostic study of the Kafue Basin, Zambia, was carried out in order to identify a set of water resource management options for a basin currently under stress. A physical framework for the Kafue Basin was established and principal subcatchments and hydro-geological subsystems identified. Current water resource issues in the basin are discussed and a multiobjective approach is proposed to allow intersectoral competition for the basin's limited water resources to be reconciled.     

火力发电行业的环境污染与水资源利用

讨论了电源点建设所面临的环境保护和水资源紧缺的影响,提出根据电源点总体发展和分布,科学制定水资源储备战略思路。建议新的电源点建设可以规划采用城市污水、矿井水等作为火力发电厂项目建设的用水发展方向,海滨电厂可以采用电、热、水一体的建设模式,实现循环经济。     

Groundwater resource management and environmental protection

Population and economic developmental pressures will continue to put increasing pressure on the environment, especially on scarce water resources. Meanwhile, large numbers of poor families in the developing countries still lack access to safe water. An integrated water resource planning and policy analysis framework is presented that permits the main issues and alternative options to be systematically considered and prioritized, especially problems arising from groundwater pollution. Basic principles of water resource economics are used to illustrate how the neglect of long-term environmental considerations jeopardizes the availability and quality of groundwater resources in the Greater Manila area. This paper contains a brief overview of drinking water and sanitation issues in developing countries, presents a policy-oriented analysis of a groundwater problem of great relevance worldwide, and demonstrates how the study conclusions might be implemented practically in a constrained developing country context.