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1.
4种实用配方饲料对锦鲤诱食活性和生长的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
试验用鱼选择锦鲤.根据动物摄食行为学原理,采用迷宫法和摄食率法为试验方法,配制4种添加甘氨酸的实用饵料,研究其对锦鲤诱食活性和生长的影响,实验结果用Excel和SPSS17.0软件进行分析.结果表明,4种实用饵料都对锦鲤具有诱食反应.其中,火棘(35m甘氨酸)P=0.003< 0.05,浒苔(35mg甘氨酸)P=0.001<0.05,诱食效果有极显著意义.与对照组相比,喂食实用饵料的锦鲤增重率都有所提高,其中浒苔+50mg甘氨酸最为明显,达到8.44%,饵料系数降低到4.123.  相似文献   

2.
以16种植物和3种动物提取物作为实验材料,以体长为3—5cm的锦鲤为实验对象,采用触球法进行诱食活性研究,5次重复试验,并利用SPSS软件进行分析。结果表明,大蒜、浒苔、洋葱、西红柿、江蓠、陈皮、橙子、山楂、紫菜提取物和海星、海蜇、牡蛎提取物对锦鲤显示出诱食反应。其中,大蒜P=0.0010.05、浒苔P=0.0020.05、江蓠P=0.0040.05、陈皮P=0.0370.05、海星P=0.0030.05,说明大蒜、浒苔、江蓠、陈皮、海星对锦鲤的诱食反应有显著意义。  相似文献   

3.
选择3种中药配方,以其水提液对体长3-5cm锦鲤进行诱食活性(触球法)试验.每组实验重复5次,实验结果采用Excel和SPSS软件分析.结果表明,配方1对锦鲤的诱食有抑制作用,配方2与配方3对锦鲤有诱食反应,抑制或诱食的强弱与中药的浓度有关.其中,配方1 P=0.004< 0.05,配方2 P=0.0005< 0.05,配方3 P=0.0003< 0.0,经复合饵料饲喂后,实验鱼体长和体重都比基础饵料增长显著,说明3种饵料对锦鲤的生长都有促进作用.其中,配方2降低饵料系数0.2801,增重率达17.66%.  相似文献   

4.
选用80尾初始体长4.7cm左右、体色均一健康的锦鲤,随机分为4个组。其中,Ⅰ为对照组,饲喂基础饲料;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ为实验组,分别在基础饲料中添加100mL/kg、150mL/kg、200mL/kg的中草药复方。研究一副中草药复方对锦鲤诱食活性的影响,记录试验数据,并用Excel和SPSS软件进行分析。饲喂15d的结果表明,本实验所用该副中草药复方对锦鲤具有诱食反应。其中,Ⅱ组P=0.0010〈0.05、Ⅲ组P=0.0042〈0.05、Ⅳ组P=0.016〈0.05,说明其诱食效果有显著意义。不同浓度的中草药复方对锦鲤生长效果的影响差异很大,其中Ⅲ对锦鲤有显著的促生长作用。与对照组相比,增重率提高了23.090%,饵料系数降低了0.459。  相似文献   

5.
以锦鲤为实验研究对象,研究3种中药复方制剂对锦鲤免疫功能的影响。结果表明,3种中药复方制剂对锦鲤血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性和尿素氮含量均有一定的降低诱导作用,1号(黄芪、当归、益母草等)复方组的尿素氮含量降低显著(P〈0.05);对锦鲤肝脏免疫能力均有增强作用,1号(黄芪、当归、益母草等)、3号(灵芝、大黄、黄柏等)复方组可显著提高肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(P〈0.05),2号(红景天、刺五加、香菇等)复方组可使肝脏溶菌酶活性显著升高(P〈0.05)。  相似文献   

6.
通过浸渍法制备出氨基酸型甲醛吸附净化材料,并考察了甲醛气体浓度及流速、温度、不同甘氨酸浸渍液浓度、p H值等对模拟甲醛污染空气的净化效果,发现甘氨酸溶液浸渍时间不同制备的吸附净化材料对甲醛的去除率影响不大,净化效果均可达80%以上;净化温度升高不利于甲醛的去除;甲醛去除率随甘氨酸p H值的增加而增加。研究成果有一定应用价值。  相似文献   

7.
以锦鲤为试验对象,研究中药复方制剂对锦鲤的诱食活性及促生长的影响。实验分为4组,Ⅰ为对照组,饲喂基础饲料;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ为实验组,分别在基础饲料中添加150mL/kg、200mL/kg、250mL/kg的中药复方。喂食20d后的结果表明,各实验组均有较强的诱食活性(P<0.05),Ⅱ组效果最显著(P<0.01);Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组质量增加率和肥满度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组效果最显著(P<0.01),各实验组均能明显降低饲料系数(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

8.
为了探究并优化葎草中黄酮的提取工艺,在单因素实验的基础上,采用星点设计-响应面法设计实验,最终确定了葎草黄酮的最优提取工艺.回归分析和实验结果表明,最佳提取工艺为:乙醇浓度=72%、料液比(W/V)=1∶28、提取时间=1.2h,实际黄酮/生药提取率为2.64235.该方法优于现有的提取方法,得到的工艺条件具有实际应用价值.  相似文献   

9.
为了获得麻疯树饼粕低成本脱毒的最佳方法,首次结合超高效液相色谱(UPLC)和PDA紫外检测器,建立对麻疯树饼粕中佛波酯的定量检测系统。选取Na HCO3水溶液,采用磁力搅拌法进行化学反应;运用三因素三水平正交实验,考察了化学反应时间,Na HCO3百分含量与料液比对脱毒效果的影响,并采用S433D氨基酸分析仪对脱毒饼粕中的氨基酸进行了检测。结果显示,在温度为25℃条件下,Na HCO3含量为6%,料液比1∶8,反应10小时效果最佳,佛波酯含量降到0.011mg/g。同时,反应后主要氨基酸保留,各氨基酸含量控制在理想范围内,表明此方法在生产上具有指导意义。  相似文献   

10.
黄山贡菊有效成分的定性分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
黄山贡菊主产于安徽省歙县,具有显著的医疗保健作用.采用水提取法、醇提取法和酸性醇液提取法对黄山贡菊的化学成分进行了提取,并做了全面的定性鉴定试验.实验结果表明,黄山贡菊中含有较丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸、糖类、生物碱等物质和少量的挥发油、酚类物质,而蒽醌类、香豆素类、甾体三萜类、皂甙类含量极少,实验鉴定呈阴性.  相似文献   

11.
Enzymatic hydrolysis and mineralization of organic phosphorus (P) were determined in surface water samples collected from inflow and outflow of a submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV)-dominated treatment wetland of the Florida Everglades. Water samples were fractionated into three size fractions (> 0.4 micron, < 0.4 to > 0.05 micron, and < 0.05 micron) with a sequential flow filtration technique. The fractionated water samples were incubated to hydrolyze with alkaline phosphatase (APase) and phosphodiesterase (PDEase), and to mineralize at different redox and pH. Unlike APase, which hydrolyzed < or = 10% of organic P, PDEase hydrolyzed > or = 71% of organic P in unfiltered water from both inflow and outflow waters, suggesting the domination of bioavailable diester P in the water. Phosphodiesterase completely hydrolyzed organic P in the < 0.4- to > 0.05-micron and < 0.05-micron fractions, as compared with < or = 35% in the > 0.4-micron fraction. However, the P mineralization in inflow and outflow waters at different redox and pH showed that P associated with particulate > 0.4 micron had been mineralized the most. Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that surficial sediments from the inflow region contained a high proportion of polynucleotides, nucleoside monophosphates, and previously unreported glycerophosphoethanolamine and phosphoenolpyruvates. However, at the outflow, the relative proportion of polynucleotides and nucleoside monophosphates was reduced substantially. This suggests that the SAV wetland may sequester P via accretion of organic matter.  相似文献   

12.
Prescribed burning of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) communities is conducted with the intention of increasing either the productivity of the understory plants or the big sagebrush. It was our objective to compare the recovery of big sagebrush communities from prescribed fire at as many sites as we could locate in south-western Montana with environmentally paired unburned portions. We located and sampled 13 sites that had been burned over a span of two to 32 growing seasons earlier. Big sagebrush canopy cover, density, and production of winter forage were significantly greater (P < or = 0.05) in the unburned portions in 34 of 38 comparisons. Canopy coverage of Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer), the dominant herbaceous species, was greater in the burned portion at only one site while it was less (P < or = 0.05) at four sites. Total perennial grass canopy coverage was not different (P < or = 0.05) between treatments over the 13 sites. Managers considering prescribed burning of big sagebrush communities should be aware that herbaceous plant responses may be minimal while shrub values will likely be lost for many years. The loss of the dominant shrubs in any ecosystem will affect many other organisms and severely impact species that have an obligate habit with the shrubs.  相似文献   

13.
大庆油田钻井液幼鱼急性毒性试验研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
采用经济合作与发展组织(OECD)推荐的毒性试验鱼种(幼鲤鱼),对大庆油田废钻井液、聚合物体系、三钾聚合物体系钻井液进行急性毒性试验;用概率单位回归法计算出三种钻井液LC50值、钻井液浓度值和95%可信度的浓度范围;采用美国糠虾试验法钻井液毒性分级标准进行评价,并对钻井液中主要化学添加剂毒性作了分析。结果表明大庆油田三种钻井液均属于无毒性水平。  相似文献   

14.
A long-term water quality monitoring program was established to evaluate the effects of agricultural management practices on water quality in the Little Vermilion River (LVR) watershed, IL. This watershed has intensive random and irregular subsurface drainage systems. The objective of this study was to assess the fate and transport of soluble phosphorus (soluble P) through subsurface drainage and surface runoff. Four sites (sites A, B, C, and E) that had subsurface and surface monitoring programs were selected for this study. Three of the four study sites had corn (Zea mays L.) and soybeans (Glycine max L.) planted in rotations and the other site had seed corn and soybeans. Subsurface drainage and surface runoff across all sites removed an average of 16.1 and 2.6% of rainfall, respectively. Annual flow-weighted soluble P concentrations fluctuated with the precipitation, while concentrations tended to increase with high precipitation coupled with high application rates. The long-term average flow-weighted soluble P concentrations in subsurface flow were 102, 99, 194, and 86 microg L(-1) for sites A, B, C, and E, respectively. In contrast, the long-term average flow-weighted soluble P concentrations in surface runoff were 270, 253, 534, and 572 microg L(-1) for sites As, Bs, Cs, and Es, respectively. These values were substantially greater than the critical values that promote eutrophication. Statistical analysis indicated that the effects of crop, discharge, and the interactions between site and discharge and crop and discharge on soluble P concentrations in subsurface flow were significant (alpha = 0.05). Soluble P mass loads in surface runoff responded to discharge more consistently than in the subsurface flow. Subsurface flow had substantially greater annual average soluble P mass loads than surface runoff due to greater flow volume.  相似文献   

15.
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.) were introduced into the United States in 1963 as potential biological control agents for nuisance aquatic weeds. Since that time an oftentimes bitter controversy has raged over its effects on sportfishing, and its possible natural reproduction and naturalization in North America. This review considers the history, ecology, and present status of grass carp in the United States in light of the voluminous scientific research conducted since its importation. Particular attention is given to the role of grass carp in the fisheries management plans of Arkansas. Recent development of a sterile, triploid grass carp hybrid may lead to widespread use of grass carp to control nuisance aquatic weeds in culturally eutrophicated waters of the United States.  相似文献   

16.
Lanthanum-modified bentonite clay (Phoslock(?) is a lake remediation tool designed to strip dissolved phosphorus (P) from the water column and increase the sediment P-sorption capacity. This study investigated short term alterations in sediment elemental composition and sediment P-fractions based on sediment cores taken 2 days before and 28 days following the application of 24 t of Phoslock? to a 9 ha, man-made reservoir. Following the application, sediment lanthanum (La) content increased significantly (p < 0.05; n = 4) in the top 8 cm of the sediment, thereby theoretically increasing sediment P-binding capacity on the whole reservoir scale by 250 kg. Mass balance calculations were used to estimate the theoretical binding of release-sensitive P (P(mobile); sum of 'labile P', 'reductant-soluble P' and 'organic P' fraction) by La across the top 4 cm and 10 cm depth of sediment. The amended mass of La in the sediment had the potential to bind 42% of P(mobile) present in the top 4 cm or 17% of P(mobile) present in the top 10 cm. However, with the exception of a significant increase (p<0.05; n=4) in the 'residual P' fraction in the top 2 cm, sediment P-fractions, including P(mobile,) did not differ significantly following the Phoslock? application. Experimental P-adsorption studies indicated P-saturation values for Phoslock? of 21,670 mg P kg?1 Phoslock?. Sequential extraction of P from saturated Phoslock? under laboratory conditions indicated that around 21% of P bound by Phoslock? was release-sensitive, while around 79% of bound P was unlikely to be released under reducing or common pH (5-9) conditions in shallow lakes. Applying Phoslock? is, therefore, likely to increase the P-sorption capacity of sediments under reducing conditions.  相似文献   

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