共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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虽然我国保护地比例高于世界平均水平,但仍存在问题,根本原因是缺乏一个与之相适应的保护地类别管理体系。现在《自然遗产保护法》草案存在诸多问题,必须调动社会各方面资源参与,抓住机会,共同参与保护地管理。 相似文献
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当前我国自然保护地体系改革正处于关键时期,公益型保护地是一种利用社会公益力量,由政府监督、民间管理并协调保护与发展的新型保护地模式。该模式注重社会公益力量在自然保护地建设中的作用,能够补充已有保护地资金、技术和人力的不足,填补了我国目前保护地体系的空缺。本文论述了国家公园建设背景下的公益保护地的内涵,分析了当前公益保护地的特征,讨论了国内外公益型保护地的运营管理机制,包括土地权利的获得、基于协议保护机制的保护地运营、特许经营在保护地的实施和社区保护模式的成功经验。今后我国公益型保护地的建设应鼓励公益组织与民间力量参与,在管理理念上应坚持保护第一和公益性,促进管理体制转变和科学划定界限,并完善公益组织参与保护地建设的激励和监督机制。 相似文献
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保护地役权由国外经验引入,在国家公园试点中逐渐成为兼具本土化探索的新兴土地权属管理制度.但基于公私属性争论,保护地役权的规范路径存在众多争论,尚未在我国法律体系中正式确立.考虑到国家公园正式设立以及自然保护地体系的建立,保护地役权制度应尽快于法有据.基于此,通过分析保护地役权制度属性,对比民法与环境法两条入法路径,结合生态文明立法进程探讨保护地役权规范构造的更优选择.分析得出在环境法中另起炉灶路径较为适宜,建议在先行出台的《国家公园法》中设定具体规则,后考虑在《自然保护地法》与《生态环境法典》中予以原则性纳入,最后将细化规定空间留给专类保护地法. 相似文献
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生物多样性问题日益严重,依靠单个国家难以解决,而必须依靠国际社会的共同努力。生物多样性是全球治理的一个重要对象和领域。国家是生物多样性全球治理的基本主体,政府间国际组织是生物多样性全球治理的重要主体,非政府组织和跨国公司是生物多样性全球治理的重要补充,它们均在生物多样性的全球治理中发挥着应有的作用。 相似文献
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环境保护部生物多样性保护办公室 《环境教育》2008,(5):54-56
中国作为一个生物多样性非常丰富的国家,具有地球陆生生态系统的各种类型,共约595种;物种高度丰富,高等植物约3万余种,其中裸子植物有10科、34属,约250种,是世界上裸子植物最多的国家。中国也是世界上鸟类种类最多的国家之一。我国不但生态系统类型和野生物种资源众多, 相似文献
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建设项目环境监理方案初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
作为一种新的环境管理手段--建设项目环境监理工作可以解决项目施工期间的环境管理缺位问题,将建设项目的环境管理由事后管理转变为全过程管理.环境监理方案作为开展环境监理工作的重要指导性文件,其方案的内容组成在很大程度上决定了环境监理工作的成败.本文结合辽宁省开展的建设项目环境监理工作,对环境监理方案编制的具体内容进行了探讨. 相似文献
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2019年6月《关于建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的指导意见》的颁布,指出自然保护地建设应“探索全民共享机制”,突出了公众参与制度的重要意义.在我国自然保护地建设过程中,公众参与制度虽然得到了较为广泛的关注,但仍面临诸多实践困境.通过分析现阶段自然保护地的立法和实践现状,探析公众参与制度在自然保护地建设中的适用路... 相似文献
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我国正逐步完善以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的顶层设计,将国家公园定义为具有国家代表性的\"陆域或海域\"。但与国外相比,我国现有海洋类自然保护地单个及总体面积都不大,管理上也存在碎块化的问题,没有地域广阔、覆盖更完整生物链的国家海洋公园,离实现海洋生态系统性保护的目标尚有距离。而事实上,我国已经具备相关制度供给,既拥有国际规范支撑,也积累了本国海洋类自然保护地建设的法治成果,只是仍存在一些制度障碍需要克服,需进一步优化、整合原有的海洋类自然保护地体系以匹配新体制。建议明确国家海洋公园的国家公园属性,调整国家公园的监管主体,统筹陆海不同的功能分区,构建中国特色的国家海洋公园管理体制。 相似文献
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里山模式在日本已经延续了数百年时间.从里山概念人手,论述了里山模式的多样性和该模式下生物的多样性,以及日本政府为保护里山生物多样性而做出的从机构到政策再到国际合作的种种努力,以实现自然资源的可持续利用和人与自然的和谐共处. 相似文献
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Views that protected area (PA) expansion relies predominantly on land purchased by government are increasingly being challenged. The inclusion of privately owned PAs (PPAs) in national conservation strategies is now commonplace, but little is known about their long-term persistence and how it compares to that of state-owned PAs. We undertook the first long-term assessment of the dynamics of a national system of terrestrial PPAs, assessing its growth, as well as its resilience to downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD). Between 1926 and 2018, 6.2% of all private nature reserves established in South Africa were degazetted, compared to 2.2% of state-owned nature reserves. Privately owned PA growth exceeded that of state-owned PAs. Trends in PA establishment differed between privately owned and state-owned PAs, reflecting different legislative, political, and economic events. Our findings highlight the value of enabling legislative environments to facilitate PPA establishment, and demonstrate the potential of PPAs as a long-term conservation strategy. 相似文献
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Nikoleta Jones James McGinlay Angela Jones Chrisovalantis Malesios Jens Holtvoeth Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos Vassilis Gkoumas Andreas Kontoleon 《Conservation Letters》2021,14(4):e12800
During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, management authorities of numerous Protected Areas (PAs) had to discourage visitors from accessing them in order to reduce the virus transmission rate and protect local communities. This resulted in social–ecological impacts and added another layer of complexity to managing PAs. This paper presents the results of a survey in Snowdonia National Park capturing the views of over 700 local residents on the impacts of COVID-19 restrictions and possible scenarios and tools for managing tourist numbers. Lower visitor numbers were seen in a broadly positive way by a significant number of respondents while benefit sharing issues from tourism also emerged. Most preferred options to manage overcrowding were restricting access to certain paths, the development of mobile applications to alert people to overcrowding and reporting irresponsible behavior. Our findings are useful for PA managers and local communities currently developing post-COVID-19 recovery strategies. 相似文献
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Cori Lopazanski Bergen Foshay Jessica L. Couture Daniel Wagner Lee Hannah Emily Pidgeon Darcy Bradley 《Conservation Letters》2023,16(5):e12972
Climate change is threatening marine systems, and its widespread and dynamic effects are creating challenges for designing and managing marine protected areas (MPAs). The majority of recommendations for climate-resilient MPAs focus on enhancing ecological resilience to disturbance and updating management strategies to respond as changes occur. Here, we assess how existing recommendations for climate resilience are applied in real-world MPA management, using criteria from five key management components: objectives, assessments, design, monitoring, and management. Our review evaluates 172 management plans for 555 MPAs across 52 countries and written in nine languages. We find that MPA management plans contain many underlying scientific and management principles for promoting resilience to climate change, even when “climate change” or related terms are not specifically included: plans include long-term objectives (93.6%), threat-reduction strategies (99.4%), monitoring programs (97.7%), and adaptive management (93%). However, there is substantial variation in the degree to which plans explicitly incorporate climate change into their strategies, from not mentioning it at all (21.5%) to developing detailed climate change-specific action plans (20.9%), with most somewhere in between. In addition to identifying common gaps across management plans, we also provide practical examples of activities MPA managers are undertaking to address climate change. 相似文献
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Ashley Robson Morgan Trimble Dominik Bauer Andrew Loveridge Paul Thomson Guy Western Peter Lindsey 《Conservation Letters》2022,15(1):e12844
Calls to increase the global area under protection for conservation assume existing conservation areas are effective but, without adequate investment, they may not be. We collected survey data from expert respondents on perceived budgets, management, and threats for 516 protected areas and community conservation areas in savannah Africa to create a Conservation Area Performance Index. Combining this index with an indicative biodiversity outcome—population status of African lion, Panthera leo—we found that 82% of the sampled area was in a state of failure or deterioration, with only 10% in a state of success or recovery. A large proportion of succeeding or recovering conservation areas received external support through collaborative management partnerships. That Africa's current conservation area network—the foundation of conservation efforts—is crumbling complicates proposed strategies to protect additional land. We contend that investing in the effective management of existing conservation areas—potentially through well-structured collaborative management partnerships—should be prioritized urgently. 相似文献
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Elsa Reimerson 《Local Environment》2016,21(7):808-826
This article investigates the space for agency of the Indigenous Sami in the management of the Laponia World Heritage site in northern Sweden. Analysing policy documents and interviews with key actors within a framework of post-colonial and discourse theory, I argue that discursive constructions of the management organisation, understandings of the relationships between the parties involved, and perceptions of challenges for the management organisation affect the Sami space for agency in the management of Laponia. Furthermore, there is a tension between the intrinsic value of Sami influence that follows an understanding of the Sami as an Indigenous people and the more instrumental value of Sami influence following a focus on the Sami reindeer-herding communities as important for the values of the World Heritage site. The positioning of the Sami in Laponia affects, and in some ways limits, the space for Sami political agency. It also connects to colonial discourses, historical and contemporary inequalities, and unequal power structures. Nevertheless, the management of Laponia is a unique example of increased Sami influence, resulting from Sami political struggle for recognition of their rights. 相似文献
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《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2012,55(13):2255-2272
Protected areas (PAs) are social-ecological systems (SES) and are contested spaces. The challenges in governing PAs call for a governance system that works with human-nature relations and is capable of adapting to each PA. This necessitates innovative processes and adaptive governance. This paper contributes to the discussion on adaptive governance in SES by offering empirical evidence from Costa Rica on how the processes of social innovation occur in practice. We discuss the evolving governance of the Juan Castro Blanco National Water Park, particularly the contribution of a local association that drives conservation and management of the park. We show that social mobilisation caused social innovation, which was revealed by the achievement of three interconnected process outcomes: satisfaction of interests; effective socio-political arrangements; and empowerment. The socially-innovative governance of the park has contributed to sustainability and to social-ecological change at many levels. 相似文献
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山东省自然条件优越，生态环境多样，因而具有极其丰富的生物多样性，本文初步研究了山东省生物多样性现状，保护与经济协调发展对策。 相似文献
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After signing a peace accord in 1994, joint projects were initiated between Israel and Jordan aimed at enhancing environmental protection and resource management. This paper discusses the Red Sea Dead Sea Canal, the Eilat-Aqaba Municipal Cooperation initiative, the Joint Oil Spill Contingency Plan and the Red Sea Marine Peace Park (RSMPP). The latter is an exemplar of transboundary cooperation for planning of a marine protected area and therefore the main case study. Although the RSMPP never fully materialized, analysis of what transpired provides important lessons. We examine what happened in the 20 years since the attempt to establish the RSMPP began and focus on which of its goals were achieved. As a basis for analysis this paper presents factors identified as significant to the success of transboundary protected areas (TBPAs) and uses them to compare the RSMPP to the three other initiatives. In addition to factors reported in the literature that are known to be effective for TBPA success, we found two new factors as most relevant for the RSMPP case: a peripheral geographic location and intensive work among professionals, mostly marine scientists, on the ground operating under a low profile and with limited public attention. 相似文献